CEN463 NetworkProgramming

06 TCPClient/ / ServerExample S E l
Dr.Mostafa HassanDahshan
CollegeofComputerandInformationSciences

KingSaudUniversity

TCPClient/ServerExample
Useelementarysocketfunctions WritecompleteTCPclient/serverexample TCPechoserverandclient(version1) TCP echo server and client (version 1)
clientreadslinefromstdin,sendittoserver serverreadslinefromnetwork,echobacktoclient clientreadsechoedline,printsittostdout ,p

Concurrentserverusingfork
createnewchildprocessforeachconnection hild f h i
2

EchoClientandServer

stdin stdout

fgets fputs Client

writeline readline

readline Server writeline

EchoClientandServer
tcpecho1_srv.c tcpecho1_cli.c

Server:main Function
TCPsocketcreated Addressstructurefilled
wildcardaddressINADDR_ANY wildcard address INADDR ANY wellknownportSRV_PORT

Portnumberchoice
>1023:avoidconflictwithreservedports p >5000:avoidconflictwithBSDephemeralports <49152:avoidconflictwithcorrectephemeralports < 49152: avoid conflict with correct ephemeral ports
5

ConcurrentServer
Foreachclient,fork spawnchildtohandleit Childcloseslisteningsocket(copy) Parentclosesconnectedsocket(copy) Parent closes connected socket (copy) Childcallsstr_echo tohandleclient Notes
parentdoesn tcallwait parent doesnt call wait finishedchildbecomeszombie process
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Server:str_echo Function
Createbuffertoreaddatafromsocket whilelooponread (sameasrecv)function
blockuntildataisreceivedor? block until data is received or? returnwhenconnectionisclosedbyclient

write (send)databacktosocket

Client:main Function
GetserverIPaddressfromuser
argc:parametercount(<2:noparameters) argv[0]: alwaysnameoftheprogram argv[1]: firstpassedparameter(serverIP)

Useinet_pton toconvertIPaddress Use inet pton to convert IP address

checkifuserenteredinvalidaddress

Client:main Function
CreateTCPsocket Filladdressstructure
serverIPaddressenteredbyuser server IP address entered by user serverportSRV_PORT hardcoded

Connecttoserver
checkthatconnectionsuccessful

Callstr_cli functiontohandleuserinput
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Client:str_cli Function
Twobufferstoholduserinputandserverecho Readfromstdin (default:keyboard) fgets keeps reading until keepsreadinguntil
MAX_SEND_BUF isreached(256characters) EOF(NULL)characterisentered EOLcharacterisentered(userpressEnter) ( p )

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Client:str_cli Function
write buffertosocket strlen getlengthofinputstring(nullterminated)

read back from socket backfromsocket

blockuntilserversendsoneresponse
thereisacatch..responsemightrequiremultiplereads h i h i h i li l d unlikelyforsmallsizepacketasinthiscase

fputs receiveddatatostdout (screen)

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NormalStartup(Server)
Startserverinthebackground ./tcpecho1_srv & [ ] [1] 7673 :processID(pid) p (p ) Servercalls:socket,bind,listen,accept Checkstateoftheserver h k f h ./netstat -atn
Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5555 0.0.0.0:* State LISTEN

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NormalStartup(Client)
Startclient ./tcpecho1_cli 127.0.0.1 Clientcallsocket,connect Client call socket connect After3wayhandshake
connectreturnsinclient acceptreturnsinserver p

13

NormalStartup
netstat -atn
servers connected socket servers listening li t i socket k t State LISTEN ESTABLISHED ESTABLISHED Active I t A ti Internet connections ( t ti (servers and established) d t bli h d) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5555 0.0.0.0:* tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:5555 127.0.0.1:59759 tcp t 0 0 127 0 0 1 59759 127.0.0.1:59759 127.0.0.1:5555 127 0 0 1 5555

ps fo pid,ppid,stat,args
PID 7618 7673 7680 680 7679
pid of parent process

PPID 7615 7618 7673 6 3 7618

STAT COMMAND clients connected Ss bash socket S \_ tcpecho1_srv S | \_ \ tcpecho1_srv 1 S+ \_ tcpecho1_cli 127.0.0.1

parent pid for child process

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NormalTermination(Client)
UsertypeEOF,fgets returnsNULL functionstr_cli returns,mainprogramexits Processtermination Process termination
kernelcloseallopendescriptors(clientsocket) clientsendFINtoserver,state[FIN_WAIT_1] serverrespondwithACK,state[CLOSE_WAIT] p , [ ] clientreceiveACK,state[FIN_WAIT_2]
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NormalTermination(Client)
./tcpecho1_cli 127.0.0.1
hello, world hello, world good bye good bye ^D

netstat -atn
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5555 tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:59759 Foreign Address g 0.0.0.0:* 127.0.0.1:5555 State LISTEN TIME_WAIT

