IT R&D Global Leader

Potential Technologies for Beyond Mobile Research Activites of ETRI IMT-Advanced

September 10, 2010 Young-Jo Ko Next Generation Mobile Communication Research Team

Outline
Market demands and solutions Potential technologies for Beyond IMT-Advanced
Multi-point transmission/reception
DAS, 3GPP CoMP

Heterogeneous network
Pico, femto cells, interference coordination

Large-scale (or massive) MIMO Machine-type communications Device to device communications Others
Energy-saving Positioning

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Market demands and solutions

Recent developments in the market
Explosive growth of wireless traffic
Large screen mobile devices e.g. smartphones, laptops Multimedia applications 66x traffic growth between 2008 and 2013 (Cisco)

Increase of machine-type data traffic

Data traffic not involving humans

New applications and services

Location based services Applications based on peer-to-peer cooperation/communication

Environment-friendly green radios

Low-power consumption Reduction of greenhouse gas emission

Demand for low cost per bit

Reduced OPEX

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Market demands and solutions

Technological solutions to the demands
Higher spectral efficiency per area
Multi-point transmission/reception: DAS or CoMP Heterogeneous networks Device-to-Device communications Large-scale MIMO

Support for new applications and services

Accurate positioning Machine-type communication Device-to-Device communication

Green radios
Network/UE power saving

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Multi-point transmission/reception
Distributed Antenna System (DAS)
Joint transmission and reception across distributed antenna sites Types of DAS
Type 1: Antenna units are located in different geographic positions within the cell. Type 2: Antenna units are located over multiple cell sites.

Deployment scenarios
eNB with remote radio heads (RRH)
Connection via Radio over Fiber (RoF) One large aggregated cell with antennas distributed over RRHs ->Type 1 DAS Multi-cells with each RRH acting as a single cell -> Type 2 DAS

Cooperative eNBs with fast connection to each other

Connection via RoF or over-the-air (OTA) relaying In addition to eNBs managing their own cell, inter-eNB cooperation is required for multicell transmission -> Type 2 DAS

Centralized antenna system

DAS with RRHs -5-

Multi-point transmission/reception
Benefits of DAS
Joint transmission and reception across distributed antenna sites
Improves the coverage of high data rates, the cell-edge throughput and/or to increase system throughput

Increased capability of distributed MIMO

Independent fading between different antenna units Larger capacity expected than in the traditional collocated MIMO

DAS with cooperative multi-eNBs

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Multi-point transmission/reception
3GPP CoMP
Coordinated multiple point transmission and reception LTE-Advanced Study Item (~ June 2011) CoMP categories:
Joint Processing (JP): data is available at each point in CoMP cooperating set Joint Transmission: PDSCH transmission from multiple points (part of or entire CoMP cooperating set) at a time Dynamic cell selection: PDSCH transmission from one point at a time (within CoMP cooperating set) Coordinated Scheduling/Beamforming (CS/CB): data is only available at serving cell (data transmission from that point) but user scheduling/beamforming decisions are made with coordination among cells corresponding to the CoMP cooperating set.
Cell B

Cell B

HB

HB Interference Signal Cell A Cell A HA Interference HC UE

Cell A Cell A

UE HA HC Cell C

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Multi-point transmission
Further enhancement of 3GPP CoMP
Enhancement of downlink CoMP Uplink CoMP
Multi-cell joint detection

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Heterogeneous networks
Heterogeneous deployment
Overlay of higher powered and low powered cells
Low power nodes are placed throughout a macro-cell layout Increase spectral efficiency per area

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Heterogeneous networks
Low power nodes
Pico, Femto, Remote Radio Head (RRH), Relay nodes
Hotzone cell (pico cell): typically planned deployments and open to all UEs HeNB (femto cell): consumer deployed and Closed Subscribed Group (CSG)

Interference problems in heterogeneous networks

Large interference due to restricted access
Femto (with CSG) Macro interference Femto Femto interference

Large interference due to range expansion

Pico Macro interference

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Massive MIMO
Large-scale or massive MIMO
Beyond LTE: Hundreds of Base Station Antennas! , T. L. Marzetta et al (Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent) Extra base station antennas always help
+ eventually produce inter-cellular interference-limited operation + eliminates effects of uncorrelated noise and fast fading + compensate for poor-quality channel-state information

Multiuser MIMO, Perfect CSI at the transmitter

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Massive MIMO
Summary of limit analysis Multi-cellular TDD scenario, 42 terminals served per cell 500 sec coherence interval (7 OFDM symbols): 3 reverse-link pilots, 1 idle, 3 data
OFDM: 20 MHz bandwidth, cyclic prefix 4.76 sec Fading: Fast + log-normal shadow (8 dB) + geometric (3.8 power)

No inter-cell cooperation

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Massive MIMO
Cons
Requires to use TDD How to put ~ 100 Tx antennas at the cell site?
Cost, space

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Machine-type Communication
Machine-Type Communication (MTC or M2M)
Data communication between devices or device(s) and server(s) that does not necessarily require human interaction M2M characteristics
a massive number of devices data communications to a large extent, little traffic per device infrequent communication diversified QoS requirement low mobility devices that do not move, move only within a certain region low power consumption group based device management & communication

M2M applications
Smart metering: power, gas, water, etc E-health: remote monitoring and diagnostics Consumer electronics Tracking & tracing
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Machine-type Communication
3GPP MTC
System Improvements for MTC
System architectural enhancements and the related optimizations for 3GPP C ore Network Key aspects Addressing and identifiers Signaling overhead and congestion Group management

Radio Access Network Improvement for MTC

Improvements for the efficient use of RAN resources while keeping the compl exity due to M2M optimizations at a minimum level Key aspects RAN overload control : mass concurrent data and signaling transmission may cause intolerabl e delays, packet loss or even service unavailability. RAN level mechanis ms to protect the overload, especially for RACH overload, are needed.

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Device-to-Device communications
Device-to-Device communications (D2D)
As an underlay to a cellular network
Multi-hop relaying to/from the eNB Direct peer-to-peer communications

Applications
Local ad hoc networking New types of short range services Data intensive short range peer-to peer communications

D2D communications share the same resources with the cellular communication -> Increases the spectral efficiency

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Device-to-Device communications
Device-to-Device communications
Required functions
UE paring or clustering mechanism/procedure eNB UE control procedure for D2D New frame structure for D2D transmission Interference management Depending on resource allocation: dedicated or cellular resources Power control of D2D links Link adaptation CSI estimation H-ARQ process

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