INDEX

Abernethy, John, 152

abjection, 14, 501, 143, 159, 170
accidents, 6, 29
Adams, John, 75, 113, 123
Addison, Joseph, 10, 163
aestheticization, 13, 834, 86, 109, 149, 171
afterlife, 6, 43, 46, 167
agency, xixii, xv, 4, 8, 14, 20, 117, 190
in novels
Burneys, 153, 156, 157, 1667
Clarissa, 545, 57, 60, 634, 68, 73, 78,
82, 156
Haywoods, 25, 29, 39, 47, 116
and failed suicide, 38
and national character, 90
women, 12, 107
see also will (determination)
altruism, xxi, 18, 63, 64, 72, 133, 172, 188
see also self-sacrifice
Alvarez, A., 36
Ambrose, St., 73
Amusements des Anglais Londres (cartoon),
184, 185
Anderson, Benedict, xvii, 17, 19, 50, 189
Andrew, Donna, xviii, 4, 106
anorexia, 57, 612, 63
Antigone, 190
Anti-Jacobobin Examiner, 136
Aquinas, Thomas, 5, 188
Aravamudan, Srinivas, 14
Arblay, Alexandre D, 161, 176
Ardnt, Jamie, 19
Arendt, Hannah, xviii, 23, 24, 27
Armstrong, Nancy, 33
Arnold, Thomas, 179
ars moriendi, 83, 86

asceticism, 57, 166

Astell, Mary, xv, 17
A Serious Proposal to the Ladies, 45, 49
attempted suicide, 3741, 43, 49, 1256,
164
Augustine, St, 54, 63, 66, 87, 188
Against Gaudientius, 75
City of God, 64, 713, 74
automatism, 1667
automata, 154, 1578
autonomy, xiii, xiv, 8, 12, 18, 67, 148, 172,
179
in Clarissa, 55, 567
see also liberty; self-determination; will
(determination)

Copyright
Bage, Robert, 134, 136
Baines, Barbara, 69, 70
Baker, Malcolm, 102
Ballaster, Ros, 29, 37, 45
Barrell, John, 106
Barthes, Roland, 82, 133
Bartin, Margaret Pabst, 62
Baudrillard, Jean, 38, 87
Bayatrizi, Zohyreh, xi, 3
Beccaria, Csarw de, 10
Beckett, William, 110
Behn, Aphra, 92
Bennett, Tony, 4
Bentham, Jeremy, 6
Berlant, Lauren, 23, 24, 27, 41
Berman, Richard, 512
Bhabha, Homi, 86
Bible, 81
Bichat, Xavier, 151, 155
Bindman, David, 102
biopolitics, 23, 189

275

276

Dying to be English: Suicide Narratives and National Identity

biopower, 23, 153, 169, 183

see also vitalism
Birke, Linda, 162
blame, 24, 27, 69, 71, 75, 82, 95, 11720,
129, 147, 156
Blanchot, Maurice ix, 62
Bloch, Ernst, 67
Blount, Charles, 9
Bocchicchio, Rebecca, 37
body, 1, 2, 13, 21, 62, 138, 151, 1867
abject, 170
and Christianity, 1656, 167
corpse, 13
burial practices, xi, 46, 79, 101
dissection, 1, 2
post-mortem, 89
diseased, 10911
as machine, 934, 153, 1657
and mind, 57, 63, 138, 167
in novels
Burneys, xvii, 153, 155, 157, 1659,
1701, 1823
Clarissa, 57, 589, 63, 67, 156, 157
Haywoods, 28, 36, 37, 39
organic,1723
as political resource, 91
porosity, 122
as property, 45, 78, 14, 41, 57
sensibility, 118
and vitalism, 1612
Booth, Peniston, 7
Bordo, Susan, 612
Bowers, Toni, 30
Bradshaigh, Lady, 83
Brewer, John, 131, 132
Britain, xii, xiiixiv, xvi, 89, 234, 47, 51,
11213, 11819
Britishness, xiv, 10, 467, 186
see also Englishness
Bronfen, Elisabeth, 13, 35
Broussais, F.J.V., 151
Brown, Laura, 14
Brown, Ron, 1213, 36, 94, 123
Browne, Thomas, 1
burial practices, 79, 101
for suicides, xi, 46
Burke, Edmund, 170, 171

