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Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Topics
What do we need to know? Different types of information available Basics of GPRS capacity optimisation
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Planning
The network elements: type specific information (e.g. family, radiation patterns) current settings Geographic information Land use Building height Statistics Models
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Planning
Using the information we can estimate: Network capacities in different areas Overall service quality Affect of changes in the network Problems: Models work in a perfect world Map information is never up-to-date or accurate Butterfly effect
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Optimisation basics
Optimise
Analyse
Nokia NetAct
Provision
Measure
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Measurement types
Call/Session Radio Quality Volume
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Field measurements
+ Basically a modified cellural phone is driven on a route. Reliable information available without much traffic volume Vendor independent Can measure competitors network performance A lot of driving around needed. Measurement sample time is very limited
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Network measurements
+ Almost all possible events are measured. Measurements span over a longer timeperiod Not very standardized. Different vendors measure and collect slightly different data. Moderate traffic volume is needed for reliable measurements. The total amount of data is huge.
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Busy Hour
The distribution of traffic is not even. During weekdays there occurs peaks in the network usage. Radio networks dont generally react well to traffic increase According to common sence: Network behaviour during the busy hour is the weakest link. Heuristics can be used to identify the bh.
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
What is visualized
Network static information Locations & directions Parameter values Relations between elements
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
What is visualized
There are dozens of raw measurements (Performance Indicator) that are related to GPRS performance. User wants to see the result of a preliminary analysis based on the raw measurements (Key Performance Indicator).
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
KPI
Traditional benchmarks ( BER, FER, CSR, HSR ) (E) GPRS data related Reliability, max probability of erroneous RLC Throughput, amount of RLC payload Delay, measured time between SGSN and mobile (E)GPRS load, timeslots utilized by GPRS service And many more
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Visualizing KPI
Snaphot of network state: Performance of network on map List of elements not behaving within thresholds Trend of measurements Time based comparison between different elements / measurements Performance animations on map
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
The relevant analysis of service performance need to be continuous, since without increase of total capacity timeslot dimensioning is always compromise.
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Treatment classes
Assigning GPRS capacity for different service classes PoC Streaming Corporate MMS Diverse DL/UL QoS requirements.
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
TREC 2
TREC 1 TREC 0
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Dimensioning can now only be used to increase CS performance. The only way to improve PS performance is to increase the total capacity.
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Impact matrix
Also known as Interference matrix All cells whose signal has been measured in serving cells dominance area Handover possibility Used to determine which cells could cause interference with serving cell.
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Interference basics
The frequencies have traditionally been planned using reuse patterns and propagation models In order to increase the traffic capacity, the channel re-use becomes tighter Too tight use of the same and adjacent channels causes a decline of C/I BER and FER increase, worse coding schemes
Janne Myllyl T-110.456
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Averaging behaviour
Frequency hopping may be used to average network behaviour Main idea is to reduce continuous bad performance between mobile and bss.
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Hopping mode: BB
In BB hopping TRX frequencies dont change, but TRX serving the mobile phone does. Total amount of frequencies in BB hopping is the same as the number of TRXs. Also BCCH timeslots 1-7 are included in the hopping.
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Hopping mode: RF
In RF hopping TRX serving the mobile phone doesnt change, but TRX frequencies do. In RF hopping an allocation list contains frequencies that are used. BCCH TRX is not hopping. N channels enables 64*N different hopping sequences. MAIO offset has as many values as allocation list has channels HSN can be selected from 64 different sequences.
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Measured performance
3.5
DCR
EFL
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456
underlay
References
3GPP TS 25.215 V6.0.0 Physical layer measurements 3GPP TS 23.107 V6.2.0 QoS concept and architecture Halonen, Romero, Melero: GSM, GPRS and EDGE performance
Janne Myllyl
T-110.456