01-07 Handover

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description
7 Handover
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About This Chapter
Handover
7.1 Overview This topic describes handover. Controlled by the network, handover is a basic function of the mobile communications system. Handover ensures the continuity of mobile services. 7.2 Availability This lists the NEs and software required for the implementation of handover. 7.3 Technical Description This describes the technical aspects of the Huawei handover algorithm. As a whole, the Huawei handover algorithm is composed of handover preprocessing and handover decision. 7.4 Implementation This describes how to configure the handover and the power boost before handover. 7.5 Maintenance Information This lists the performance counters related to handover. 7.6 References
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7.1 Overview
This topic describes handover. Controlled by the network, handover is a basic function of the mobile communications system. Handover ensures the continuity of mobile services.
Definition
Handover is a process in which a conversation can be sustained when an MS moves from one cell to another in order to meet the requirement of network management.
Purposes
As a method of radio link control, handover enables an MS to keep an conversation sustainable when the MS travels across different cells. In addition, handover can optimize the overall performance of the system through the adjustment of traffic volume by means of parameters.
Terms
Terms Ping-pong handover Co-site neighbor cells Raileigh fading Chain Neighbor Cell Definition Ping-pong handover occurs when an MS is switched back and forth between two cells due to the changes in signal quality or the improper settings of the parameters. Neighbor cells under the same BTS.
In radio propagation, signals inevitably suffer from short-period amplitude changes. Raileigh fading relates to frequency. In other words, signal fading is frequency-specific. Chain Neighbor Cell is a parameter of the neighbor cell relation property. During the fast movement handover, the MS can be handed over to only the neighbor cells of the serving cell. In addition, the neighbor cells and the serving cell must be configured in chain mode. Generally, the two neighbor cells in the direction of the fast movement of the MS are configured as chain neighbor cells. The configurations depend on the actual conditions. DTCB handover is a special method of determining the boundary between an overlaid subcell and an underlaid subcell for the enhanced dual-band network. The coverage area of the overlaid subcell is determined through the DTCB threshold, the DTCB hysteresis, and the difference between the signal strength of the serving cell and that of the neighbor cell.
DTCB handover
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Terms Frequency offset
Definition When the transmit source of the radio wave is far from the receive party, the wavelength is long and the frequency is low. When the transmit source is close to the receive party, the wavelength is short and the frequency is high. The BTS carrying the serving cell can calculate the frequency offset (indicated by f) through the signals trasmitted by the moving MS. If the absolute value of f is great, you can infer that the MS is moving fast. If f is a positive number, you can infer that the MS is moving toward the BTS. If f is a negative number, you can infer that the MS is moving away from the BTS.
Acronyms and Abbreviations

Acronyms and Abbreviation s MS BSC MR BQ TA BSIC BCCH AMR RQI
Full Spelling Mobile Station Base Station Controller Measure report Bad Quality Timing Advance Base Station Identity Code Broadcast Control CHannel Adaptive Multi Rate Radio Quality Indication
7.2 Availability
This lists the NEs and software required for the implementation of handover.
Network Elements Involved

Table 7-1 lists the network elements involved in handover. Table 7-1 NEs involved in handover MS BTS BSC MSC MGW SGSN GGSN HLR
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MS
NOTE
BTS
BSC
MSC
MGW
SGSN
GGSN
HLR
l : not involved l : involved
Software Releases
Table 7-2 describes the software versions of GBSS products that support handover. Table 7-2 GBSS products and related versions Product BSC BTS BSC6000 BTS3X BTS2X Double-transceiver BTS Version V900R003C01 and later releases All releases All releases All releases
Miscellaneous
None.
7.3 Technical Description

This describes the technical aspects of the Huawei handover algorithm. As a whole, the Huawei handover algorithm is composed of handover preprocessing and handover decision.
Handover Preprocessing
Handover preprocessing consists of the following contents:
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Handover preparation Handover penalty Neighbor cell sorting Network characteristic adjustment Forced handover processing Power boost before handover
Handover Decision
Handover decision is categorized into the following types.
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Fast movement handover (consisting of fast PBGT handover and frequency offset handover): Good services can be provided when the speech quality deteriorates during the fast movement of an MS. Emergency handover: A call can be kept sustainable when the radio environment severely deteriorates. Load handover: The load of the system traffic can be shared so that the deterioration of local counters is minimized. General handover: Good services can be provided when an MS is moving.
7.3.1 Handover Preprocessing This describes the handover preprocessing. Based on the neighbor cell information and configured parameters in the measurement report, the system performs handover preprocessing and adjusts the priority of a neighbor cell. 7.3.2 Handover Decision Algorithm This describes the handover decision algorithm. After measurement reports are preprocessed, the handover decision procedure starts. According to the emergency condition of an MS on the network and the handover decision algorithm, the BSC performs handover decision in the following order: fast movement handover, emergency handover, load handover, and then general handover.
7.3.1 Handover Preprocessing

This describes the handover preprocessing. Based on the neighbor cell information and configured parameters in the measurement report, the system performs handover preprocessing and adjusts the priority of a neighbor cell.
Handover Preparation
Neighbor cell information is decoded from the measurement report. According to the BCCH frequencies and cell BSIC reported by an MS, the corresponding neighbor cell index is detected. Then the uplink part and downlink part of the measurement report is read.
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If measurement reports are issued continuously, they are directly interposed in the measurement report queue. If measurement reports are issued discontinuously and the number of lost measurement reports is smaller than the allowed number, measurement reports are interpolated before being interposed in the measurement report queue. If measurement reports are issued discontinuously and the number of lost measurement reports is greater than the allowed number, the previous measurement reports are discarded. When new measurement reports arrive, calculation is performed again.
Filtering treatment is performed on measurement reports. Then a number of consecutive measurement reports are obtained from the queue. The number depends on the data configuration. Averaging treatment is performed on uplink/downlink RX level, uplink/downlink RX quality, timing advance, neighbor cell level, and BTS power. The averaging treatment minimizes the effect of abrupt changes in individual measurement report values on the result of handover decision. If consecutive measurement reports are insufficient, you can infer that filtering fails. Then handover decision is not performed.
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Fast Movement Handover Preparation

The fast movement handover preparation consists of the following:
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Frequency offset information is decoded from the measurement report. The BSC reads the frequency offset information on the MS from the measurement report delivered by the BTS.
The filtering treatment is performed on the measurement report.
Handover Penalty
The handover penalty is performed in the following cases: success of the fast movement handover, success of the TA emergency handover, success of the BQ emergency handover, success of the fast movement handover from a micro cell to a macro cell, success of the enhanced concentric cell handover from an overlaid subcell to an underlaid subcell, and failure of the enhanced concentric cell handover from an overlaid subcell to an underlaid subcell.
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After the fast movement handover, TA emergency handover, or BQ emergency handover is successful, penalty is performed on the originating cell during the penalty period. After the fast movement handover from a micro cell to a macro cell is successful, penalty is performed on all the neighbor micro cells. After the enhanced concentric cell handover from an overlaid subcell to an underlaid subcell is successful, calls cannot be handed over from the underlaid subcell to the overlaid subcell. After the handover fails, penalty is performed on the target cell during the penalty period.
The penalty time and penalty level of the previous handovers can be configured.
Neighbor Cell Sorting

The serving cell and all the neighbor cells are sorted according to the level. Then, a list of candidate cells is obtained on the basis of level.
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Determine whether the downlink RX level of a neighbor cell is greater than the minimum RX level. At the same time, the uplink/downlink balancing offset is taken into consideration. Only the cell whose level is greater than the minimum RX level can be enlisted in the list of candidate cells. In other words, only the cell that meets the following formula (RxLev > MS RxMIN + MAX (0,Pa)) can be enlisted in the list of candidate cells. Where, Pa = MS TXPWR MAX P.

