Spanish in the City

Nivel 2 Principiante Leccin 1

Carreras, Pasatiempos & Verbos Irregulares

Objectives
Objective:
To lose the fear that we may have to irregular verbs in the present simple.

Review:
Level 1 to make sure all the students are on the same page.

New:
Irregular Verbs in the Present Simple

Vocabulary
Hobbies & Careers

Review of Level 1 - Basics

First we are going to review of all the things we should have learned in Level 1 - Basics. Bring all of your Level 1 - Basics materials to the lesson. (If you have them) If you have taken Level 1 with us, please try to write, if only, a paragraph of each written assignment that you have not done, to address all the little things that you may be missing. Level 1 was the foundation of your Spanish learning. If you are on shaky ground, learning new concepts may be frustrating. If you have done all of the written assignments, great please review them and make sure they make sense to you.

You should be able to speak & write the following:

Conjugate and use Tener, Ser and Estar appropriately Talk about family members Describe someone's character Describe someone's physique Use articles appropriately Talk about what you like, what you don't like Talk about what you want, don't want, and love Conjugate regular verbs in the Present Simple Know a little bit about how to use prepositions (prepositions will be a focus in Level 2)

Vocabulary is personal. You should know relevant words of the following themes:

Family Personalities Cardinal Numbers Colors Anatomy

Adjectives (general) Clothing Shopping Interrogative Pronouns Relative Pronouns

The rst lesson will be a comprehensive review, to make sure everyone is on the same page, and to answer any and all questions, to reiterate grammatical points and reinforce good habits. For added material, we will be using irregular verbs in the present simple (aka present indicative).

Additional Material
In addition, we will be expanding our verb vocabulary to include the irregular verbs in the Present Simple.

Irregular Verbs Part 1

In the rst part of this lesson we will look at common formation patterns that exist with some irregular verbs in the present simple tense.

Radical-changing verbs
This is the term often given to irregular verbs that have specic stem changes when a certain letter is present in the stem and which is stressed when pronounced. There are three types. 1 2 3 Some verbs that have an o in the stem change to ue Some verbs that have an e in the stem change to ie Some verbs that have an e in the stem change to i

Look at the following examples. Notice that thenosotr@sandvosotr@sforms of the verbs do not have stem changes.

Where o changes to ue Costar

(to Cost)

Poder
(to Be Able)

Dormir
(to Sleep)

Yo T l, Ella, Ud. Nosotr@s Vosotr@s Ell@s, Uds.

Cuesto Cuestas Cuesta Costamos Costis Cuestan

Puedo Puedes Puede Podemos Podis Pueden

Duermo Duermes Duerme Dormimos Dorms Duermen

O UE Stem-Changing Irregular Verbs in Present Simple

Almorzar Aprobar Colgar Contar Costar Devolver Dormir Encontrar Envolver Morder Morir to eat lunch to approve to hang to count, to tell to cost to return (an object) to sleep to nd to wrap to bite to die Mostrar Mover Probar Recordar Resolver Rogar Sonar Soar (con) Tostar Volar Volver to show to move (an object) to prove, test, sample, taste to remember to solve to beg, pray to sound, ring to dream (about) to toast to y to return (from someplace)

Where e changes to ie Calentar Perder

Yo T l, Ella, Ud. Nosotr@s Vosotr@s Ell@s, Uds. (to heat) Caliento Calientas Calienta Calentamos Calentis Calientan (to lose) Pierdo Pierdes Pierde Perdemos Perdis Pierden

Preferir
(to prefer) Prefiero Prefieres Prefiere Preferimos Prefers Prefieren

E IE Stem-Changing Irregular Verbs in Present Simple

Acertar Encender Advertir Entender Cerrar Fregar Comenzar Hervir Confesar to guess, get right to light, kindle to advise, warn to understand to close, shut to scrub, wash dishes to begin to boil to confess Mentir Consentir Negar Convertir Pensar (en) Defender Perder Empezar Preferir to lie to consent to deny to convert to think about to defend to lose to begin to prefer

Where e changes to i Pedir

Yo T l, Ella, Ud. Nosotr@s Vosotr@s Ell@s, Uds. (to order ex: food) Pido Pides Pide Pedimos Peds Piden

Seguir
(to follow / continue) Sigo Sigues Sigue Seguimos Segus Siguen

E I Stem-Changing Irregular Verbs in Present Simple

Bendecir(*) Impedir Colegir Maldecir(*) Competir Medir Conseguir Pedir Corregir Perseguir to bless to impede to deduce to curse to compete to measure to get, obtain to ask for, to order to correct to pursue, to persecute Decir(*) Rer Despedir Repetir Elegir Seguir Frer Servir Gemir Sonrer to say, tell to laugh to dismiss, re to repeat to elect to follow, continue to fry to serve to groan, moan to smile

Note: The verb "decir" and its derivitive forms are irregular in the rst person (yo digo)

Part 2
The second part of this lesson looks at irregular verbs in the present simple tense where the stem change only occurs in the 1st person singular(yo) Two common examples of this type of irregularity occur with the verbshacer, (to do/to make) and salir(to leave).