Burney, Frances, xiii, 20, 143, 1524, 181

Camilla, xvi, 1528, 159, 162, 166, 167,
169, 174, 1823
Evelina, 156
The Wanderer, xvixvii, 1523, 154, 156,
15864, 1658, 16971, 17483
Burrows, George Man, 1789
Burton, Robert, 1, 186
Butler, Alban, 47
Butler, Judith, 13, 17, 60
Bynum, Caroline Walker, 63
Canetto, Silvia Sara, 13, 40, 61
capitalism, 2, 14
Castelli, Elizabeth A., 16, 68, 70, 84, 188
Castle, Terry, 82, 157
Castlereagh, Robert, Viscount, 102, 106,
107
Cato, 118, 133, 163
Chaigneau, William
The History of Jack Connor, 95
Chapone, Sarah, 12
Charleton, Walter, 1
chastity-suicide, 545, 71, 72, 73, 74
Chatterjee, Partha, xiii
Chatterton, Thomas, 1289
Chaucer, Geoffrey, 70
chauvinism, 112
Cheah, Pheng, 172
Cheyne, George, 39, 59, 90, 109, 110,
11112, 138, 151, 165, 166
The English Malady, xvii, 8, 934, 957,
98
Essay on Health and Long Life, 61
Christ, death of, 63, 66, 68, 71, 133
Christianity, 1, 16, 723, 79, 133, 165, 167,
172, 188
in Clarissa, 56, 57, 634, 656, 813,
867
sacrifice, 68, 701
see also Protestantism
chronic suicide, 57
Chung, Ewha, 79, 80
civilization, xvii, 9
Clarke, Bruce, 168
class, social, 956, 979, 1001, 102,
10910, 112
middle class, 667, 1756

Copyright

Index
Clery, E. J., 135, 170
climate, English, 95, 98, 180, 190
climate of discomfort, xii
Cobb, Richard, 90
Cockburn, John, 7
Colley, Linda, 47, 73, 1856
Collier, Jeremy, 39
Colman, George, 945, 102
commemoration, xvxvi
commerce, 89
community, 10, 1820, 24, 190
of martyrs, 73
in novels
Burneys, 176, 182
Clarissa, xv, 545, 71, 7980
Haywoods, xivxv
Love and Madness, xvi
of women, 4650
see also nation
compassion, xii
Connell, Philip, 103
consumer culture, 6, 9, 26, 42, 164
contagion, 11620, 122 124, 127, 1301,
137, 140, 146, 1478, 149, 187
Coopan, Valashini, 25
coroners court, x, 3, 4, 12, 16, 82, 107, 112
Courtville, Ralph, 76
Cowper, William, 39, 89
Crawford, Rachel, 106
crime, xi, 5, 7, 113, 119,1246, 1778
Critchley, Simon, 62, 84
Crocker, Lester, 167
Croft, Herbert
Love and Madness, xiv, xvi, 116, 117, 123,
12432, 142, 145, 149
Croskery, Margaret Case, 29
cross-dressing, 1623
Cubitt, Geoffrey, 119
cultural nationalism, 91, 113