RxLev indicates the downlink RX level of the cell. MS Rx MIN indicates the minimum downlink RX level that is required for the cell. MS TXPWR MAX indicates the maximum MS TX power allowed by the BSS. P indicates the maximum TX power of an MS.
Calculate the difference between the downlink RX level of the neighbor cells and the downlink RX level of the serving cell. Based on the difference, sort the neighbor cells in descending order.
Network Characteristic Adjustment

Network characteristic adjustment is a process in which the position of each cell is determined in the queue of candidate cells based on the related network information. Network characteristic adjustment provides the final list of candidate cells for handover decision.
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After the network characteristic adjustment, the candidate cells (consisting of neighbor cells and serving cell) are sorted in ascending order by priority. Then the handover decision procedure starts.
Power Boost Before Handover

In some scenarios, for example, the user is in a corner, the level may drop fast. In this case, trigger is probably triggered. According to the power control algorithm, however, the power of the MS and BTS may not be adjusted in time. Thus, the MS cannot receive the handover command and call drops occur. Before the handover command is sent to the MS, the transmit power of the BTS is adjusted to the maximum. In addition, the BTS power control function is disabled during the handover. In other words, if the transmit power of the BTS is set to the maximum value during the handover, the possibility of handover success is maximized. The power boost before handover is controlled through the setting of the Handover Power Boost Switch parameter.
7.3.2 Handover Decision Algorithm

This describes the handover decision algorithm. After measurement reports are preprocessed, the handover decision procedure starts. According to the emergency condition of an MS on the network and the handover decision algorithm, the BSC performs handover decision in the following order: fast movement handover, emergency handover, load handover, and then general handover. 7.3.2.1 Fast Movement Handover This describes fast movement handover. The handover aims to increase the handover success rate of an MS moving at a high speed and to ensure the call continuity and low call drop rate. 7.3.2.2 TA Handover This describes TA handover, which is a kind of emergency handover. TA handover decision is performed according to the TA value reported by an MS. 7.3.2.3 BQ Handover This describes BQ handover, which is a kind of emergency handover. BQ handover decision is performed according to the uplink/downlink RX quality on the Um interface. 7.3.2.4 Rapid Level Drop Handover This describes rapid level drop handover, which is a kind of emergency handover. 7.3.2.5 Interference Handover This describes interference handover, which is a kind of emergency handover. 7.3.2.6 No Downlink Measurement Report Handover This describes no downlink measurement report handover. The handover is generally caused by poor radio environment on the uplink. In this case, the requirements of the filtering algorithm cannot be met, so other handover algorithms cannot be triggered. Then no downlink measurement report handover performs handover decision based on the uplink quality to keep a call sustainable and to minimize the possibility of call drops. 7.3.2.7 Enhanced Dual-Band Network Handover This describes enhance dual-band network handover, which is a handover decision based on the traffic volume of the overlaid and underlaid subcells and on the level quality. 7.3.2.8 Load Handover
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This describes load handover. On the network, some cells have heavy loads, but the overlapped upper-layer cells and the neighbor cells have light loads. To balance the loads of these cells, load handover is required. 7.3.2.9 Edge Handover This describes edge handover. Based on level, edge handover is a kind of general handover. 7.3.2.10 Fast Movement Handover from a Micro Cell to a Macro Cell This describes the fast movement handover from a micro cell to a macro cell. The fast movement handover is performed according to the relative speed of an MS so that the number of handovers can be minimized. 7.3.2.11 Inter-Layer (Better Cell) Handover This describes inter-layer (better cell) handover. To balance the traffic volume flexibly and to meet the requirements of different topology modes, the GSM network is divided into several layers. If inter-layer handover is used, the cells with lower layer level and lower hierarchy level are possibly enabled to absorb traffic. If the layer level or hierarchy level is low, the value of the layer level or hierarchy level is great. 7.3.2.12 PBGT Handover This describes power budget (PBGT) handover, which is based on path loss. 7.3.2.13 Other Handovers This describes other handovers, which consist of AMR handover and better 3G cell handover.
Fast Movement Handover

This describes fast movement handover. The handover aims to increase the handover success rate of an MS moving at a high speed and to ensure the call continuity and low call drop rate. Fast movement handover consists of frequency offset handover and fast PBGT handover.
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Frequency offset handover According to the frequency offset information reported by an MS moving at a high speed, whether the MS is far from the serving cell is determined. Frequency offset handover decision is performed according to the uplink/downlink level of the serving cell and the path loss of the neighbor cell.
Fast PBGT handover Fast PBGT handover decision is performed according to the path loss of the neighbor cell.
For fast movement handover, the handover response speed is enhanced through the following ways:
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Accurately calculating the moving speed of the MS Derestricting the interval between handover precisions Reducing the number of measurement reports for the handover decision Introducing the filtering
Fast movement handover applies to the urban backbone roads, selected routes, and high-speed railroads.
Triggering Conditions
Whether the conditions of frequency offset handover are met is determined during handover decision. When the BTS cannot report the frequency offset information or the reported frequency
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offset information is invalid, fast PBGT handover is triggered if the other conditions of frequency offset handover are met. The triggering conditions of fast movement handover are as follows:
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The MS is far from the serving cell (the frequency offset in the measurement result message is a negative value) and the moving speed of the MS is higher than Quick Move Speed Thres. The uplink level of the serving cell after filtering is lower than Quick Handover Up Trigger Level. The downlink level of the serving cell after compensation is lower than Quick Handover Down Trigger Level. The path loss of the configured chain neighbor cell is smaller than a certain threshold of the path loss of the serving cell. In other words, PBGT(n) is equal to or greater than 0.
The triggering decisions of fast movement handover are as follows:

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If the last three conditions are met, the decision is performed as follows:

If the first condition is met, a frequency offset handover is performed. If the first condition is not met, a fast PBGT handover is performed.
If not all the last three conditions are met, fast movement handover is not triggered.
Target Cell Selection

The target cell must be a chain neighbor cell of the serving cell. The target cell can be obtained through the setting of Chain Neighbor Cell.
Limitations
The limitations on fast movement handover are as follows:
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The target cell cannot serve as the serving cell. The candidate cells for fast movement handover must be chain neighbor cells of the serving cell. Each cell can be configured with a maximum of three chain neighbor cells. After fast movement handover is successful, penalty is performed on the originating cell during the penalty time to prevent an immediate switchback to the cell. The penalty time and penalty value depend on Quick Handover Punish Time and Quick Handover Punish Value respectively.
TA Handover
This describes TA handover, which is a kind of emergency handover. TA handover decision is performed according to the TA value reported by an MS. The TA value of an ordinary cell ranges from 0 to 63. The TA value of the underlaid subcell in a double-timeslot cell ranges from 0 to 229. The step of each bit is 553.5 m. If the TA value is set to 63, you can infer that the distance is 35 km.
Triggering Condition
The triggering condition of TA handover is as follows: TA value reported by the MS through measurement reports > TA Threshold. Where, the TA value is obtained after filtering treatment and the length of the filter is controlled through parameters.
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A target cell should be a cell with the highest priority among the sorted candidate cells. In addition, the target cell should meet the following limitations.
Limitations
The limitations on TA handover are as follows:
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The target cell cannot serve as the serving cell. If the TA Threshold of a co-site neighbor cell < the TA Threshold of the serving cell, a handover to the cell is forbidden. After the TA handover is successful, penalty is performed on the originating cell. During the penalty, the penalty level is subtracted from the level of the originating cell to prevent an immediate handover back to the originating cell. The penalty time and penalty level are configured through parameters.
From the perspective of the triggering condition for TA handover, TA can be regarded as a criterion for limiting the size of a cell.
BQ Handover
This describes BQ handover, which is a kind of emergency handover. BQ handover decision is performed according to the uplink/downlink RX quality on the Um interface. The RX quality is measured in bit error ratio (BER). The BSC measures the quality of a radio link based on the quality class in the measurement report. The probable reason for an increase in BER is that the signal power is too low or the channel interference becomes great.
BQ handover is triggered if either of the following conditions are met:
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The uplink RX quality is equal to or greater than the uplink RX quality threshold of the serving cell, where the uplink RX quality is obtained after filtering treatment and the length of the filter is controlled through parameters. The downlink RX quality is equal to or greater than the downlink RX quality threshold of the serving cell, where the downlink RX quality is obtained after filtering treatment and the length of the filter is controlled through parameters. Ensure that the MS can sustain appropriate communication quality.

