Information Technology

Information Processed data Prerequisites are accurate, timely, complete, precise, relevant Technology Knowledge generated for the purpose of development of new systems to help in solving practical problem Makes work easy, fast, helpful in performing creative work IT Combination of telecommunications and computing to obtain, process, store, transmit and output information in the form of voice, pictures or text Components of IT are hardware, software, data and people

Role of Information Technology

IT in Business
Electronic Commerce
Includes buying and selling over the Internet, electronic fund transfers, smart cards, digital cash etc

Advantages
Reliability and service Security Cost benefits Marketing

 IT in Manufacturing
Research robotics synchronous and asynchronous support Simulation systems and modelling softwares

IT in Mobile Computing
Mobile Switching Centre

 IT in Public Sector
Ex: Booking of railway tickets and payment of electricity bills Minimizing duplication and sharing of scarce resources

IT in defense Services
Military operators use voice over radio Flexible, timely response Dialogue management, context tracking, language generation, input language understanding, hands-free and eyes-free interaction Ex: pilot-less warplanes

 IT in Media
Print media
Ex: paper

Electronic media
Satellite Uplink

TV Station

Televisions

 IT in Education
Electronic Learning
Computer-based training (CBT) Delivered thru CD-ROM, LAN or Intranet. Web-based training (WBT) Delivered thru and web browser over Intranet or Internet.

Virtual classrooms
Online education from remote places.

IT in Publication
E-text play role in education and research. Digital books (E-books) e.g. Microsoft Reader, Adobe E-book Reader, E-Reader

Careers in IT
Programmer Systems Analyst Network Administrator Database Administrator Web Designers Information Security Analyst Business Process Outsourcing

The Internet
Network of networks (Interconnection and Networks) Evolution of Internet 1960s ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) 1970s TCP/IP 1980s Usenet and email 1990s WWW (World Wide Web) - GUI

Basic Internet terms

Web page or HTML documents Website Home page Browser Graphical Browsers Text Browsers URL (Uniform Resource Locator Structure of URL: Protocol, Host Computer Name, Domain Name, Domain Type, Path, File Name Example: http://www.xyz.com/tutor/start/main.htm Hypertext ISP (Internet Service Provider) Web Server Download and Upload Online and Offline

Getting Connected to Internet

Basic requirements for getting online are:
A TCP/IP enabled computer with a web browser An account with an ISP A telephone line plugged to a suitable socket A modem to connect the computer to the telephone line
Internal Modem External Modem

Types of Internet Connection

Dial-up
Uses telephone lines

ISDN
Digitization of telephone network

Cable Modem
Uses cable TV line

Leased Line
Fixed bandwidth ( fiber optic or copper lines)

DSL
Uses telephone lines and used simultaneously with telephone

Broadband
Satellite connection (two-way and one-way service)

Internet Software
TCP/IP
Used for communication

Dialler Software
Instruct the modem to dial the phone number

Browser
Allows the user to view the information on WWW

Internet Applications
WWW E-mail File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Telnet Internet Relay Chat (IRC) Chatting and Instant Messaging Internet Telephony Video Conferencing
Camera, Visual Display, Audio System, Compression, User Interface and Control system

Commerce through Internet Newsgroups (Usenet) Mailing Lists (List server)

Data Over Internet

Static component Dynamic component
Perl Javascript and Jscript VBScript Active Server Pages (ASP) Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) eXtensible Markup Language (XML) Java