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NormalTermination(Server)
ServerchildreceiveFINwhileblockedinread
read returns 0 when FIN received returns0whenFINreceived str_echo returns

Serverchildterminatesbycallingexit Allopendescriptorsclosed(connectedsocket) All open descriptors closed (connected socket)

serversendsFINtoclient,state[LAST_ACK] clientsendsACK,state[TIME_WAIT] li d ACK [TIME WAIT]

ChildsendsSIGCHLD toparent
wedidntcatch,defaultactionisignore
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NormalTermination(Server)
ps fo pid,ppid,stat,args
PID 7618 7673 7680 PPID 7615 7618 7673 STAT COMMAND Ss+ bash S \_ tcpecho1_srv Z \_ [tcpecho1_srv] <defunct>
zombie process

Zombieprocess

childprocessterminated parenthasn treaditsexitstatus( parent hasnt read its exit status (wait or waitpid) or canfillupprocesstable wemusthandleSIGCHLD signaltocleanup
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signal Function
#include <signal.h> void (*signal(int sig, void (*func)(int)))(int); ( signal(int ( func)(int)))(int);

Choosehowtohandlesignalsig Choose how to handle signal sig

SIG_DFL:defaulthandlerforsig SIG_IGN:ignoresig (notallsignalscanbeignored) SIG IGN ignore i (not all signals can be ignored) functionfunc:installfunc ashandlerforsig

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wait,waitpid Functions
#include <sys/wait.h> #i l d < / it h> pid_t wait(int *stat_loc); pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *stat_loc, int options); p f Both return: process ID if OK, 0 or1 on error

Obtainstatusinformationofchildprocess Ifnoterminatedchild,wait bl k If t i t d hild it blocks waitpid givesmorecontrol p

whichchildprocesstowaitfor(pid parameter) whethertoblockornot(WNOHANG whether to block or not (WNOHANG option)
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HandlingSIGCHLD Signal
Usesignal functiontoinstallsignalhandler Signalhandlermustcallwait orwaitpid Ifmultipleconnectionsclosesimultaneously If multiple connections close simultaneously
signalsarenotqueued signalhandlercalledonlyonce wait maynotbesufficienttopreventzombies

Usingwaitpid inaloopisbetter
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HandlingSIGCHLD Signal
/* define signal hanlder */ void sig_chld(int signo) { pid_t pid; wait for any child (as in wait) int stat; while ( (pid = waitpid(-1, &stat, WNOHANG)) > 0) printf("child %d terminated\n", pid); /* for debugging only i/o not recommended here */ only, return; } /* install signal handler */ signal (SIGCHLD, sig_chld);

tcpecho2_srv.c

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TerminationofServerProcess
Startserver,clientnormally,type1line,OK FindprocessIDofserver(usingps),kill it
opendescriptorswillbeclosed,FINsenttoclient open descriptors will be closed FIN sent to client clientTCPrespondswithACK(halfclose) SIGCHILDsenttoparentofkilledprocess(handled)

Clientprocessblockedonfgets p g
doesntknowserverprocessterminated FINonlytellsthatserverwon tsendmoredata FIN only tells that server wont send more data
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TerminationofServerProcess
netstat -atn
Proto Recv-Q S d Q t Q Send-Q tcp 0 0 tcp 1 0 tcp p 0 0 Local Address l dd 0.0.0.0:5555 127.0.0.1:59759 127.0.0.1:5555 Foreign Address i dd 0.0.0.0:* 127.0.0.1:5555 127.0.0.1:59759 St t State LISTEN CLOSE_WAIT FIN_WAIT2