A target cell should be the cell with the highest priority among the queue of sorted candidate cells after the preprocessing procedure. In addition, the target cell should meet the following limitations.
Limitations
The limitations on BQ handover are as follows:

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If neighbor cells are available, the MS is handed over to the neighbor cell with the highest priority. If neighbor cells are unavailable, the MS is handed over to a serving cell. The serving cell of a different TRX is preferred. After BQ handover is successful, penalty is performed on the originating cell. During the penalty, the penalty level is subtracted from the level of the originating cell to prevent an immediate handover back to the originating cell. The penalty time and penalty level are configured through parameters.
Rapid Level Drop Handover

This describes rapid level drop handover, which is a kind of emergency handover. If the mean value filtering and P/N decision methods are used in edge handover and PBGT handover, responses to short-period rapid level drop are insensitive. Therefore, targeting the rapid level drop, you can perform finite impact response (FIR) filtering on the original RX level signals. This filtering method is responsive to the rapid level drop based on the drop slope of the original RX level signals.

Among the sorted candidate cells after the preprocessing procedures, the target cell has the highest priority.
Limitations
The limitations on rapid level drop handover are as follows:
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The target cell has a higher priority than the serving cell. The MS cannot be handed over to the serving cell.
Interference Handover
This describes interference handover, which is a kind of emergency handover. When the RX level of the serving cell is good, the network initiates interference handover for the MS to maintain proper communication quality if the RX quality deteriorates. The difference between interference handover and BQ handover is that the deterioration of RX quality in interference handover does not affect conversations and that the RX level is good. If interference handover is triggered, the quality of the channel that is seized by the serving cell is slightly affected. Conversations, however, can be maintained. At the same time, the RX level of the serving cell is good and other channels in the serving cell may be affected slightly. Therefore, performing intra-cell handover can be considered.
Uplink RX quality after filtering treatment Uplink RX quality threshold of the serving cell, and Uplink RX level after filtering treatment Uplink RX level threshold of the serving cell Downlink RX quality after filtering treatment Downlink RX quality threshold of the serving cell, and Downlink RX level after filtering treatment Downlink RX level threshold of the serving cell
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The quality threshold (Qual_Thr) and level threshold (Lev_Thr) determine whether interference handover is triggered. If RxLev > Lev_Thr and RxQual > Qual_Thr, interference handover is triggered. Figure 7-1 shows the interference handover. Figure 7-1 Interference handover
Rx_Qual (dtqu)
Qual_Thr
Lev_Thr
Rx_Lev
NOTE
The blue rectangle highlighted in oblique lines shown in Figure 7-1 indicates the area where interference handover is triggered.

A target cell should have the highest priority among the candidate cells. In addition, a target cell should meet the following conditions:
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When the serving cell is beyond the intra-cell handover penalty, it can serve as a target cell. If the filtered level of a neighbor cell is greater than the Inter-layer HO Threshold of the neighbor cell, the neighbor cell can serve as a target cell.
No Downlink Measurement Report Handover

This describes no downlink measurement report handover. The handover is generally caused by poor radio environment on the uplink. In this case, the requirements of the filtering algorithm cannot be met, so other handover algorithms cannot be triggered. Then no downlink measurement report handover performs handover decision based on the uplink quality to keep a call sustainable and to minimize the possibility of call drops.
The triggering conditions of no downlink measurement report handover are as follows:
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The measurement report of the call once had downlink part. The measurement report of the call does not have downlink part currently. The value of the uplink quality after filtering treatment is smaller than the uplink quality threshold of no downlink measurement report handover.
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The number of successive measurement reports without downlink part is smaller than the threshold of the allowed no downlink measurement reports.

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The sorted neighbor cells recorded in the last complete measurement report are saves as candidate cells. The MS is preferably handed over to a neighbor cell. If there is no neighbor cell, the MS is handed over to the serving cell.
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Limitations
The limitations on no downlink measurement report handover are as follows:
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The measurement report of the call once had downlink part. The number of successive measurement reports without downlink part does not exceed the limitation.
Enhanced Dual-Band Network Handover

This describes enhance dual-band network handover, which is a handover decision based on the traffic volume of the overlaid and underlaid subcells and on the level quality. Enhanced dual-band network handover is classified into the following:
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Handover due to high underlaid subcell load Handover due to low underlaid subcell load Call movement handover in the overlaid subcell
The triggering conditions of the handover due to high underlaid subcell load are as follows:
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The load of the underlaid subcell in the cell is higher than En Iuo Out Cell General OverLoad Thred. The load of the overlaid subcell in the cell is lower than En Iuo Out Cell Serious OverLoad Thred. The system flow is not higher than Allow Inn Out Cell HO System Flow Level. The current call is within the handover margin that allows handover.
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The triggering conditions of the handover due to low underlaid subcell load are as follows:
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The load of the underlaid subcell in the cell is lower than En Iuo Out Cell Low Load Thred. The system flow is not higher than Allow Inn Out Cell HO System Flow Level. The current call is within the handover margin that allows handover.
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The triggering conditions of the call movement handover in the overlaid subcell are as follows:
NOTE
The call movement handover in the overlaid subcell is triggered if either of the following conditions is met.
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SS(u) < Thdouter SS(u) SS(n) < DTCB_THRD DTCB_HYST

Thdouter: indicates HO Out Inn Cell Rexlev Thred. SS(u): indicates the downlink level (power compensation is performed on the downlink level based on measurement) of the underlaid subcell where the call is originated. If the SS(u) value cannot be obtained, you can infer that the decision of enhanced dual-band network handover is not performed and the decision condition is met by default. SS(n): The optimum neighbor cell is a cell, the measured value of whose BCCH level is the greatest, among the neighbor cells. The optimum neighbor cell is on the same frequency band, layer, and level with the underlaid subcell. The cell, however, is not co-sited with the underlaid subcell. SS(n) is the value of such a cell. If such a cell is unavailable, the value of SS(n) is 110 dBm. DTCB_THRD: indicates the distance between the boundary of the overlaid subcell and that of the underlaid subcell. DTCB_THRD is a relative threshold. DTCB_THRD indicates the size of the blank zone between the overlaid subcell and the underlaid subcell. If the value of DTCB_THRD is great, the black zone between is large. DTCB_HYST: indicates the boundary protection hysteresis of the overlaid and underlaid subcells to prevent ping-pong handover.
For the DTCB handover algorithm, the boundaries of the overlaid and underlaid subcells are determined according to the relative value between the signal strength of serving cell and that of the neighbor cell. When SS(s) = SS(n), the system considers that it is the boundary point of the underlaid subcell. When SS(s) - SS(n) > DTCB_THRD, it is the coverage area of the overlaid subcell. The coverage area of the overlaid subcell is determined according to the different networking and coverage conditions of the existing network. In addition, the overlaid subcell of the serving cell and the overlaid of the neighbor cell will never overlap no matter how the distance between the BTSs changes. The handover zone indicates the level range. In the case of overlaid/underlaid load handover on the enhanced dual-band network, the handover is performed level by level and the MS whose downlink level is within the handover zone is handed over.
NOTE

