TEC 1728 ARCHITECTURAL DRAFTING

Fall 2010 Section 103: Thursday, December 8. 12:00-2:30 pm Section 104: Friday, December 9. 12:00- 2:30 pm Topics to be Reviewed for Final Exam 1. Drawing/sketching a. Design drawing (Ching. 2-42) i. Sketch v. technical ii. Understanding/reading architectural scale and difference between engineering scale b. Paraline (difference from perspective) (Ching. 85-101) i. Axonometric 1. Isometric ii. Oblique 1. Elevation 2. plan c. perspective (difference from paraline) (Ching. 102-132) i. types 1. 1 point 2. 2 point 3. 3 point ii. Components 1. Vanishing points 2. Station points 3. Picture plane d. Multiline/multiview orthographic projection (Sketching and Shape Description pdf) i. Six views of typical object Architectural drawings a. Floor plan (Wakita, Ch.10, Ching: 44-55, Architectural Graphic Standards: 128, 156) i. Horizontal section cut through building ii. Cut plane is elevation it is cut at iii. Windows 1. Casement 2. Awning/hopper 3. Double hung 4. fixed iv. Doors 1. Single swing 2. Double/dual action swing 3. Sliding 4. Accordion 5. Pocket 6. bifold v. dimensions 1. interior dimensioning a. walls dimensioned to center b. face of stud or face of core 2. exterior dimension a. three strings i. walls, partitions, centers of windows/doors, etc. ii. walls and partitions only iii. overall dimensions 3. doors and windows are dimensioned to center of openings (except in masonry) 4. masonry a. dimensioned to core face and rough openings 5. steel a. typically laid out on a grid, and dimensioned to center of columns vi. Notes

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1. Notes take precedence over actual drawing 2. Size of object first, name of material, additional info about spacing quantity, etc. vii. scale (order of preference): 1/4 in. = 1ft, 1/8 in. = 1 ft., 1/16in. = 1 ft. viii. lineweights/linetypes (in order of thickness) ***objects further away or on same planes have lighter lineweights 1. cut edges of walls (poche can be added to increase visual strength) 2. window/doors, etc. 3. furniture/casework, etc. 4. floor platterns/ surface materials etc. Exterior Elevations (Wakita. Ch. 13) (Ching: 73-84) i. Named according to the direction the elevation faces ii. Doors and windows 1. show operability with dashed lines: V(single point) is on hinged side 2. arrows show sliding iii. material representations 1. concrete 2. wood 3. metal 4. masonry 5. stone 6. enter region does not have to be represented by material iv. Dimensions 1. Dimension only that information which is not dimensioned on other drawings v. Notes 1. Size of object first, name of material, additional info about spacing quantity, etc. (1x8 redwood siding over 15# building felt) vi. scale (order of preference): 1/4 in. = 1ft, 1/8 in. = 1 ft., 1/16in. = 1 ft. vii. lineweights/linetypes (in order of thickness objects further away or on same planes have lighter lineweights 1. ground plane 2. profile of building 3. surface/plane edges (closer to the plane of the projection, the thicker it is) 4. surface lines that do not show any change in form Sections (Wakita, Ch. 12) (Ching 63-73) i. Just like a floor plan, but the cut is vertical ii. Expresses solid-void relationship between floors, walls, and roofs iii. Section Cut 1. Should be continuous and parallel 2. Can jog or change if necessary 3. Cut and placed the direction you will be looking 4. Cut through most significant spaces or what you want to show iv. Lineweights/Linetypes 1. Should read same as floorplan (cut edges darkest and continuous, and objects further away lighter) 2. Include poche (fill that is cut) 3. Cut of ground plane should be thickest v. Types 1. Building/Full: cut through entire building a. To be used with complex structural conditions b. Often used with detailed callouts c. scale (order of preference): 1/4 in. = 1ft, 1/8 in. = 1 ft., 1/16in. = 1 ft (same as floorplan) 2. Wall a. Shows entire makeup on one particular wall or system where simple structural conditions exist b. Scale (order of preference: 1= 1-0, 3/4 = 1-0, 1/2 = 1-0 3. Detail a. Shows a small isolated assembly of materials or structure b. Scale (order of preference): 2= 1-0, 1 = 1-0, 1/2 = 1-0 vi. Labeling 1. A-A, B-B, C-C, etc, where the first letter indicates the beginning of the section, and the second letter, the end of the cut. Site plans (Wakita Ch. 8)
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i. ii. iii. iv.