Hacer - here a consonant c is substituted for another consonant g Hacer

(to do / make) Yo Hago T Haces l, Ella, Ud. Hace Nosotr@s Hacemos Vosotr@s Hacis Ell@s, Uds. Hacen [Yo]nohagomucho.

Only in the first person singulars stem changes

I dont do much.

Salir - here an additional consonant is inserted g Salir

Yo T l, Ella, Ud. Nosotr@s Vosotr@s Ell@s, Uds. [Yo]nosalgomucho. (to leave ) Salgo Sales Sale Salimos Sals Salen

Only in the first person singulars stem changes

I dont go out much.

First Person Irregularities in Verbs in Present Simple

Caer Traer Caber Hacer Poner Saber Salir Valer Ver to fall to bring to t to do, make to put, place to know something to leave to be worth to see yo caigo yo traigo yo quepo yo hago yo pongo yo s yo salgo yo valgo yo veo

Conducir here the end of the stem changes from 'c' to 'zc'. Conducir
Yo T l, Ella, Ud. Nosotr@s Vosotr@s Ell@s, Uds. (to drive ) Conduzco Conduces Conduce Conducimos Conducs Conducen

1st Person C ZC Stem Changing Irreg. Verbs in Pres. Simple

Conducir Deducir Deslucir Inducir Introducir Lucir Producir Reducir Reproducir Traducir Obedecer Ofrecer Parecer to drive to deduce to tarnish to induce to introduce to sport to produce to reduce to reproduce to translate to obey to offer to look like Pertenecer [a] Placer Reconocer Conocer Agradecer Aparecer Carecer Compadecer Crecer Desaparecer Establecer Merecer Nacer to belong [to] to please to recognize to know, to meet to thank to appear to lack to sympathize with to grow to disappear to establish to deserve to be born

Part 3
The third part of this lesson looks at irregular verbs in the present simple tense that incorporate the irregularities described in both parts one and two of this lesson. Here both a consonant change occurs in the rst person singular(yo) and vowel changes occur in the second person singular (t), the third person singular (l/ella/usted) and the third person plural (ellos/ellas/ustedes). Two common verbs where these irregularities take place aretener, (to have) andvenir, (to come).`

Tener (to have) Tener

(to have) Yo Tengo T Tienes l, Ella, Ud. Tiene Nosotr@s Tenemos Vosotr@s Tenis Ell@s, Uds. Tienen (additionalconsonant g ) (vowel replacement e to ie ) (vowelreplacement e toie ) (vowelreplacement e to ie ) Howoldareyou? Imeightyveyearsold

Cuntos aostiene[usted]? [Yo]tengoochenta y cinco aos.

Venir (to come)

(to come) Yo Vengo (additionalconsonant g ) T Vienes (vowel replacement e to ie ) l, Ella, Ud. Viene (vowelreplacement e toie ) Nosotr@s Venimos Vosotr@s Vens Ell@s, Uds. Vienen (vowelreplacement e to ie )

Venir

[T]vienesaqumucho? Si. [Yo]vengodos veces cada semana.

Do you come here much? Yes,I cometwiceaweek.

Part 4
In this part of the lesson we will look at the verb ir (to go). This verb is a good example of a verb in the present simple tense which is highly irregular. The combination of stems and endings of this verb are unique.

Ir(to go) Ir
(to go) Yo T l, Ella, Ud. Nosotr@s Vosotr@s Ell@s, Uds. Voy Vas Va Vamos Vis Van

The present simple formation of the verbir+ a is also used when talking about the future.

[T]vasa la piscina mucho? No. [Yo]voysolo una vez cada mes!

Doyougoswimmingmuch? No.I go only once every month!