Onclient,typeanotherline:
another line Server terminated prematurely

clientwrite tosocket(doesn tknowitisclosed) client write to socket (doesnt know it is closed) serverrespondswithRST
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TerminationofServerProcess
Clientcallsread immediately,doesntseeRST read returns0becausesocketisclosed Clientterminateswithmessageshown Client terminates with message shown
alldescriptorsareclosed(automatically)

WhatifRSTarrivesbeforeclientcallsread? read will return ECONNRESET (in errno) willreturnECONNRESET (in

homework:modifycodetosimulatethisbehavior
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Notes
TodetectRSTimmediately
block useselect orpoll use select or poll

Coveredinnextchapter

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HandlingSIGPIPE Signal
Whatifclientignoreserrorandwrite again?
SIGPIPE issenttoclientcausingtermination cancatchSIGPIPE topreventthis can catch SIGPIPE to prevent this seesection5.13inthebook homework:modifycodetosimulatethisbehavior h k dif d t i l t thi b h i

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Debuggingwithtcpdump
sudo tcpdump -ftn -i lo
IP127.0.0.1.5555>127.0.0.1.54488:S607558336:607558336(0)ack 618225084win32768<mss 16396,sackOK,timestamp1631716616317166,nop,wscale5> 16396 kOK ti t 16317166 16317166 l 5 IP127.0.0.1.54488>127.0.0.1.5555:.ack 1win1025<nop,nop,timestamp 1631716616317166> IP127.0.0.1.54488>127.0.0.1.5555:P1:7(6)ack 1win1025<nop,nop,timestamp 1631821816317166> IP127.0.0.1.5555 127.0.0.1.54488: . ack 7win1024 nop,nop,timestamp 1631821816318218 IP 127.0.0.1.5555 >127.0.0.1.54488:.ack 7 win 1024 <nop,nop,timestamp 16318218 16318218> IP127.0.0.1.5555>127.0.0.1.54488:P1:7(6)ack 7win1024<nop,nop,timestamp 1631821816318218> IP127.0.0.1.54488>127.0.0.1.5555:.ack 7win1025<nop,nop,timestamp 1631821816318218> IP127.0.0.1.54488>127.0.0.1.5555:P7:15(8)ack 7win1025<nop,nop,timestamp 1631896016318218> IP127.0.0.1.5555>127.0.0.1.54488:P7:15(8)ack 15win1024<nop,nop,timestamp 1631896016318960> IP127.0.0.1.54488>127.0.0.1.5555:.ack 15win1025<nop,nop,timestamp 1631896016318960> IP127.0.0.1.54488>127.0.0.1.5555:F15:15(0)ack 15win1025<nop,nop,timestamp 1631934016318960> IP127.0.0.1.5555>127.0.0.1.54488:F15:15(0)ack 16win1024<nop,nop,timestamp 1631934016319340> IP 127 0 0 1 5555 > 127 0 0 1 54488 F 15 15(0) ack 16 win 1024 <nop nop timestamp 16319340 16319340> IP127.0.0.1.54488>127.0.0.1.5555:.ack 16win1025<nop,nop,timestamp 1631934016319340>
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DebuggingwithWireshark
TCPechoclientandserver normalactivity sudo wireshark &
No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Time 0 0 0 3.769 3.77 3.77 3.77 3 77 9.009 9.01 9.01 10.891 10.891 10 891 10.891 11.951 11.951 11.951 Source 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127 0 0 1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127 0 0 1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 Destination 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127 0 0 1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127 0 0 1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 Protocol TCP TCP TCP TCP TCP TCP TCP TCP TCP TCP TCP TCP TCP TCP TCP TCP Info 54487>5555[SYN]Seq=0Win=32792Len=0MSS=16396TSV=16285190TSER=0WS=5 5555>54487[SYN,ACK]Seq=0Ack=1Win=32768Len=0MSS=16396TSV=16285190TSER=16285190WS=5 54487>5555[ACK]Seq=1Ack=1Win=32800Len=0TSV=16285190TSER=16285190 54487>5555[PSH,ACK]Seq=1Ack=1Win=32800[TCPCHECKSUMINCORRECT]Len=6TSV=16286136TSER=1 5555>54487[ACK]Seq=1Ack=7Win=32768Len=0TSV=16286136TSER=16286136 5555>54487[PSH,ACK]Seq=1Ack=7Win=32768[TCPCHECKSUMINCORRECT]Len=6TSV=16286136TSER=1 54487>5555[ACK]Seq=7Ack=7Win=32800Len=0TSV=16286136TSER=16286136 54487 > 5555 [ACK] Seq 7 Ack 7 Win 32800 Len 0 TSV 16286136 TSER 16286136 54487>5555[PSH,ACK]Seq=7Ack=7Win=32800[TCPCHECKSUMINCORRECT]Len=3TSV=16287446TSER=1 5555>54487[PSH,ACK]Seq=7Ack=10Win=32768[TCPCHECKSUMINCORRECT]Len=3TSV=16287446TSER= 54487>5555[ACK]Seq=10Ack=10Win=32800Len=0TSV=16287446TSER=16287446 54487>5555[PSH,ACK]Seq=10Ack=10Win=32800[TCPCHECKSUMINCORRECT]Len=4TSV=16287916TSER 5555>54487[PSH,ACK]Seq 10Ack 14Win 32768[TCPCHECKSUMINCORRECT]Len 4TSV 16287916TSER 5555 > 54487 [PSH ACK] Seq=10 Ack=14 Win=32768 [TCP CHECKSUM INCORRECT] Len=4 TSV=16287916 TSER 54487>5555[ACK]Seq=14Ack=14Win=32800Len=0TSV=16287916TSER=16287916 54487>5555[FIN,ACK]Seq=14Ack=14Win=32800Len=0TSV=16288181TSER=16287916 5555>54487[FIN,ACK]Seq=14Ack=15Win=32768Len=0TSV=16288181TSER=16288181 54487>5555[ACK]Seq=15Ack=15Win=32800Len=0TSV=16288181TSER=16288181