death instinct, 6, 151

death principle, 5
death wish, 28, 29, 36, 43
Christian, 72
in novels
Burneys, 153, 155, 157
Clarissa, 54, 567, 5860, 62, 67,
817, 157
decomposition, 170
Deists, 16
Derrida, Jacques, 17, 24, 50
Descartes, Ren, 63, 64
Desdemona, 1412
desire
female, xiv, 41, 423, 46, 49
in novels
Clarissa, 56
Haywoods, 257, 2930, 32
and suicide, 49
determinism, ix, 55, 89, 142
Diderot, Denis, 151
Dido and Aeneas, 789
discourse, x, 13, 21, 60, 68, 70, 186, 188
disease, 90, 92, 93, 95, 97, 10910, 161
venereal, 105, 10910
Domosh, Mona, 80
Donaldson, Ian, 79
Donne, John, 6, 186
Biathanatos, 63, 66, 745, 81
Donoghue, William, 142, 145
Doody, Margaret Anne, 54
double suicide, 12, 125
Doughty, Oswald, 91
Douglas, Mary, 11
duelling, 67, 137
Durkheim, Emile, 11, 18, 61, 63, 64, 68,
107, 120, 183, 188
duty, 21, 31, 85, 1712
and gender, 173

Copyright

Daily Gazetteer, 89
Davys, Mary
The Reformd Coquet, 40
Dawes, William, 132, 134
death drive, 112, 183, 188
in novels, 1423
Haywoods, 29, 301, 146
The Wanderer, 163

Edensor, Tim, 106, 113

effeminacy, 91, 123, 149
egoistic suicide, 18, 634, 174, 188
Eisenstein, Zillah, 50
electrification, 168
emigration, 10, 86
empathy, 121

277

278

Dying to be English: Suicide Narratives and National Identity

English Malady, xiv, xvxvi, xvii, 8, 9, 14, 15,

50, 53, 76, 8991, 99, 101, 1023, 178,
179, 180, 1867, 188, 190
and disease, 10913
The English Malady, xvii, 8, 934, 957,
98
Englishness/English national identity, xiii
xiv, xv, xvii, 1, 10, 18, 47, 74, 76, 80,
925, 126, 149, 175, 17980, 185, 190
and sensibility, 11517, 1256, 129,
131, 140
Enlightenment, ix, x, 4, 234, 55, 76, 87,
142, 165, 172, 185, 189
enthusiasm, 165, 172
epistolarity, 856, 1245, 143
Esquirol, J. E. D., 40, 179
excess, 257, 29, 31, 34, 91, 105, 117, 123
Love in Excess, 24, 25, 2931
exile, 10, 49, 86, 174, 176
Faber, M. D., 107
failed suicide, 3741, 43, 49, 1256, 164
Fairbairn, Gavin, 28, 37
Falret, J. P., 179
fantasy, 1920, 38, 41, 42, 57, 121, 157
fasting, 53, 612, 75
Faulkner, Benjamin, 179
Fedden, Henry Romilly, 11, 72
felo de se, x
female gothic, 157
female suicide, xiixv, 1015, 20, 612, 76,
1078, 119, 143, 148, 1856, 189
in Burneys novels, 180, 1823
femininity, xiii, 9, 11, 1213, 16, 19, 31,
107, 122, 146, 149, 163
feminism, 1314, 17, 19, 23, 32, 49, 50,
612, 174, 1856
feminization, 1213, 51, 99, 123, 180
Ferguson, Adam, 23
fetishism, 84
Fielding, Henry, 144
Amelia, 91
Joseph Andrews, 91
Fielding, Sarah, 53
Fissell, Mary, 52
Flaubert, Gustave
Madame Bovary, 834
Fliegelman, Jay, 148

Forth, Christopher, 1478

Foucault, Michel, 23, 4, 188
Fouquet, Dr, 161
Foxe, John
Book of Martyrs, 16, 734
France, 161, 176, 181
Croft on, 1267
diseases, 110, 111
in novels
Desmond, 144
Werther, 127, 135
sacrifice in, 20
suicide in, 9, 19, 1267, 1768
freethinkers, 16, 95, 107, 126, 167, 169
French Revolution, 135, 148, 1778
in novels
Desmond, 13940, 141, 147
The Wanderer, 152, 153, 1589, 175,
180
see also Jacobinism
Freud, Sigmund, 6, 26, 39, 142
Mourning and Melancholia, 967
friendship, female, 49

