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SYMBOL
VALUE
1 2 3 4
Dimension of the grid in E alignment direction (m): Dimension of the grid in N alignment direction (m): Soil resistivity (Ohm*m): Total enclosed area by ground grid (m2): STEP 2 CONDUCTOR SIZE Symmetrical grid current (A): Duration of fault current (s): Material thermal capacity per unit volume in Joules/cm3/C: Ground conductor thermal coefficient of resistivity at 0 C: Ground conductor thermal coefficient of resistivity at reference temperature of 20 C: Ground conductor resistivity at reference temperature of 20 C: Ko = 1 / 0 Maximum allowable temperature (C): Ambient temperature (C): Required conductor cross-section (mm2): Actual conductor cross-section (mm2): STEP 3
LE LN A
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ig tc TCAP 0 t t Ko Tm Ta Sm Sr
16 17 18 19 20
TOUCH & STEP CRITERIA Surface layer thickness (m): Surface layer resistivity (Ohm*m): Surface layer derating factor: Tolerable touch voltage (V): Tolerable step voltage (V): STEP 4 INITIAL DESIGN No. of parallel conductors in E alignment direction (m) No. of parallel conductors in N alignment direction (m) Spacing between parallel conductors in E alignment direction (m) Spacing between parallel conductors in N alignment direction (m) Number of ground rods: Length of each ground rod (m): Grid burial depth (m): Total length of grid conductor (m): Total effective length of grounding system conductor (m): STEP 5
hs s Cs Etouch50 Estep50
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
Nr Lr h Lc LT
30
Rg
1.1375
31
IgxRg<Etouch50?
NO
Page 1
80811017.xls
STEP 8 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 MESH & STEP VOLTAGES Corrective weighting factor: Corrective weighting factor: Peripheral length of the grid (m): Geometric factor: Geometric factor: Geometric factor: Geometric factor: Geometric factor: Diameter of the conductor (m): Spacing factor for mesh voltage: Correction factor for grid geometry: Effective length for mesh voltage: Actual mesh voltage (V): Spacing factor for step voltage: Effective length for step voltage: Actual step voltage (V): STEP 9 48 Em<Etouch? STEP 10 49 Es<Estep? YES YES Kii Kh Lp na nb nc nd n d Km Ki Lm Em Ks Ls Es 1 1.32 408 4.60 1.01 1.00 1.00 4.65 0.02 1.20 1.33 1,020.68 330.33 0.23 748.32 86.40
Page 2
80811017.xls
APPLIED EQUATIONS
A= L E L N
K0=
S m=
11
1 0
Ig
14
ln
K 0 T m K 0 T a
t c t t 10 TCAP
0 . 09 1
18
C s =1
2 h s 0 . 09
touch
19
0 . 116 t
20
E s t e = 1 0 06 C s s 0 p
L T = L C N r xL r
Rg=
0.1 1 6 t
29
30
1 1 1 1 L T 20 A 1h 20/ A
]
(ho=1 m reference depth of grid)
32 33
35
36
nb =
Lp 4 A
37 38 39
n= n an bn cn d
4S d= 1000
K m= K ii D2h 2 h 1 D2 8 ln ln 2 16 h d 8Dd 4 d Kh 2n1
40
41
{[
42
K i =0. 6440.148 n
L M = L C 1 . 551 . 22
I g Km Ki LM
43
Lr 2 LE L2 N
Lr N r
44
E m=
K s=
Page 3
1 1 1 1 10.5 n2 2h hD D
80811017.xls
45
K s=
1 1 1 1 10.5 n2 2h hD D
46
47
Page 4
80811017.xls