The target cell selection has the following restrictions:
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For the handover due to high underlaid subcell load, the MS can be handed over to only the overlaid subcell. For the handover due to low underlaid subcell load, the MS can be handed over to only the underlaid subcell. For the call movement handover in the overlaid subcell, the MS is handed over to the neighbor cell that ranks first among the neighbor cells. The MS cannot be handed over to the cell that ranks behind the serving cell. The target cell is generally the underlaid subcell. It can also be other neighbor cells.
Limitations
The limitations on the handover due to high underlaid subcell load are as follows:
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The cell where the call is located is on the enhanced dual-band network. The HW_Concentric Attribute is set to Underlay cell. The Out Cell Load HO To Inn Cell Enable parameter is set.
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The maximum range of the handover zone is (63-HO Into Inn Cell Rexlev Thred). The handover starts from the high level.
The limitations on the handover due to low underlaid subcell load are as follows:
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The cell where the call is located is on the enhanced dual-band network. The HW_Concentric Attribute is set to Overlay cell. The Inn Cell Load HO To Out Cell Enable parameter is set. The maximum range of the handover zone is (63-HO Out Inn Cell Rexlev Thred). The handover starts from the low level.
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The limitations on call movement handover in the overlaid subcell are as follows:
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The cell where the call is located is on the enhanced dual-band network. The HW_Concentric Attribute is set to Overlay cell.
Effect of the Enhanced Dual-Band Network Handover on the Existing Algorithm

The effect of the enhanced dual-band network handover on the existing algorithm is as follows:
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On the enhanced dual-band network, to prevent the common load handover from colliding with the handover between OL subcell and UL subcell on the network, for the common load handover of the cells on the network, the MS cannot be handed over to the cell in the same group when the load handover switch between the overlaid subcell and the underlaid subcell on the network is enabled. Because the PBGT handover algorithm may cause inter-cell handover, the MS cannot be handed over the cell in the same group in the case of PBGT handover between the cells on the enhanced dual-band network.
Load Handover
This describes load handover. On the network, some cells have heavy loads, but the overlapped upper-layer cells and the neighbor cells have light loads. To balance the loads of these cells, load handover is required. In a load handover procedure, some loads in heavy-load cells are handed over to light-load cells. In addition, the loads in neighbor cells should not be handed over to heavy-load cells. Load handover can be performed in cells at different layers. Load sharing, however, can be performed in only one BSC. Figure 7-2 shows the load handover. Figure 7-2 Load handover
A cell with a heavy load A cell with a light load A cell with a heavy load A cell with a light load A cell with a light load A cell with a heavy load A cell with a light load
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To perform load sharing, increase the edge handover threshold so that the traffic on the edge of a cell is handed over to a neighbor cell with light load. The traffic load of a cell can be determined through the ratio of the traffic flow (generally TCH usage) of the cell to the preset threshold. If the traffic flow of a cell is greater than the Load HO Threshold, you can infer that the traffic load of this cell is heavy. The load handover algorithm needs to be enabled. If the traffic flow of a cell is smaller than the Load Req. on Candidate Cell, you can infer that the traffic load of this cell is light and the cell can receive loads from the heavy-load cells. Load handover may trigger many handovers, so you should consider the load of the system CPU before triggering load handover. In other words, you should consider the system traffic level before triggering load handover. In addition, to prevent too many MSs from being handed over at a time, load handover is performed step by step. In other words, the edge handover threshold increases based on CLS_Ramp and CLS_Period. The increase stops until the increased volume equals CLS_Offset, as shown in Figure 7-3. Figure 7-3 Load handover
Load handover band Border of normal handover
Cell A
Cell B
CONF_HO_RXLEV+CLS_Offset
CONF_HO_RXLEV CONF_HO_RXLEV+CLS_Ramp
The triggering conditions of load handover are as follows:
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The signaling traffic of the system is smaller than the System Flux Threshold for Load HO. The load of the cell where the to-be-handed-over MS is located is greater than the Load HO Threshold. The load of the cell that receives the handover is smaller than the Load Req. on Candidate Cell so that ping-pong handover can be avoided.
Choice of a Target Cell

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RX level > Inter-layer HO Threshold + Inter-layer HO Hysteresis The target cell is ranked ahead but it cannot be ranked ahead of the serving cell.
The system assigns MSs to different load handover bands based on the downlink RX level. The load handover algorithm performs handover on the cell so that the MS is handed over out of the cell step by step. For example, the MSs in load handover band 1 are handed over to the neighbor cells first. After the period of one load handover step, the MSs in load handover band 2 are handed over to the
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neighbor cells until the traffic flow of the cell is equal to or smaller than the cell load handover threshold. Load handover band 1 refers to the area where the downlink level ranges from Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold to Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold + step level. Load handover band 2 refers to the area where the downlink level ranges from Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold to Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold + (2 x step level). Load handover uses the step-by-step outgoing handover mode so that the possibility of a sharp increase in CPU load is eliminated and the occurrence of call drops due to congested target cell is avoided. The handover procedure can be controlled through parameters.
Edge Handover
This describes edge handover. Based on level, edge handover is a kind of general handover. If edge handover is triggered, the level of the target cell should be at least one hysteresis value (Inter-cell HO Hysteresis) higher than the level of the serving cell.
If the downlink RX level of the serving cell after filtering treatment is smaller than the Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold for P seconds within successive N seconds (P/N criterion), edge handover is triggered. Figure 7-4 shows the edge handover. Figure 7-4 Edge handover
Cell 1 Cell 2
-97 dBm
-85 dBm
Choice of a Target Cell

The serving cell cannot serve as the target cell. Among the sorted candidate cells after the preprocessing procedures, the target cell has the highest priority.
Limitations
The limitations on edge handover are as follows:
l l
The MS cannot be handed over to the serving cell. After the sorting, the target cell must have a higher priority than the serving cell.
Fast Movement Handover from a Micro Cell to a Macro Cell

This describes the fast movement handover from a micro cell to a macro cell. The fast movement handover is performed according to the relative speed of an MS so that the number of handovers can be minimized.
7 Handover
The fast movement handover from a micro cell to a macro cell applies to the following scenarios:
l
In comparison with a micro cell, an MS in the cell moves fast. Then, the MS is handed over to a macro cell. To prevent a fast-moving MS in a macro cell from entering a micro cell, time penalty is performed on the micro cell so that the MS camps on the macro cell.
Figure 7-5 shows the fast movement handover from a micro cell to a macro cell. Figure 7-5 Fast movement handover from a micro cell to a macro cell
Umbrella cell Micro cell
Within the observation period (T) of fast movement, an MS travels across Q cells out of P cells through handover. Where, T, P, and Q are configured through parameters. The number of the layer where the Q cells are located must be smaller than four. In other words, the Q cells must be non-Umbrella cells.
l l
P indicates the number of observed cells for fast movement. Q indicates the number of valid cells for fast movement.