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Shows topography as well as lot boundaries and setbacks Cut and fill shows grading of site scale (order of preference): 1 = 10, 1 = 20, 1 = 50 or 1/8=1-0, 1/16 = 1-0 for small sites lineweights/linetypes 1. existing topography shown as dashed line 2. new topography shown with solid lines e. Foundation Plans (Wakita, Ch. 9) i. Shows the structural support for walls and columns of building ii. Scale: Typically same as flooplan iii. Lineweights/linetypes 1. Foundation wall above grade is solid line 2. Foundation/footing wall below grade is dashed line f. Interior Elevations (Wakita, Ch. 15) i. Drafted to finished inside surface ii. Named the opposite of exterior elevations iii. Dimensions 1. Dimension only that information which is not dimensioned on other drawings iv. Scale: Typically = 1-0 v. Lineweights/Linetypes 1. Draw the outermost measurement of the room 2. Cabinets and objects protruding from wall are shown 3. Can show in section or outline form (outline/profile is darkest line) g. Schedules (Wakita, Ch. 11) i. Main purpose is to provide clarity, locations, sizes, materials, and information ii. Locate schedule on floor plan if possible iii. Tabulated vs. pictorial iv. Interior finish schedules 1. Floor, wall, trim, and ceiling finish v. Plumbing + appliance schedules vi. Structural schedules Drawing and Sheet Standards (Hall pdf) a. organization for drawings falls into architects project role b. project drawings serve to: i. use for competitive bidding or direct negotiation ii. build the facility c. organization i. drawings ii. sheets iii. subsets/discipline sets iv. cover sheet on top d. General Sheets (G) i. Information that applies to all drawings in the set ii. Code information, sheet index, symbol legend, contract info e. Sheet Identification i. Standard identification: discipline designator hyphen sheet type designator sheet sequence number ii. Discipline designator: one or two letters iii. Sheet type designator: 1. 0-general 2. 1- plans (horizontal views) 3. 2- elevations (vertical views) 4. 3-sections (sectional views, wall and stairs) 5. 4-large scale views (plans, elevations) 6. 5-details 7. 6-schedules and diagrams 8. 7-user defined (dont fit anywhere else) 9. 8-same as above 10. 9-3d representations f. Sheet Order
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i. G-Cover ii. H-Hazardous Materials iii. V-Survey/Mapping iv. B-Geotechnical v. W-Civil Works vi. C-Civil vii. L-Landscape viii. S-Structural ix. A-Architectural x. I-Interiors xi. Q-Equipment xii. F-Fire protection xiii. P-Plumbing xiv. D-Process xv. M-Mechinical xvi. E-Electrical xvii. T-Telecommunications xviii. R-Resource xix. X-Other Disciplines xx. Z-Contractor/ Shop Drawings xxi. O-Operations g. Drawing sheet i. Drawing area 1. Row and column identifiers 2. Drawing blocks 3. Note block area a. General notations, etc. 4. Key plan block area h. CAD layer naming conventions Building/Materials Systems (Wakita Ch. 5, Architectural Graphic Standards: pp 12, 41, 54, 63, 76-77, 90-91, 93) a. Floor Systems (with or without batt or rigid foam insulation) i. Slab on grade ii. Slab with grade beam iii. Platform floor with joists b. Wall Systems (with or without batt or rigid foam insulation) i. Stud wall with siding ii. Stud wall with brick veneer iii. CMU wall iv. CMU wall with masonry c. Roof Systems (with or without batt or rigid foam insulation) i. Pitched shingled roof with/without fascia and/or soffit ii. Built up roof with/without parapet iii. Gabled roof iv. Shed roof v. Hipped roof d. Representations (Symbols Handout, Architectural Graphic Standards: pp 514-518) i. Hatches 1. Earth 2. Rock 3. Sand 4. Concrete 5. CMU masonry 6. Brick masonry 7. Rigid insulation 8. Batt insulation 9. Rough framing lumber 10. Finish wood AutoCAD vs. BIM

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a. b. autoCAD is vector based, every line and object are different i. lines are representations, they are symbols ii. you are drawing BIM uses all information to translate to other aspects of each project i. Bim are actual components, etc. ii. You are modeling iii. There are no layers or commands in Revit iv. Single file vs. multiple files BIM advantages

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e. f.

Improved visualization Improved productivity due to easy retrieval of information Increased coordination of construction documents Embedding and linking of vital information such as vendors for specific materials, location of details and quantities required for estimation and tendering v. Increased speed of delivery vi. Reduced costs Other advantages i. Analysis and evaluation tools can allow the building to be more effectively tested before it is built. ii. Used to prevent screw ups and change orders in the field iii. Can figure out where early conflicts and problems will happen while working in a virtual model iv. Information at the fingertips 1. From architect to contractor to building manufacturer, all info of the building is there: ie water leak in a building 3d model i. This is more than just a representation or 3d model. It is a set of information Potential drawbacks i. Can feel like a loss of control for CAD specific users (stick shift vs. manual transmission) ii. You can get lost in the model and all kinds of details you were never engage in during an autoCAD drawing iii. Conventional models and projects are a plus, unconventional projects may be difficult to model

i. ii. iii. iv.