Copyright

Galvani, Luigi, 168

Gardiner, Michael, 44
Gellner, Ernest, 113
gender, xiixviii, 4, 1017, 201, 23, 31, 40,
1223, 149, 187, 190
ideology, 86
and nation, 501
and sensibility, 143
see also feminity; masculinity; women
Gentlemans Magazine, 96
geography, 51
Germany, 115,116, 11718, 123, 1278,
130, 135
Gidal, Eric, 8
Giddens, Anthony, 58
Gildon, Charles, 910, 48
Gilroy, Amanda, 13
Giraud, Ren, 20
Goethe, Johann von, 115, 117, 121, 123
The Sorrows of Young Werther, 11524,
12731, 1327, 142, 145, 147,
1489
in Emmeline, 137
review, 1278
see also Werther effect

Index
Goldhammer, Jesse, 139
Goodden, Avery, 174
Gordon, Paul, 55, 57
gothic, 51, 1012, 1567, 169, 176, 181,
182
female, 157
government, 98
see also politics
Grainger, Lydia, 30
Modern Amours, 3940
Gray, Thomas, 102
Greenfeld, Liah, 74
Gregory, George, 168
Grenby, M. O., 135
Grosley, Pierre
Tour to London, 94
Grosz, Elizabeth, 11, 32, 162
Guerini, Anita, 99
guilt, 71, 148
Hacking, Ian, 5
Hackman, James, 12432
Dawes on, 132
execution, 1312, 134
Hales, James, 734
Haller, William, 74
Hannaway, Caroline, 161
Harris, John, 47
Hartley, David, 59, 152, 166
Hays, Mary, 147
Haywood, Eliza, xiii, xivxv, 2452
The British Recluse, xv, 24, 256, 32,
3351, 116
The City Jilt, 26, 27, 28
The Double Marriage, 25, 312, 41
Fantomina, 45
The Fatal Secret, 32
The Female Spectator, 27, 51, 94
The History of Miss Betsy Thoughtless, 42,
111
The Husband, in Answer to the Wife, 47
Idalia, 28
The Injurd Husband, 25, 30
Love in Excess, 24, 25, 2931
Reflections on the Various Effects of Love,
257, 36, 42
Healy, Rachel, 16
Heyd, Michael, 165

279

Higonnet, Margaret, 9, 13
Hill, Timothy, 70
Hinton, Laura, 66
history, 52, 612, 76
Hobbes, Thomas, 5
Hobsbawm, Eric, 113
Hoeveler, Diane Long, 137
Holcroft, Thomas, 136, 169
Houlbrooke, Ralph, 182
Hudson, Nicholas, 10, 46
Humane Society (later Royal Humane Society), xvi, 2, 10, 45, 1689
Hume, David, 68, 15, 29, 52, 1201, 163,
164, 166, 172, 179
Hunter, J. Paul, 19, 31
Huston, Rab, 119
Hutchinson, John, 91
hysteria, 379, 41, 112
identity, 1920, 25, 31, 41, 501, 154, 189
in Clarissa, 81
Crofts model, 1245
spectral, 46
see also national character/identity; self
ideology, 35, 7, 20, 867
imitation, 1201, 130, 146, 147, 163
Imlay,Gilbert, 160
India, 189
individualism, ix, xvii, 4, 1819, 44, 66, 134,
149, 189
in Clarissa, 55, 64
insanity/mental illness (non compos mentis),
x, xii, 65, 989, 112, 187
in novels
Love and Madness, xiv, xvi, 116, 117,
123, 12432, 142, 145, 149
The Wanderer, 167

Copyright

Jacobinism, 117, 134, 1356, 140, 145, 146,

148, 174, 188
Anti-Jacobin Examiner, 136
anti-Jacobins, 116
Jameson, Frederic, 20
Jed, Stephanie, 69
Jeffery, John, 1011
Jennings, Bruce, 2
Jerome, 73
Jerusalem, Karl Wilhelm, 121