A target cell should meet the following conditions:
l
The number of the layer where a target cell is located must be equal to or greater than four. In other words, a target cell must be an Umbrella cell. The RX level of a target cell is equal to or greater than the sum of the Inter-layer HO Threshold of the cell and the Inter-layer HO Hysteresis of the cell. A good level condition is met. The neighbor cell with the highest priority after the sorting should be preprocessed.
Limitations
After the fast movement handover from a micro cell to a macro cell is successful, penalty is performed on all the neighbor cells. During the penalty, penalty level is subtracted from the level of all the neighbor cells. The penalty time and penalty level are configured through parameters.
7 Handover
Cell Layer and Cell Hierarchy

Through the multiband handover algorithm developed by Huawei, a proper traffic volume distribution can be realized among multiple frequency bands. Huawei multiband handover algorithm divides cells into four layers with 16 hierarchies in each layer. Thus, the cells are grouped by Cell Layer and are applicable for complex networking modes. Figure 7-6 shows the cell layers. Figure 7-6 Cell layer
GSM900 Umbrella Cell GSM900 Macro Cell DCS1800 Micro Cell GSM900 GSM900 GSM900 GSM900 DCS1800 DCS1800 Layer 2 GSM900 GSM900 Layer 3 Layer 4
DCS1800 Pico Cell
DCS1800
DCS1800
DCS1800 Layer 1
In the multiband handover algorithm developed by Huawei, a GSM network covering a certain area is divided into four layers, which are described as follows.
l
Layer 4: Umbrella cell. The umbrella cell is generally a GSM900 cell with wide coverage. This type of cell is used for coverage and fast MS connection. Layer 3: Macro cell. The macro cell is generally composed of GSM900 cells. This type of cell is most commonly used in the current GSM system, serving the majority of users. Layer 2: Micro cell. The micro cell is generally composed of DCS1800 cells with small coverage. This type of cell is used for capacity expansion, relieving the insufficiency of frequency resources. Layer 1: Pico cell. The pico cell is generally composed of DCS1800 cells. This type of cell is used in hot spots and blind spots.
The cell in the low layer has a high priority.
Inter-Layer (Better Cell) Handover

This describes inter-layer (better cell) handover. To balance the traffic volume flexibly and to meet the requirements of different topology modes, the GSM network is divided into several layers. If inter-layer handover is used, the cells with lower layer level and lower hierarchy level are possibly enabled to absorb traffic. If the layer level or hierarchy level is low, the value of the layer level or hierarchy level is great.
7 Handover
The triggering conditions of inter-layer handover are as follows:
l
The layer level of the target cell is lower than the layer level of the serving cell. In other words, the absolute value of the layer level for the target cell is greater than the absolute value of the layer level for the serving cell. The downlink level of the target cell is greater than the Inter-layer HO Threshold. P/N criterion is met. In other words, within N seconds, the previous conditions are met for P seconds.
l l

l l l
The triggering conditions are met. The serving cell cannot serve as the target cell. Among the sorted candidate cells after the preprocessing procedures, the target cell has the highest priority.
Limitations
The limitations on inter-layer handover are as follows:
l l l l l
The layer level of the target cell is lower than the layer level of the serving cell. The downlink level of the target cell is greater than the inter-layer handover threshold. The serving cell cannot serve as the target cell. The target cell has a higher priority than the serving cell. P/N criterion is met.
PBGT Handover
This describes power budget (PBGT) handover, which is based on path loss. In PBGT handover, the system performs real-time searches for a cell with less path loss and in compliance with the system requirements. Then, the system determines whether a handover is required. Compared with other handover algorithms, the greatest difference lies in that the PBGT handover is triggered based on path loss instead of receiver level.
The triggering conditions of the PBGT handover are as follows:
l l
The target cell and the serving cell are at the same layer and in the same hierarchy. The downlink level meets the following formula: (MIN(MS_TXPWR_MAX,P) RXLEV_DL PWR_DIFF) (MIN(MS_TXPWR_MAX (n),P) RXLEV_NCELL(n)) > PBGT_HO_MARGIN The parameters are described as follows:
RXLEV_DL: It indicates the downlink receive level in the serving cell after the filtering treatment. If the enhanced concentric cell function is enabled in the serving cell, the
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value indicates the downlink receive level in the serving cell that serves as the neighbor cell, that is, the downlink receive level of BCCH TRXs.
MS_TXPWR_MAX: It indicates the maximum transmit power of an MS permitted in the serving cell. MS_TXPWR_MAX (n): It indicates the maximum transmit power of an MS permitted in neighbor cell n. RxLev_NCELL (n): It indicates the downlink receive level in neighbor cell n. PWR_DIFF: It indicates the difference between the maximum downlink transmit power in the serving cell due to power control and the actual downlink transmit power in the serving cell. P: It indicates the maximum transmit power capability of an MS. PBGT_HO_MARGIN: It is the difference between the PBGT handover threshold of the serving cell and 64. The difference between the path loss of the downlink level in the serving cell and the path loss of the downlink level in the neighbor cell is greater than the threshold.
P/N criterion is met. In other words, within N seconds, the previous conditions are met for P seconds.

l l l
The target cell and the serving cell are at the same layer and in the same hierarchy. The serving cell cannot serve as the target cell. Among the sorted candidate cells after the preprocessing procedures, the target cell has the highest priority.
Limitations
The limitations on the PBGT handover are as follows:
l l l
The target cell has a higher priority than the serving cell. An SDCCH handover is forbidden. The target cell and the serving cell must be at the same layer and in the same hierarchy.
Other Handovers
This describes other handovers, which consist of AMR handover and better 3G cell handover.
AMR Handover
Refer to 11 AMR.
Better 3G cell handover

Refer to 8 2G/3G Interoperability.
7 Handover
7.4 Implementation
This describes how to configure the handover and the power boost before handover. 7.4.1 Configuring the Handover Configure handover through the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal. 7.4.2 Configuring Power Boost Before Handover This describes how to configure power boost before handover on the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal.
7.4.1 Configuring the Handover

Configure handover through the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal.
Context
Before configuring the parameters related to the handover decision algorithm, you need to configure the relation between neighbor cells. On the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal, right-click a cell on the Management Tree tab page. Then, choose Set Adjacent Relation Property on the shortcut menu. A dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 7-7. Figure 7-7 Data configuration in a neighbor cell
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Procedure
Step 1 On the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal, right-click a cell on the Management Tree tab page. Then, choose Configure Cell Attributes on the shortcut menu, as shown in Figure 7-8. Figure 7-8 Configuring Cells Attributes dialog box (1)
Step 2 Double-click the target cell in the Cell view list box to add it to the Selected cells list box. Step 3 Click Next. A dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 7-9.
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Figure 7-9 Configuring Cells Attributes dialog box (2)
Step 4 In the Cells to be set area, select the target cell, and then click Set Cell Properties. A dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 7-10.
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Figure 7-10 Set Cell Attributes tab page
Step 5 Click Handover Data. A dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 7-11.
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Figure 7-11 Browse Handover Parameter[Cell: Cell1] dialog box
Step 6 Click Advanced. A dialog box is displayed. You can set corresponding parameters, as shown in Figure 7-12.
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Figure 7-12 Set Handover Parameter[Cell: Cell1] dialog box
Measurement report preprocessing Preprocessing of a measurement report consists of interpolation and filtering. Figure 7-13 shows the parameter configuration.
Figure 7-13 Filter/Penalty Data tab page
The parameters are as follows:

Allowed MR Number Lost Filter Length for TCH Level Filter Length for TCH Qual
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l
Filter Length for SDCCH Level Filter Length for SDCCH Qual Filter Length for Ncell RX_LEV Filter Length for TA
Handover Penalty The handover penalty consists of handover failure penalty, BQ handover penalty, TA handover penalty, fast movement handover penalty, penalty of fast movement handover from a micro cell to a macro cell, and concentric cell handover penalty. Figure 7-13 and Figure 7-12 show the parameter configuration. The parameters are as follows:

Penalty Allowed Penalty Level after HO Fail Penalty Time after HO Fail(s) Penalty Level after BQ HO Penalty Time after BQ HO (s) Penalty Level after TA HO Penalty Time after TA HO(s) Penalty Time after AMR TCHF-H HO Fails(s)
Neighbor cell queuing The neighbor cell queuing consists of basic cell queuing and adjustment based on network characteristics. Figure 7-12, Figure 7-7, and Figure 7-14 show the parameter configuration.
Figure 7-14 Cell HO Data tab page
The parameters are as follows:
Min DL Level on Candidate Cell

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l
7 Handover
Inter-cell Handover Hysteresis Layer of the Cell Cell Priority Load HO Threshold Load Req. on Candidate Cell Inter-layer HO Threshold Inter-layer HO Hysteresis
TA Handover Figure 7-15 shows the configuration of TA handover parameters.
Figure 7-15 Emergency HO Data tab page
The parameters are as follows: TA Threshold

l
BQ Handover Figure 7-15 shows the configuration of BQ handover parameters. The parameters are as follows: DL Qual. Threshold
Rapid level drop handover Figure 7-11 and Figure 7-15 show the configuration of rapid level drop handover parameters. The parameters are as follows:

Rx_Level_Drop HO Allowed Filter Parameter A1A8 Filter Parameter B
Interference handover
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Figure 7-11 and Figure 7-15 show the configuration of interference handover parameters. The parameters are as follows:
l
Interference HO Allowed UL Qual. Threshold for Interf HO DL Qual. Threshold for Interf HO UL RX_LEV Threshold for Interf HO DL RX_LEV Threshold for Interf HO
No Downlink Measurement Report Handover Figure 7-11 and Figure 7-15 show the configuration of no downlink measurement report handover parameters. The parameters are as follows:

No Dl Mr. HO Allowed No Dl Mr. Ul Qual HO Limit Cons. No Dl Mr. HO Allowed Limit
Load Handover Figure 7-11 and Figure 7-14 show the configuration of load handover parameters. The parameters are as follows:

Load HO Allowed System Flux Threshold for Load HO Load HO Threshold Load Req. on Candidate Cell Load HO Bandwidth Load HO Step Period Load HO Step Level
Edge Handover Figure 7-11 shows the configuration of edge handover parameters. The parameters are as follows:

Edge HO UL RX_LEV Threshold Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold Edge HO Watch Time(s) Edge HO Valid Time(s)
Fast Movement Handover from a Micro Cell to a Macro Cell Figure 7-11 and Figure 7-14 show the configurations of the parameters of the fast movement handover from a micro cell to a macro cell. The parameters are as follows:

MS Fast Moving HO Allowed MS Fast-moving Watch Cells MS Fast-moving Valid Cells MS Fast-moving Time Threshold
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l
7 Handover
Inter-layer handover Figure 7-7 and Figure 7-14 show the configuration of inter-layer handover parameters. The parameters in the previous dialog boxes are listed in Neighbor cell queuing.
PBGT Handover Figure 7-11 shows the configuration of PBGT handover parameters. The parameters are as follows:

PBGT HO Allowed PBGT Watch Time(s) PBGT Valid Time(s)
Fast Movement Handover Figure 7-16 shows the configuration of fast movement handover parameters.

Quick Handover Enable Quick Handover Up Triger Level Quick Handover Down Triger Level Quick Move Speed Thres Quick Handover Static Time Quick Handover Last Time Serving Cell Filter Length Neighbor Cell Filter Length Quick Handover Punish Time Ignore Measurement Report Number Quick Handover Offset Quick Handover Punish Value Chain Neighbor Cell
NOTE
For the setting of Chain Neighbor Cell, refer to Figure 7-7.
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Figure 7-16 Emergency HO Data tab page
AMR Handover Refer to 11 AMR. Better 3G cell handover Refer to 8 2G/3G Interoperability. Data configuration in a neighbor cell Figure 7-7 shows the data configuration in a neighbor cell. The parameters are as follows:

Min Access Level Offset PBGT HO Threshold
----End
7.4.2 Configuring Power Boost Before Handover

This describes how to configure power boost before handover on the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal.
Procedure
Step 1 On the BSC6000 Local Maintenance Terminal, right-click a cell on the Management Tree tab page. Then, choose Configure Cell Attributes on the shortcut menu, as shown in Figure 7-17.
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Figure 7-17 Selecting a cell
Step 2 Double-click the target cell in the Cell view list box to add it to the Selected cells list box. Step 3 Click Next. A dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 7-18. Figure 7-18 Configuring Cell Attributes dialog box
Step 4 In the Cells to be set area, select the target cell, and then click Set Cell Properties. A dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 7-19.
7 Handover
Figure 7-19 Setting cell attributes
Step 5 Click Other Attributes. A dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 7-20. Set Handover Power Boost Switch.
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Figure 7-20 Setting cell attributes
Step 6 Click OK. The configuration is complete. ----End
7.5 Maintenance Information

This lists the performance counters related to handover.
Alarms
None
Counters
Table 7-3 lists the counters related to handover.
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Table 7-3 Counters related to handover Counter H3000 H3009 H3010 H3017 H3018 H3020 H3029 H3020A H3029A H302B H302G H3020C H3027Cb H3028Cb H3027Ca H3028Ca H302Da Description Internal Intra-Cell Handover Requests (SDCCH) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Requests (TCH) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Commands (SDCCH) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Commands (TCHF) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Commands (TCHH) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (SDCCH) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (TCH) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Channel Unavailable) (SDCCH) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Channel Unavailable) (TCH) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Terrestrial Resource Request Failed) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (A Interface Failure) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Timer Expired) (SDCCH) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Timer Expired) (TCHF) (Signaling Channel) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Timer Expired) (TCHH) (Signaling Channel) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Timer Expired) (TCHF) (Traffic Channel) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Timer Expired) (TCHH) (Traffic Channel) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Abnormal Release, Unspecified) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Abnormal Release, Channel Unacceptable) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Abnormal Release, Timer Expired)
H302Db
H302Dc
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Counter H302Dd
Description Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Abnormal Release, No Activity on the Radio Path) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Preemptive Release) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Handover Failed, Timing Advance out of Range) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Channel Mode Unavailable) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Frequency Unavailable) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Call Already Cleared) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Semantically Incorrect Message) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Invalid Mandatory Information) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Message Type Non-existent or Not Implemented) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Message Type Not Compatible with Protocol State) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Conditional IE Error) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (No Cell Allocation Available) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Protocol Error Unspecified) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Other Causes)
H302De
H302Df
H302Dg
H302Dh
H302Di
H302Dj
H302Dk
H302Dl
H302Dm
H302Dn
H302Do
H302Dp
H302Dq
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Counter H3002 H3001 H3012 H3011 H3022A H3021A H3022M H3021M H3003A H3003B H3004A H3004B H3013A H3013B H3014A H3014B H3023A H3023B H3024A
Description Internal Intra-Cell Handover Requests (Underlay to Overlay) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Requests (Overlay to Underlay) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Commands (Underlay to Overlay) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Commands (Overlay to Underlay) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Channel Unavailable) (Underlay to Overlay) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Channel Unavailable) (Overlay to Underlay) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Other Causes) (Underlay to Overlay) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Other Causes) (Overlay to Underlay) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Requests (Dynamic Conversion, TCHF-TCHH) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Requests (Dynamic Conversion, TCHH-TCHF) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Requests (Dynamic Conversion, TCH-SDCCH) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Requests (Dynamic Conversion, SDCCH-TCH) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Commands (Dynamic Conversion, TCHF-TCHH) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Commands (Dynamic Conversion, TCHH-TCHF) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Commands (Dynamic Conversion, TCH-SDCCH) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Commands (Dynamic Conversion, SDCCH-TCH) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Dynamic Conversion, TCHF-TCHH) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Dynamic Conversion, TCHH-TCHF) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Dynamic Conversion, TCH-SDCCH)
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Counter H3024B H3055A H3055B H3005A H3005B H3015A H3015B H3025A H3025B H3040 H3047 H3048 H3200W H3200X H3200Y H3200Z H3209W H3209X H3209Y
Description Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (Dynamic Conversion, SDCCH-TCH) Internal Intra-Cell Handovers Not Initiated (AMR) (TCHF-TCHH) Internal Intra-Cell Handovers Not Initiated (AMR) (TCHH-TCHF) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Requests (AMR) (TCHF-TCHH) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Requests (AMR) (TCHH-TCHF) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Commands (AMR) (TCHF-TCHH) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Commands (AMR) (TCHH-TCHF) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (AMR) (TCHF-TCHH) Failed Internal Intra-Cell Handovers (AMR) (TCHH-TCHF) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Detection Messages Received by BSC (SDCCH) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Detection Messages Received by BSC (TCHF) Internal Intra-Cell Handover Detection Messages Received by BSC (TCHH) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (SDCCH) (900/850-900/850) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (SDCCH) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (SDCCH) (900/850-1800/1900) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (SDCCH) (1800/1900-900/850) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCH) (900/850-900/850) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCH) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCH) (900/850-1800/1900)
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Counter H3209Z H3210W H3210X H3210Y H3210Z H3217W H3217X H3217Y H3217Z H3218W H3218X H3218Y H3218Z H3220W H3220X H3220Y H3220Z H3229W H3229X
Description Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCH) (1800/1900-900/850) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Responses (SDCCH) (900/850-900/850) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Responses (SDCCH) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Responses (SDCCH) (900/850-1800/1900) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Responses (SDCCH) (1800/1900-900/850) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Responses (TCHF) (900/850-900/850) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Responses (TCHF) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Responses (TCHF) (900/850-1800/1900) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Responses (TCHF) (1800/1900-900/850) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Responses (TCHH) (900/850-900/850) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Responses (TCHH) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Responses (TCHH) (900/850-1800/1900) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Responses (TCHH) (1800/1900-900/850) (Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (SDCCH) (900/850-900/850) (Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (SDCCH) (1800/1900-1800/1900) (Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (SDCCH) (900/850-1800/1900) (Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (SDCCH) (1800/1900-900/850) (Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (TCH) (900/850-900/850) (Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (TCH) (1800/1900-1800/1900)
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Counter H3229Y H3229Z H3220A H3229A H322B H322D H322G H3220C H3227Cb H3228Cb H3227Ca H3228Ca H3240 H3247 H3248 H3100W
Description (Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (TCH) (900/850-1800/1900) (Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (TCH) (1800/1900-900/850) Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (No Channel Available) (SDCCH) Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (No Channel Available) (TCH) Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Terrestrial Resource Request Failed) Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (A Interface Failure) Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Timer Expired) (SDCCH) Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Timer Expired) (TCHF) (Signaling Channel) Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Timer Expired) (TCHH) (Signaling Channel) Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Timer Expired) (TCHF) (Traffic Channel) Failed Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Timer Expired) (TCHH) (Traffic Channel) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Detection Messages Received by BSC (SDCCH) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Detection Messages Received by BSC (TCHF) Incoming Internal Inter-Cell Handover Detection Messages Received by BSC (TCHH) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900)
H3100X
H3100Y
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Counter H3100Z
Description Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Commands (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Commands (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3107W
H3107X
H3107Y
H3107Z
H3108W
H3108X
H3108Y
H3108Z
H3101W H3101X H3101Y H3101Z H3110W
H3110X
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7 Handover
Counter H3110Y
Description Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Commands (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Commands (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Command (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Command (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Command (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Command (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Command (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Command (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Command (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Command (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850)
H3110Z
H3117W
H3117X
H3117Y
H3117Z
H3118W
H3118X
H3118Y
H3118Z
H3111W H3111X
H3111Y H3111Z
Issue 03 (2008-01-25)
7-43
7 Handover
Counter H3120W
Description Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900)
H3120X
H3120Y
H3120Z
H3127W
H3127X
H3127Y
H3127Z
H3128W
H3128X
H3128Y
H3128Z
H3121W H3121X
7-44
Issue 03 (2008-01-25)
7 Handover
Counter H3121Y H3121Z H312A H312B H312G H3120C
Description Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (No Channel Available) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Terrestrial Resource Request Failed) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (A Interface Failure) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Timer Expired) (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Timer Expired) (TCHF) (Signaling Channel) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Timer Expired) (TCHH) (Signaling Channel) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Timer Expired) (TCHF) (Traffic Channel) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Timer Expired) (TCHH) (Traffic Channel) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Timer Expired) (Directed Retry) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Abnormal Release, Unspecified) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Abnormal Release, Channel Unacceptable) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Abnormal Release, Timer Expired) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Abnormal Release, No Activity on the Radio Path) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Preemptive Release)
H3127Cb H3128Cb H3127Ca H3128Ca H3121C H312Da
H312Db
H312Dc
H312Dd
H312De
Issue 03 (2008-01-25)
7-45
7 Handover
Counter H312Df
Description Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Handover Failed, Timing Advance out of Range) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Channel Mode Unavailable) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Frequency Unavailable) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Call Already Cleared) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Semantically Incorrect Message) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Invalid Mandatory Information) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Message Type Non-existent or Not Implemented) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Message Type Not Compatible with Protocol State) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Conditional IE Error) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (No Cell Allocation Available) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Protocol Error Unspecified) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Other Causes) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Uplink Quality) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Downlink Quality) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Uplink Strength)
H312Dg
H312Dh
H312Di
H312Dj
H312Dk
H312Dl
H312Dm
H312Dn
H312Do
H312Dp
H312Dq H310A H310B H310C
7-46
7 Handover
Counter H310D H310E H310F H310G H310H H310I H310J H310L H311A H311B H311C H311D H311E H311F H311G H311H H311I H311J H311L
Description Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Downlink Strength) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Timing Advance) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Better Cell) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Load) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Rapid Level Drop) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (MSC Intervention) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (OM Intervention) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Other Causes) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Uplink Quality) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Downlink Quality) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Uplink Strength) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Downlink Strength) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Timing Advance) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Better Cell) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Load) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Rapid Level Drop) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Commands (MSC Intervention) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Commands (OM Intervention) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Other Causes)
Issue 03 (2008-01-25)
7-47
7 Handover
Counter H3122A H3122B H3122C H3122D H3122E H3122F H3122G H3122H H3122I H3122J H3122L H3400W H3400X H3400Y H3400Z H3409W H3409X H3409Y H3409Z
Description Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Uplink Quality) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Downlink Quality) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Uplink Strength) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Downlink Strength) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Timing Advance) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Better Cell) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Load) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Rapid Level Drop) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (MSC Intervention) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (OM Intervention) Failed Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handovers (Other Causes) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (SDCCH) (900/850-900/850) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (SDCCH) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (SDCCH) (900/850-1800/1900) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (SDCCH) (1800/1900-900/850) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCH) (900/850-900/850) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCH) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCH) (900/850-1800/1900) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCH) (1800/1900-900/850)
7-48
Issue 03 (2008-01-25)
7 Handover
Counter H3410W H3410X H3410Y H3410Z H3417W H3417X H3417Y H3417Z H3418W H3418X H3418Y H3418Z H3420W H3420X H3420Y H3420Z H3429W H3429X H3429Y
Description Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Responses (SDCCH) (900/850-900/850) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Responses (SDCCH) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Responses (SDCCH) (900/850-1800/1900) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Responses (SDCCH) (1800/1900-900/850) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Responses (TCHF) (900/850-900/850) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Responses (TCHF) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Responses (TCHF) (900/850-1800/1900) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Responses (TCHF) (1800/1900-900/850) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Responses (TCHH) (900/850-900/850) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Responses (TCHH) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Responses (TCHH) (900/850-1800/1900) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Responses (TCHH) (1800/1900-900/850) Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (SDCCH) (900/850-900/850) Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (SDCCH) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (SDCCH) (900/850-1800/1900) Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (SDCCH) (1800/1900-900/850) Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (TCH) (900/850-900/850) Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (TCH) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (TCH) (900/850-1800/1900)
Issue 03 (2008-01-25)
7-49
7 Handover
Counter H3429Z H3401B H3401C H3401D
Description Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (TCH) (1800/1900-900/850) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover TCH Requests (TCHF Only) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover TCH Requests (TCHH Only) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover TCH Requests (TCHF Preferred, Channel Type Unchangeable) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover TCH Requests (TCHH Preferred, Channel Type Unchangeable) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover TCH Requests (TCHF Preferred, Channel Type Changeable) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover TCH Requests (TCHH Preferred, Channel Type Changeable) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover TCH Requests (TCHF or TCHH, Channel Type Unchangeable) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover TCH Requests (TCHF or TCHH, Channel Type Changeable) Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (Invalid Message) Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (No Channel Available) (SDCCH) Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (No Channel Available) (TCH) Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (CIC Unavailable) Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (CIC Allocated) Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (Terrestrial Resource Request Failed) Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (Clear Commands Sent By MSC)
H3401E
H3401G
H3401H
H3401F
H3401I
H342I H3420A H3429A H342E H342F H342B H342H
7-50
Issue 03 (2008-01-25)
7 Handover
Counter H3420C H3429Cb H3429Ca H3440 H3447 H3448 H3300W
Description Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (Timer Expired) (SDCCH) Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (Timer Expired) (TCH) (Signaling Channel) Failed Incoming External Inter-Cell Handovers (Timer Expired) (TCH) (Traffic Channel) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Detection Messages Received by BSC (SDCCH) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Detection Messages Received by BSC (TCHF) Incoming External Inter-Cell Handover Detection Messages Received by BSC (TCHH) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850)
H3300X
H3300Y
H3300Z
H3310W
H3310X
H3310Y
H3310Z
H3317W
Issue 03 (2008-01-25)
7-51
7 Handover
Counter H3317X
Description Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900)
H3317Y
H3317Z
H3318W
H3318X
H3318Y
H3318Z
H3311W H3311X
H3311Y H3311Z H3320W
H3320X
H3320Y
7-52
Issue 03 (2008-01-25)
7 Handover
Counter H3320Z
Description Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Outgoing Internal Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Uplink Quality) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Downlink Quality)
H3327W
H3327X
H3327Y
H3327Z
H3328W
H3328X
H3328Y
H3328Z
H3321W H3321X H3321Y H3321Z H330A H330B
Issue 03 (2008-01-25)
7-53
7 Handover
Counter H330C H330D H330E H330F H330G H330H H330I H330J H330L H331A H331B H331C H331D H331E H331F H331G H331H H331I H331J
Description Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Uplink Strength) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Downlink Strength) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Timing Advance) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Better Cell) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Load) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Rapid Level Drop) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (MSC Intervention) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (OM Intervention) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Other Causes) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Uplink Quality) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Downlink Quality) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Uplink Strength) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Downlink Strength) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Timing Advance) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Better Cell) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Load) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Rapid Level Drop) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (MSC Intervention) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (OM Intervention)
7-54
Issue 03 (2008-01-25)
7 Handover
Counter H331L H3322A H3322B H3322C H3322D H3322E H3322F H3322G H3322H H3322I H3322J H3322L H332Ka H332Kb
Description Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Other Causes) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Uplink Quality) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Downlink Quality) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Uplink Strength) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Downlink Strength) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Timing Advance) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Better Cell) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Load) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Rapid Level Drop) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (MSC Intervention) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (OM Intervention) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Other Causes) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Handover Request Rejected) (OM Intervention) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Handover Request Rejected) (Equipment Failure) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Handover Request Rejected) (No Radio Resource Available) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Handover Request Rejected) (Requested Terrestrial Resource Unavailable) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Handover Request Rejected) (BSS not Equipped) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Handover Request Rejected) (Invalid Cell)
H332Kc
H332Kd
H332Ke H332Kf
Issue 03 (2008-01-25)
7 Handover
Counter H332Kg
Description Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Handover Request Rejected) (Requested Transcoding/Rate Adaption Unavailable) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Handover Request Rejected) (Circuit Pool Mismatch) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Handover Request Rejected) (Requested Speech Version Unavailable) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Handover Request Rejected) (Ciphering Algorithm not Supported) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Handover Request Rejected) (Terrestrial circuit already allocated) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Handover Request Rejected) (Invalid Message) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Handover Request Rejected) (Protocol Error between BSS and MSC) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Handover Request Rejected) (Other Causes) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Abnormal Release, Unspecified) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Abnormal Release, Channel Unacceptable) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Abnormal Release, Timer Expired) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Abnormal Release, No Activity on the Radio Path) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Preemptive Release) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Handover Failed, Timing Advance out of Range)
H332Kh
H332Ki
H332Kj
H332Kk
H332Kl H332Km
H332Kn H332Da
H332Db
H332Dc
H332Dd
H332De
H332Df
7-56
Issue 03 (2008-01-25)
7 Handover
Counter H332Dg
Description Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Channel Mode Unavailable) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Frequency Unavailable) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Call Already Cleared) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Semantically Incorrect Message) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Invalid Mandatory Information) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Message Type Non-existent or Not Implemented) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Message Type Not Compatible with Protocol State) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Conditional IE Error) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (No Cell Allocation Available) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Protocol Error Unspecified) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Reconnection to Old Channels) (Other Causes) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Clear Commands Sent By MSC) (Radio Interface Message Failure) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Clear Commands Sent By MSC) (Radio Interface Failure) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Clear Commands Sent By MSC) (OM Intervention)
H332Dh
H332Di
H332Dj
H332Dk
H332Dl
H332Dm
H332Dn
H332Do
H332Dp
H332Dq H332Ha
H332Hb
H332Hc
Issue 03 (2008-01-25)
7-57
7 Handover
Counter H332Hd
Description Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Clear Commands Sent By MSC) (Equipment Failure) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Clear Commands Sent By MSC) (Preemption) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Clear Commands Sent By MSC) (Invalid Message) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Clear Commands Sent By MSC) (Protocol Error between BSS and MSC) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Clear Commands Sent By MSC) (Other Causes) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (A Interface Failure) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (T7 Expiry) (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (T7 Expiry) (TCHF) (Signaling Channel) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (T7 Expiry) (TCHH) (Signaling Channel) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (T7 Expired) (TCHF) (Traffic Channel) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (T7 Expired) (TCHH) (Traffic Channel) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (T7 Expired) (Directed Retry) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (T8 Expiry) (SDCCH) (Excluding Directed Retry) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (T8 Expiry) (TCHF) (Signaling Channel) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (T8 Expiry) (TCHH) (Signaling Channel) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (T8 Expired) (TCHF) (Traffic Channel) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (T8 Expired) (TCHH) (Traffic Channel) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (T8 Expired) (Directed Retry)
H332He H332Hf
H332Hg
H332Hh H332G H3320L H3327Lb H3328Lb H3327La H3328La H3321L H3320C H3327Cb H3328Cb H3327Ca H3328Ca H3321C
7-58
7 Handover
Counter H3303 H3313 H3323 H3307W
Description Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Different Signaling Points) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Commands (Different Signaling Points) Failed Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handovers (Different Signaling Points) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCHF) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (TCHH) (Excluding Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Directed Retry) (900/850-900/850) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Directed Retry) (1800/1900-1800/1900) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Directed Retry) (900/850-1800/1900) Outgoing External Inter-Cell Handover Requests (Directed Retry) (1800/1900-900/850) Cell Incoming Handover Requests
H3307X
H3307Y
H3307Z
H3308W
H3308X
H3308Y
H3308Z
H3301W H3301X H3301Y H3301Z H380
Issue 03 (2008-01-25)
7-59
7 Handover
Counter H382A H382M H371A H371B H371C H371D H371E H371F H371G H371H H371I H371J H371L H372A H372B H372C H372D H372E H372F H372G H372H
Description Failed Cell Incoming Handovers (Congestion) Failed Cell Incoming Handovers (Other Causes) Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (Uplink Quality) Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (Downlink Quality) Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (Uplink Strength) Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (Downlink Strength) Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (Timing Advance) Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (Better Cell) Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (Load) Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (Rapid Level Drop) Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (MSC Intervention) Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (OM Intervention) Cell Outgoing Handover Commands (Other Causes) Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (Uplink Quality) Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (Downlink Quality) Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (Uplink Strength) Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (