OVERVIEW

Isoprene (short for isoterpene) or 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene is a common organic compound with the formula CH2=C(CH3)CH=CH2. It is present under standard conditions as a colorless liquid. It is the monomer of natural rubber and is a precursor to an immense variety of other naturally occurring compounds. Natural rubber is a polymer of isoprene most often cis-1,4-polyisoprene with a molecular weight of 100,000 to 1,000,000.
isoprene or ('sprn, by'td'n), colorless liquid organic compound. It is a hydrocarbon, and is insoluble in water but soluble in many organic solvents; it boils at 34C. The isoprene molecule contains two double bonds. It is readily polymerized by the use of special catalysts; large numbers of isoprene molecules join together to form a single large, threadlike polyisoprene molecule. Isoprene polymers also occur naturally. The natural rubber caoutchouc is cis-1,4-polyisoprene, and trans-1,4-polyisoprene is present in the natural rubbers balata and gutta-percha. (The cis and trans polyisoprenes are structural isomers.)

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Appearance Molecular mass Boiling point Melting point Relative density (water = 1) Solubility in water Vapour pressure, (kPa) at 20C Relative vapour density (air = 1): Relative density of the vapour/air-mixture at 20C (air = 1) Flash point Auto-ignition temperature Explosive limits, (vol%) in air Octanol/water partition coefficient as log Pow: Very volatile colorless liquid, with characteristic odour. 68.1 34C -146C 0.7 none 53.2 2.4 1.8 -54C 220C 1.5-8.9 2.30

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Pembentukan Poli-isoprena (alami) Poly-isoprene is a natural rubber with a 2-methyl-1, 3 butadiene monomer. The reaction that occurred with the opening of one double bond and another double bond move. by addition reactions:

PEMBUATAN ISOPRENE SKALA INDUSTRI PEMBUATAN ISOPRENE SKALA RUMAH TANGGA The presence of isoprene in nature Isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene), an unsaturated C-5 hydrocarbon, is emitted in vast amounts from photosynthesizing leaves of many plant species, particularly by trees (Kesselmeier and Staudt, 1999 ). With a global atmospheric carbon flux of approximately 450 million tons of carbon per year, isoprene emissions are a major contributor to the total biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) flux of 1,200 million tons of carbon per year (Guenther et al., 1995 ). Current interest in understanding the biochemical and physiological mechanisms controlling isoprene formation in plants comes from the important role isoprene plays in atmospheric chemistry. Isoprene rapidly reacts with hydroxyl radicals in the atmosphere (Thompson, 1992 ). In the presence of nitric oxides (NOX), the oxidation of isoprene contributes significantly to the formation of ozone, a dominant tropospheric air pollutant (Biesenthal et al., 1997 ). Moreover, isoprene also contributes to the regulation of tropospheric hydroxyl radicals concentration and thus plays an important role in determining the abundance of atmospheric methane, an important greenhouse gas (Chameides et al., 1988 ).

DANGEROUS OF ISOPRENE
PHYSICAL DANGERS: The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible. As a result of flow, agitation, etc., electrostatic charges can be generated. CHEMICAL DANGERS: The substance can readily form explosive peroxides. The substance polymerizes due to heating and under the influence of many materials, with fire or explosion hazard. Reacts with strong oxidants, strong reducing agents, strong acids, strong bases, acid chlorides, alcohols, causing fire and explosion hazard. EFFECTS OF SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE: The substance is irritating to the eyes, the skin and the respiratory tract. The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system, resulting in respiratory depression. Exposure could cause lowering of consciousness.

EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM OR REPEATED EXPOSURE: Lungs may be affected by repeated or prolonged exposure. This substance is possibly carcinogenic to humans. ENVIRONMENTAL DANGER : The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms. ACUTE HAZARDS / SYMPTOMS Extremely flammable. FIRE Vapour/air mixtures are explosive. FIRST AID / FIRE FIGHTING Powder, AFFF, foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

TYPES OF HAZARD / EXPOSURE

PREVENTION NO open flames, NO sparks, and NO smoking. Closed system, ventilation, explosionproof electrical equipment and lighting. Prevent build-up of electrostatic charges (e.g., by grounding). Do NOT use compressed air for filling, discharging, or handling. PREVENT GENERATION OF MISTS!

EXPLOSION

EXPOSURE Burning sensation. Cough. Dizziness. Laboured breathing. Nausea. Shortness of breath. Sore throat. Redness. Pain. Skin Redness. Pain. Eyes

Inhalation

Ventilation. Local exhaust or breathing protection.

Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention. First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then take to a doctor. Rinse mouth. Refer for medical attention.

Protective gloves.

Safety goggles, or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

Ingestion

Abdominal pain. Burning sensation.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.

Istilah penting

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