Professions
accountant contable actor actor actress actriz air hostess azafata architect arquitecto / a astronaut astronauta baker panadero / a bank clerk bancario /a beekeeper apicultor / a barber, hairdresser peluquero / a bookseller librero / a bricklayer albail bus driver conductor / a de autobs butcher carnicero / a chemist qumico / a consultant asesor / a cook cocinero / a customs ofcer ocial de aduanas dentist dentista doctor mdico / a driver conductor / a sanitation worker basurero / a

electrician electricista employee empleado / a engineer ingeniero / a farmer agricultor / a reman bombero sherman pescador / a gardener jardinero / a inspector inspector / a jeweler joyero / a journalist periodista judge juez / a lawyer abogado / a librarian bibliotecario / a lifeguard socorrista truck driver camionero / a mechanic mecnico / a model modelo mailman cartero / a nanny niera nurse enfermero / a ofce worker ocinista painter pintor / a photographer fotgrafo / a

pilot piloto / a plumber fontanero / a policeman polica politician poltico psychiatrist psiquiatra psychologist psiclogo / a receptionist recepcionista reporter reportero / a sailor marinero / a salesman vendedor scientist cientco / a seamstress costurera secretary secretario / a security guard guardia de seguridad shepherd pastor shoemaker zapatero / a singer cantante military mili soldier soldado / a stockbroker agente de bolsa student estudiante surgeon cirujano / a

tailor sastre taxi driver taxista teacher profesor / a, maestro / a technician tcnico / a translator traductor / a vet, veterinarian veterinario / a waiter camarero / a waitress camarero / a watchmaker relojero / a writer escritor / a

Study Subjects

plumbing fontanera Are you a student? What are politics you studying? If it's not on this poltica list, do some research and psychiatry come to class prepared with psyquiatra all the vocabulary you need to psychology speak about it in full. psycologa science Estudio contabilidad. ciencia I study accounting. surgery ciruga accounting teaching contabilidad maestra acting actuacin agricultural engineering Hobbies Ingeniera Agronoma Like in English, expressing the architecture action of a hobby is not always arquitectura the same. aviation Some times one plays tennis, aviacin cooks, goes bowling, or does business carpentry. The same applies in empresariales Spanish. Take a look of how you chemistry would express your hobbies. qumica billiards cooking billar n. cocina Jugar al billar engineering bowling ingeniera juego de bolos n. esthetics jugar a los bolos esttica brainteasers, riddles nance adivinanzas, acertijos n. nanzas hacer adivinanzas gardening camping jardinera acampada journalism ir de camping periodismo canoeing law piragismo n. derecho hacer piragismo mechanic card games mecnica juegos de cartas n. medicine jugar a las cartas medicina carpentry nursing carpintera n. enfermera hacer carpintera painting checkers pintura juego de damas n. photography jugar a las damas fotografa chess ajedrez n. jugar al ajedrez

computing informtica hacer informatica cooking cocina cocinar crossword puzzle crucigrama hacer crucigramas cycling ciclismo hacer ciclismo ir en bicicleta dancing baile n. bailar darts juego de dardos n. jugar a los dardos dice dados n. jugar a los dados dominoes domin n. jugar al domin drawing dibujo n. dibujar / hacer dibujos embroidery bordado n. bordar engraving grabado n. grabar shing pesca n. ir de pesca gambling apuestas n. apostar / hacer apuestas gardening jardinera n. hacer jardinera hang-gliding ala delta n. ir en ala delta hiking excursionismo n. ir de excursin

horseback riding equitacin n. hacer equitacin / montar a caballo hunting caza n. cazar /ir de caza jigsaw puzzle rompecabezas hacer rompecabezas jogging footing n. hacer footing knitting labor, tejido de punto n. hacer punto marbles juego de bolitas/ canicas n. jugar a las bolitas/ canicas mountaineering alpinismo, montaismo n. hacer alpinismo/ hacer montaismo painting pintura n. pintar

parachuting paracaidismo n. hacer paracaidismo photography fotografa n. fotograar / hacer fotografas pool billar americano n. jugar al billar americano pottery cermica, alfarera n. hacer cermica reading lectura n. leer sculpting escultura n. esculpir

sewing costura n. coser singing canto n. cantar skating patinaje n. patinar skiing esqu n. esquiar surng surf n. hacer surf video games videojuegos n. jugar videojuegos yoga yoga n. hacer yoga

Work
(additional vocab) project proyecto n. deadline plazo n. freelance trabajar por [mi] cuenta boss jefe coworker compaero supervisor supervisr manager gerente employee empleado meeting reunin vacation vacaciones

Composicin
Carreras, Pasatiempos y Verbos Irregulares