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Technical Note
Width-to-Thickness Checks
This Technical Note describes how the program checks the AISC-ASD89 specification width-to-thickness requirements for compact and noncompact sections. The width-to-thickness requirements for compact and noncompact sections are spelled out in AISC-ASD89 Specification Chapter B, Table B5.1. This program checks the width-to-thickness ratios of the beam flanges and web, and, if it exists, the cover plate.
Overview
The program classifies beam sections as either compact, noncompact or slender on the basis of their width-to-thickness ratios. The program checks the compact and noncompact section requirements for each design load combination separately. A beam section may be classified differently for different design load combinations. For example, it may be classified as compact for design load combination A and as noncompact for design load combination B. One reason that a beam may be classified differently for different design load cases is that the compression flange may be different for different design load combinations. If the sizes of the top and bottom flanges are not the same, classification of the section as compact or noncompact may depend on which flange is determined to be the compression flange. For each design load combination, the program first checks a beam section for the compact section requirements for the compression flange, web and cover plate (if applicable). If the beam section meets all of those requirements, it is classified as compact for that design load combination. If the beam section does not meet all of the compact section requirements, it is then checked for the noncompact requirements for the flanges, web and cover plate (if applicable). If the beam section meets all of those requirements, it is classified as noncompact for that design load combination. If the beam section does not meet all of the noncompact section requirements, it is classified as slender for that design load combination, and the program does not consider it for composite beam design.
Overview
Page 1 of 6
Width-to-Thickness Checks
Eqn. 1
where Fy is the specified yield stress of the beam. Equation 1 applies to both rolled sections selected from the program's database and to user-defined (welded) sections.
b t
95 Fy k c
Eqn. 2
kc is equal to one (1.0) for rolled sections selected from the program database. kc is equal to one (1.0) for user-defined (welded) sections with h/tw less than or equal to 70. kc is given by Equation 3 for user-defined (welded) sections with h/tw greater than 70. For h/tw less than or equal to 70 kc = 1.
Page 2 of 6
Width-to-Thickness Checks
kc =
(h t w )0.46
4.05
Eqn. 3
d 640 tw Fy
Eqn. 4
h 760 tw Fb
Eqn. 5
The program makes a slight simplifying assumption when using Equation 5 by assuming that Fb = 0.66Fy. In most cases in the Composite Beam Design postprocessor, this assumption is exactly correct. When the assumption is not exactly correct, it errs on the conservative side.
Page 3 of 6
Width-to-Thickness Checks
Beam
tcp
b1
b2
b1
b2
Cover plate
Case A
Case B
tcp
Page 4 of 6
Width-to-Thickness Checks
Cover Plate Width Less Than or Equal to Beam Bottom Flange Width
When the cover plate width is less than or equal to the width of the beam bottom flange, Equation 6 applies for the compact check for the cover plate.
b1 190 t cp Fycp
The term b1 in Equation 6 is defined in Figure 1.
Eqn. 6
b2 t cp
95 Fycp
Eqn. 7
Cover Plate Width Less Than or Equal to Beam Bottom Flange Width
When the cover plate width is less than or equal to the width of the beam bottom flange, Equation 8 applies for the noncompact check for the cover plate.
b1 238 t cp Fycp
Eqn. 8
Page 5 of 6
Width-to-Thickness Checks
b2 t cp
95 Fycp
Eqn. 9
Page 6 of 6