280

Dying to be English: Suicide Narratives and National Identity

Job, 81
Johnson, Claudia, 14, 123, 143, 163
Johnson, Samuel
Dictionary, 12
Jones, Vivien, 163
judgement, xi, xii
justice, 134, 1445
poetic, xv, xvi,145
Kant, Immanuel, 7, 52, 85, 1713, 189
Keymer, Thomas, 67
Kierkegaard, Sren, 78
King, Kathryn, 51
Knaggs, Thomas, 59
Knox, Vicesimus, 15
Kristeva, Julia, 17, 71
Kumar, Krishnan, 47, 74
Kushner, Howard, xii, 11, 13, 38, 57, 107
La Berge, Ann F., 161
La Mettrie, Julien, 166
Lacan, Jacques, 42
LaCapra, Dominick, 34
Lacaze, Louis de la, 173
Lacquer, Thomas, 187
Laennec, R. T.H., 161
Lamb, Jonathan, 81
Lanser, Susan, 49
Latin, 2
Lawrence, William, 152
Leder, Drew, 162
Leenars, Antoon, 187
Leman, Charlotte
The Female Quixote,42
leniency, x
Lenz, J. M. R., 121
Lvi-Strauss, Claude, 20
liberty, 8, 11819, 181
see also autonomy
life, 28, 30, 41, 151, 172
culture of, 152
sanctity, 167
see also vitalism
life instinct/principle, 5, 112, 1556, 163,
166, 168, 181
Lind, Vera, 139
Literary Magazine and British Review, 6
Livy, Titus, 69

Locke, John, 4, 7, 44
London Bills of Mortality, 9
London Corresponding Society, 136, 140
London Magazine, 94, 95, 126, 127, 131
loss, 25, 42
love, 259, 423, 48
Love in Excess, 24, 25, 2931
self-love, 5
love suicide, 245, 107
Lowe, Brigid, 1212
Luckacs, Georg, 84
Lucretia, 53, 54, 6870, 713, 74, 769, 83
luxury, xvii, 90, 93, 99, 1015, 1089, 179
Lynch, Deirdre, 67
Macaulay, Catherine
Letters on Education, 53
MacDonald, Michael, x, 1516, 35, 41,
1289
Mackenzie, Henry
The Man of Feeling, 117
Mackintosh, Sir John, 96
male suicide, xii, xvi, 1112, 14, 1057, 148,
1623
Mandeville, Bernard, 6, 31, 166
Mann, Barbara, 93
marriage, 17, 181
Marsh, Ian, 3, 153
martyrdom, x, xi, 3, 7, 726, 187, 188
Book of Martyrs, 16, 734
Christian, 16, 70, 723, 745, 83
in novels
Burneys, 1745
Clarissa, xv, 55, 57, 61, 63, 64, 68,
723, 78, 834, 188
Desmond, 141, 145
female, 17, 867
Hackman, 1323
national, 74
political, 139
masculinity, 13, 16, 267, 31, 36, 40, 67, 68,
79, 123, 148
materialism, 165, 169, 172
materiality, 91, 102, 106, 1678, 1867
Matthes, Melissa, 701, 77
Maturin, Charles
Melmoth the Wanderer, 169
McAllister, M. E. 110

Copyright

Index
McClintock, Anne, 76, 181, 185, 189
McKenna, Andrew, 176
McKeon, Michael, 15, 23, 24, 121, 130, 146
mechanism, 1, 13, 934, 152, 153, 1658,
172, 181, 183
medicalization, xixii, 2
melancholy, 27, 42, 45, 75, 76, 8990, 93,
957, 99, 126, 128, 166, 183, 1857
memory, 80
Menninger, Karl, 57, 84
mental illness see insanity
Merritt, Juliette, 32
Messer-Davidow, Ellen, 63
methods, 36, 67
middle class, 667, 96, 1756
Miller, Nancy, 31
Millot, Abb, 8
Minois, Georges, ix, x, 9, 72, 96
Mizruchi, Susan, 20
Monta, Susannah, 75, 83
Montaigne, Michel de, 36
Monthly Review, 1434
monuments, 1015, 1067
Moore, Charles
A Full Inquiry into the Subject of Suicide,
10, 115, 117, 118, 121, 122, 123, 125,
127, 130, 134, 135, 148
Morrissey, Susan, xviii, 16
mors Romana, 64
mors voluntaria, 63, 69, 70, 72, 83, 187
Mortensen, Peter, 116, 146
mortification, 57, 154, 165
Mostov, Julie, 19
mothers, 19, 50
mourning, xi, xv, 17, 19, 20, 103, 121
in Clarissa, 80, 176
Mourning and Melancholia, 967
murder, 124
-suicide, 1256, 128, 132
see also self-murder
Murphy Terence, x, 1516, 35, 41

281

and sacrifice, xiixiii, 18, 20, 1734

and self-sacrifice, 73
national character/identity, xiixiv, xvixvii,
1920, 46, 50, 8991, 119, 131, 140,
152, 173, 17680, 188
see also Englishness
nationalism, xviii, 10, 16, 17, 1819, 106,
1769, 181, 188
British, 99
cultural, 91
English, 74
mourning, 80
in novels
Clarissa, 79, 80
Haywoods, 48, 50
Rome, 77, 79
natural law, 57, 667, 148, 1878
in Clarissa, 54, 657
nature, 108, 134, 182
negative suicide, 68, 73, 75
Newman, Gerald, 178
Newton, Thomas, 1012
non compos mentis, see insanity
Novak, Max, 9, 117, 129
novel-reading, 91, 122, 146
novels, eighteenth century., ix, x, xiixiii,
37, 917, 1921, 23, 129, 186,
18990
defended in Desmond, 1446
epistolary, 1434
gothic, 1823
secret history, xiv, 24, 30, 40, 45, 46
of sensibility, 140, 1423
see also under names of authors

Copyright

nation (state), 5, 9, 234, 25, 86, 18890

birth, 79
-building, 50, 113, 148, 181
gendered, 501
in novels
Clarissa, 7680
Haywoods, 467

other, 9, 19, 41, 50, 117, 189

pain, 1701, 180
see also suffering
parasuicide, 25
passivity, 68, 1412, 143, 162
in Clarissa, 55, 57, 60, 61, 68, 78, 86
English, 8990, 97, 113
Pateman, Carole, 122
pathologization, xixii, xiii, xvii, 5, 83, 89, 90
pathology, 186
forensic, xi
social, 134

282

Dying to be English: Suicide Narratives and National Identity

patriarchal authority, 27, 51, 56, 163

patriotism, xi, xvii, 467, 105, 173, 185
chauvinism, 112
penalty see punishment
Pettman, J., J.,79
Pliny, 163
Pocock, J. G. A., 47
poetic justice, xv, xvi
poison, 26, 44, 146
politics, xvii, 4, 5, 78, 119, 140, 1489, 173,
1856, 187
biopolitics, 23, 189
French, 20
Roman, 77
Porter, Roy, 96, 109
post-mortems, 89
poverty, 60, 98, 1001
prayer, 60
Preston, William, 123, 135
Priestley, Joseph, 152
Prince, John, 9
print culture, ix, xiv, xvi, 3, 434, 119,
1245, 126, 129, 189
private sphere, 234, 27, 445, 467, 189
property rights, 45, 8
Protestantism, xiv, 16, 18, 47, 55, 73, 74, 83,
173, 189
public sphere, xi, xiii, 34, 89, 14, 235,
27, 445, 467, 106, 131, 1634
Pufendorf, Samuel, 66
punishment/penalty, xi, 12, 38, 51
Puritanism, 634, 65, 110
Pythagoras, 171

religion, xi, 12, 14, 1617, 51, 58, 83, 166

in Clarissa, xv, 57, 61
seclusion, 478
see also Christianity; Protestantism
Renan, Ernst, 80, 86
repetition, 60
resacralization, 87
resuscitation, 2, 1689
revenge, 278, 32, 77, 79
revolution, xiii, xvi, 148, 176
see also French Revolution
Richardson, Samuel, 7, 187
Clarissa, xiv, xv, 12, 6, 20, 31, 48,
5387, 145, 156, 157, 188
Meditations, 72, 81
in Gazetteer, 76
Pamela, 54, 73
Sir Charles Grandison, 54, 67, 86
Richetti, John, 28
rights, 23, 8, 21, 171
to death, 5, 87, 167
to live, 44
property, 45, 8
Robert, Marthe, 121
Rogers, Katharine, 142, 163
Romani, Roberto, 1801
Romanticism, 117, 152, 181, 182, 190
Rome, ancient, 13, 6870, 712, 73, 74, 77,
789, 97
Cato, 118, 133, 168
see also Lucretia
Romilly, Sir Charles, 106, 107
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 118, 135
Julie, 68, 143, 147
Routledge, Clay, 1920
Rowe, Nicholas, 103
Rowley, William, 11819, 123, 179
Royal College of Surgeons, 152
Royal Humane Society, see Humane Society
Rysbrack, Michael, 103

Copyright

Radcliffe, Anne
The Mysteries of Udolpho, 156
rape, 534, 57, 66, 69, 712, 77, 79
Ray, Martha, 1246 131, 132
Raymond, Diane, 17
reading, 128
novels, 91, 122, 146
realism, 834
rebellion, 73
recluse, term, 47
The British Recluse, xv, 24, 256, 32,
3351, 116
rehabilitation, 176, 186, 189

sacrifice, xxiv, xvii, 7, 13, 1621, 18890

Christian, 68, 701
female, xv, 86
Hackman, 1313
and nation, xiixiii, 1057, 132, 1735
in novels, 1489
Burneys, 1756

Index
Clarissa, 701
Haywoods, 312, 41, 42
Lydia, 93
see also self-sacrifice
Savage, Richard
The Wanderer, 169
Saxton, Kirsten T., 28
Scarry, Elaine, 171
Schmitt, Cannon, 181
Scott, Sarah
Millennium Hall, 47
Seager, Joni, 80
secret history, xiv, 24, 30, 40, 45, 46
secularization, 1516, 20, 188
self, 28, 35, 36, 55, 57, 62, 64, 65, 164, 174,
1878, 189
social, xv
see also identity
self-conciousness, 52
self-destruction, xiii, xiv, 2, 18, 20, 36, 52,
57, 61, 67, 102, 187
self-determination, ix, xv, 54, 67
see also autonomy
self-love, 5
self-murder (felo de se), 2, 6, 7, 1011, 28,
38, 43, 61, 108, 115
in Clarissa, 56, 57
in Love and Madness, 125
self-neglect, 61, 67
self-preservation, 10, 11, 623, 170, 173
instinct, 6, 43, 151, 188
self-sacrifice, 10, 20, 41, 148, 174, 189
Christ, 68
Donne on, 745
and love suicide, 1078
and nation, 19, 73
in novels
in Clarissa, xv, 55, 73, 76, 86
Werther, 1334
women, x, 14, 17
Sena, John, 110
sensation, 1256, 12930
sensibility, xvi, 79, 91, 96, 11718, 1223,
125, 133, 140, 142, 1478, 149, 165
gendering, 143
sexuality, 32, 84, 111
see also desire; gender
shame, xii, 30, 31, 77, 96, 128

283

Shaw, Jane, 16
Shebbeare, John, 20, 903, 97103, 187
Letter to the People of England, 107
Letters on the English Nation, 30, 98
Lydia, xvxvi, 6, 903, 98101, 1026,
10713, 116
Practice of Physick, 91
Second Letter to the People of England,
97, 99
Shelley, Mary, 168
Sheridan, Frances
Memoirs of Miss Sidney Bidulph, 117, 142
Siebers, Tobin, 133
Siena, Kevin, 100
sin, 5, 57, 82
slavery, 78
Smith, Adam, 1201
Smith, Bridget and Richard, 12, 107, 126,
134
Smith, Charlotte, 134, 135, 136, 1409
The Banished Man, 138
Celestina, 1378
Desmond, xvi, 18, 19, 116, 117, 123, 135,
13842, 1437
Emmeline, 1367
letters, 138
sonnets, 135
The Wanderings of Warwick, 138
Smith, Dorothy, 3
social contract, 2, 5, 6, 86, 170, 186
Sophronia, 74
soul, 152, 165, 167, 173
spectacle, 1256, 1624
spectrality, 25, 46, 50, 171
spirituality of annihilation, 72
spleen, 39, 91, 186
see also melancholy
Springborg, Mary, 111
Stachniewski, John, 65
Stal, Germaine de, 11920, 153, 1634,
1734, 178, 1803
The Influence of the Passions, 181
Jane Gray, 174
Reflxions sur le suicide, 156, 172, 173,
180
Stahl, Georg Ernest, 161
Starr, G. Gabrielle, 75
state see nation

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284

Dying to be English: Suicide Narratives and National Identity

Sterne, Laurence
Tristram Shandy, 91
stigma, xi, 8, 38, 73, 8990, 95, 110, 115,
126, 129, 165, 179
Strenski, Ivan, 18, 20
sublimity, 136, 139, 160, 16972
suffering, 734, 81, 142, 161, 171, 190
Christ, 68
pain, 1701, 180
see also martyrdom
Suglia, Joseph,41
suicide, term, 12
Suicide, The, 94
suicide attempts, 29
suicide bombers, xi
suicide notes, x, 41
in novels
Haywoods, 356, 41
Lydia, 99100
Richard and Bridget Smith, 107, 126
survivors, xxi, 4, 19
Sweet, Rosemary, 112
Sym, John, 45
sympathy, 29, 1202

female, 29, 30, 55, 69, 76, 77, 101, 173

vitalism, xvixvii, 1513, 1556, 1612,
1679, 1813
organismic, 1723
Walpole, Horace, 102
war, 1712
Weaver, John, x
Welbery, Caroline, 121
Werther effect, xiv, xvi, 19, 11523,
12731, 13243, 145, 146, 149, 188,
Westminster Abbey, 1012, 1034, 111
Wikborg, Eleanor, 140
will (determination), ix, 18, 38, 64, 123, 131,
134, 143, 148, 149, 157
free, 67, 87
to live, 86, 87
Lucretia, 69
in novels
Clarissa, 54, 55, 5760, 613, 65,
678, 73, 82
Haywoods, 29, 30, 49
see also agency; death wish
will (testamentary), 601, 79, 85
Williams, Helen Maria, 136
Julia, 147
Wilson, Kathleen, xiv
Wolf, Susan M., 17
Wolfe, Alan, 44
Wolff, Cynthia, 634
Wollstonecraft, Mary, 32, 15960
women, 235, 267, 76, 1801, 1857
identity, 68
see also female suicide; femininity;
feminism
World, The, 1, 10, 76, 96

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Tate, Nahum
Present to the Ladies, 36
Taylor, Martha, 62
Thompson, E. P., 147
Thompson, Peggy, 68
time, 1, 27, 73, 845
Timmons, Jeffrey, 15
Tissot, S. A. D., 122, 128, 148
transnationalism, xvi, xvii, 10, 19, 126, 127,
149, 152, 175, 182, 189, 190
Truman, James C. W. 16, 74
Trumpener, Katie, 47
Vaughn, Genevieve, 14
venereal disease, 105, 10911, 113
victimhood, ix, 14, 27, 32, 51, 54
violence, 28, 125, 149
virtue, 10, 48, 923, 105
British, 8

Young, Edward, 82
Night Thoughts, 184, 185
Zias, Heather, 66
Zigarovich, Jolene, 84
Ziek, Slavoj, 41, 81
Zomchick, John, 67