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Lingayas University
B .T ech 1 s t Y ear (T erm I II ) E xamin ation May 2011 Ap p lied Ph ys ics (PH - 102) [Time: 3 Hours] [Max. Marks: 100]

Before answering the question, candidate should ensure that they have been supplied the correct and complete question paper. No complaint in this regard, will be entertained after examination.

Note: Attempt five questions in all. All questions carry equal

marks. Question no. 1 (Section A) is compulsory. Select two questions from Section B and two questions from Section C. Section A Q-1. Part A Select the correct answer of the following multiple choice questions. [10 1=10] (i) The Concentration of Frenkel defects depends upon (a) Average energy required to produce Frenkel defect (b) Temperature (c) Both a & b (d) None (ii) The wave function for a particle in 1-D box of length L for ground state is, (A is constant) n x (a) = A sin (b) = A sin
L nx (c) = Asin L L

(d) = A sin

2 x

(iii) The Wiedemann Franzs law is

L T (c) K = LT

(a)

(b)

(d) none (iv) At T=0 K, E> EF, The Fermi Dirac function approaches to (a) Unity (b) Zero (c) Infinite (d) None (v) At T=0K, the semiconductor behaves as (a) Conductor (b) Superconductor (c) Insulator (d) None (vi) Minority carriers in n-type semiconductors are (a) Electrons (b) Holes (c) Protons (d) Phonons (vii) The temperature of inversion is (a)
2a Rb

= LT

(b)

2b Ra

(c)

ab 2R

(d)

Rb 2a

(viii) In case of monoatomic gases (a) Cp + CV= R

Cv (c) C = 1.66 p

(b)

Cp Cv

= 1.66

(d) Cv = Cp+R

(ix) According to Meissner effect, the superconductor is (a) Paramagnetic (b) Ferromagnetic (c) Diamagnetic (d) Ferrimagnetic (x) The orbital motion of electrons is linked with (a) Diamagnetism (b) Para magnetism (c) Ferromagnetism (d) None Q-1. Part B

What is H.C.P? Find the ratio of height of unit cell to nearest neighbour distance in it. Give the coordination number and packing fraction in it. [8+2] Section B Q-2. (a) (b) What are atomic magnetic moments? Define them. Obtain an expression for Bohr magneton, give its unit. [3+3] Explain in brief how domains are formed in ferromagnetic materials? Discuss the effect on domains when ferromagnetic materials are kept in external fields. [4+4] Distinguish between paramagnetic and diamagnetic materials. [6] Write a short note on Meissner effect, Type-I and Type-II superconductors. [10] What are persistent currents in superconductors? Derive an equation in relation to them. [10] Classify the materials into conductors, insulators and semiconductors based on band theory of solids with necessary diagrams. [9] Write a Brief note on Brillouin zones and holes. [5] Give a short note on nanomaterials and their applications. [6] Section C Calculate the glancing angle on the plane (101) of a crystal (cubic) whose lattice constant is 2.8280 A corresponding to 3rd order maximum for the x-rays of 0.7120 A. [5] Topaz has a ratio of a:b:c equal to 0.529:1:0.477. Find the miller indices of faces whose intercepts are as follows: 3

(c)

Q-3. (a) (b)

Q-4. (a)

(b) (c)

Q-5. (a)

(b)

0.264 : 1 : 0.238 1.057 : 1 : 0.954 0.529 : : 0.159 (c)

[5]

In a crystalline material the fraction of vacancies is observed to be 10-10 at 500oC. Calculate the fraction of vacancies at 1000oC. Also calculate the average energy required to create one vacancy. [10]

Q-6. (a) (b)

Derive an expression for the Fermi Energy of a free electron in a metal at 0K. [10] Calculate the Fermi energy at 0K of the following metals using the data given as follows: [10] Li Density (g|cm3) Atomic weight 0.534 6.939 K 0.86 39.202

Q-7. (a)

Find out the energy eigen values and the normalized energy eigen function for a particle in one dimensional box using Schrdinger equation. [14] Calculate the lowest energy of a neutron confined to the nucleus, by considering the nucleus as a cubical box with size 10-14 m. [6]

(b)

Q-8.

Deduce Maxwells velocity distribution Law and hence find out expressions for mean velocity, Root mean square velocity and most probable speed. [20] 4