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DebuggingwithWireshark
TerminationofServerProcess
Time 0 0 0 1.565 1.565 1.565 1 565 1.565 171.23 171.27 322.92 322.92 Info 50332>5555[SYN]Seq=0Win=32792Len=0MSS=16396TSV=15949437TSER=0WS=5 5555>50332[SYN,ACK]Seq=0Ack=1Win=32768Len=0MSS=16396TSV=15949437TSER=15949437 50332>5555[ACK]Seq=1Ack=1Win=32800Len=0TSV=15949437TSER=15949437 50332>5555[PSH,ACK]Seq=1Ack=1Win=32800[TCPCHECKSUMINCORRECT]Len=3TSV=1594982 5555>50332[ACK]Seq=1Ack=4Win=32768Len=0TSV=15949828TSER=15949828 5555>50332[PSH,ACK]Seq=1Ack=4Win=32768[TCPCHECKSUMINCORRECT]Len=3TSV=1594982 5555 > 50332 [PSH ACK] Seq 1 Ack 4 Win 32768 [TCP CHECKSUM INCORRECT] Len 3 TSV 1594982 50332>5555[ACK]Seq=4Ack=4Win=32800Len=0TSV=15949829TSER=15949828 5555>50332[FIN,ACK]Seq=4Ack=4Win=32768Len=0TSV=15992244TSER=15949829 50332>5555[ACK]Seq=4Ack=5Win=32800Len=0TSV=15992254TSER=15992244 50332>5555[PSH,ACK]Seq=4Ack=5Win=32800[TCPCHECKSUMINCORRECT]Len=2TSV=1603016 5555>50332[RST]Seq=5Win=0Len=0

30

DataFormats
Section5.18inthetextbook

31

AdditionalReferences
Unix/LinuxCodingSecrets Signals
http://crusher4.blogspot.com/2007/03/signals egsigtermsigpipesighup.html

tcpdump
www.oreillynet.com/linux/cmd/cmd.csp?path=t/t ill t /li / d/ d ? th t/t cpdump www.tcpdump.org/tcpdump_man.html /

32

File: /home/mostafa/netprog/tcpsockex/tcpecho1_srv.c

Page 1 of 2

/* TCP echo server uses fork but doesn't handle SIGCHLD child processes become zombies after finished */ #include #include #include #include #include #include <stdio.h> /* printf, fgets, fputs and standard i/o*/ <sys/socket.h> /* socket, bind, listen, accept, socklen_t */ <arpa/inet.h> /* sockaddr_in, inet_ntop */ <string.h> /* memset, strlen */ <stdlib.h> /* exit */ <unistd.h> /* close, read, write */

#define SRV_PORT 5105 /* default port number */ #define LISTEN_ENQ 5 /* for listen backlog */ #define MAX_RECV_BUF 256 void str_echo(int); /* prototype for function str_echo */ int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { int listen_fd, /* listening socket file descriptor*/ conn_fd; /* connected socket file descriptor*/ struct sockaddr_in srv_addr, /* server address structure */ cli_addr; /* client address structure */ socklen_t cli_len; /* to hold the length of cli_addr */ pid_t child_pid; /* pid of child process */ /* Start */ if ( (listen_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP)) < 0 ) { perror("listen error"); return -1; } memset(&srv_addr, 0, sizeof(srv_addr)); /* zero-fill srv_addr structure*/ memset(&cli_addr, 0, sizeof(cli_addr)); /* zero-fill cli_addr structure*/ srv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; srv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);/*listen on all interfaces*/ srv_addr.sin_port = htons(SRV_PORT); if ( bind(listen_fd, (struct sockaddr*) &srv_addr, sizeof(srv_addr))< 0 ){ perror("bind error"); return -1; } if ( listen(listen_fd, LISTEN_ENQ) < 0 ) { perror("listen error"); return -1; } for(;;) /* run forever */ { cli_len = sizeof(cli_addr); if ( (conn_fd = accept(listen_fd, (struct sockaddr*) &cli_addr, &cli_len) ) < 0 ) { perror("accept error"); continue; /* start over the for loop */ }

File: /home/mostafa/netprog/tcpsockex/tcpecho1_srv.c

Page 2 of 2

/* fork a new child process */ if ( (child_pid = fork()) == 0 ) /* fork returns 0 for child */ { close (listen_fd); /* close child's copy of listen_fd */ str_echo(conn_fd); /* process request (echo string) */ exit(0); /* exit child process */ } close(conn_fd); /* close parent's copy of conn_fd */ } exit(0); } void str_echo(int sock_fd) { ssize_t rcvd_bytes; char recv_str[MAX_RECV_BUF]; while ( (rcvd_bytes = read(sock_fd, recv_str, MAX_RECV_BUF)) > 0 ) write(sock_fd, recv_str, rcvd_bytes); if (rcvd_bytes < 0) perror("read error"); }

File: /home/mostafa/netprog/tcpsockex/tcpecho1_cli.c

Page 1 of 2

/* TCP echo client */ #include <stdio.h> /* printf, fgets, fputs and standard i/o*/ #include <sys/socket.h> /* socket, bind, listen, accept, socklen_t */ #include <arpa/inet.h> /* sockaddr_in, inet_ntop */ #include <string.h> /* memset, strlen */ #include <stdlib.h> /* exit */ #include <unistd.h> /* close, read */ #define #define #define #define SRV_PORT 5105 /* default port number */ LISTEN_ENQ 5 /* for listen backlog */ MAX_SEND_BUF 256 MAX_RECV_BUF MAX_SEND_BUF

int str_cli(FILE*, int); /* prototype for function str_cli */ int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { int sock_fd; /* client socket */ struct sockaddr_in srv_addr; /* server address structure */ if (argc < 2) { /* user entered no arguments */ printf("usage: %s <IP address>\n", argv[0]); /* arg[0] is prog name*/ return -1; } /* create a client socket */ sock_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP); srv_addr.sin_port = htons(SRV_PORT); srv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; /* convert command line argument to numeric IP */ if ( inet_pton(AF_INET, argv[1], &(srv_addr.sin_addr)) < 1 ) { printf("Invalid IP address\n"); return -1; } if( connect(sock_fd, (struct sockaddr*) &srv_addr, sizeof(srv_addr)) < 0 ){ perror("connect error"); return -1; } /* run the client using standard input */ if (str_cli(stdin, sock_fd) < 0 ) exit(-1); else exit(0); } int str_cli(FILE* fp, int sock_fd) { char recv_str[MAX_RECV_BUF]; /* buffer to hold received data */ char send_str[MAX_SEND_BUF]; /* buffer to hold data to be sent */ /* get input from file fp into send_str buffer */ while( fgets(send_str,MAX_SEND_BUF, fp) != NULL ) { /* fgets returns NULL when EOF, EOL or MAX_SEND_BUF reached */

File: /home/mostafa/netprog/tcpsockex/tcpecho1_cli.c

Page 2 of 2

ssize_t sent_bytes, rcvd_bytes; /* write send_str contents to socket */ if ( (sent_bytes = write(sock_fd, send_str, strlen(send_str))) < 0 ) { perror("write error"); return -1; } memset(recv_str, 0, MAX_RECV_BUF); // clear recv_str /* read back from socket into recv_str */ if ( (rcvd_bytes = read(sock_fd, recv_str, MAX_RECV_BUF)) < 0 ) { perror("read error"); return -1; } if (rcvd_bytes == 0) /* indicates server has been shutdown */ { printf("Server terminated prematurely\n"); return -1; } /* write received line to standard output */ fputs(recv_str, stdout); } return 0; }

File: /home/mostafa/netprog/tcpsockex/tcpecho2_srv.c

Page 1 of 2

/* TCP echo server uses fork handles SIGCHLD to prevent zombies */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include <stdio.h> /* printf, fgets, fputs and standard i/o*/ <sys/socket.h> /* socket, bind, listen, accept, socklen_t */ <arpa/inet.h> /* sockaddr_in, inet_ntop */ <string.h> /* memset, strlen */ <stdlib.h> /* exit */ <unistd.h> /* close, read, write */ <signal.h> /* signal */ <sys/wait.h> /* waitpid */

#define SRV_PORT 5105 /* default port number */ #define LISTEN_ENQ 5 /* for listen backlog */ #define MAX_RECV_BUF 256 void str_echo(int); /* prototype for function str_echo */ void sig_chld(int); /* prototype for function sig_chld */ int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { int listen_fd, /* listening socket file descriptor*/ conn_fd; /* connected socket file descriptor*/ struct sockaddr_in srv_addr, /* server address structure */ cli_addr; /* client address structure */ socklen_t cli_len; /* to hold the length of cli_addr */ pid_t child_pid; /* pid of child process */ /* Start */ if ( (listen_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP)) < 0 ) { perror("listen error"); return -1; } memset(&srv_addr, 0, sizeof(srv_addr)); /* zero-fill srv_addr structure*/ memset(&cli_addr, 0, sizeof(cli_addr)); /* zero-fill cli_addr structure*/ srv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; srv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);/*listen on all interfaces*/ srv_addr.sin_port = htons(SRV_PORT); if ( bind(listen_fd, (struct sockaddr*) &srv_addr, sizeof(srv_addr))< 0 ){ perror("bind error"); return -1; } if ( listen(listen_fd, LISTEN_ENQ) < 0 ) { perror("listen error"); return -1; } /* install signal handler */ signal (SIGCHLD, sig_chld); for(;;) /* run forever */

File: /home/mostafa/netprog/tcpsockex/tcpecho2_srv.c

Page 2 of 2

{ cli_len = sizeof(cli_addr); if ( (conn_fd = accept(listen_fd, (struct sockaddr*) &cli_addr, &cli_len) ) < 0 ) { perror("accept error"); continue; /* start over the for loop */ } /* fork a new child process */ if ( (child_pid = fork()) == 0 ) /* fork returns 0 for child */ { close (listen_fd); /* close child's copy of listen_fd */ str_echo(conn_fd); /* process request (echo string) */ exit(0); /* exit child process */ } close(conn_fd); /* close parent's copy of conn_fd */ } exit(0); } void str_echo(int sock_fd) { ssize_t rcvd_bytes; char recv_str[MAX_RECV_BUF]; while ( (rcvd_bytes = read(sock_fd, recv_str, MAX_RECV_BUF)) > 0 ) write(sock_fd, recv_str, rcvd_bytes); if (rcvd_bytes < 0) perror("read error"); } /* define signal hanlder */ void sig_chld(int signo) { pid_t pid; int stat; while ( (pid = waitpid(-1, &stat, WNOHANG)) > 0) printf("child %d terminated\n", pid); /* for debugging only, i/o not recommended here */ return; }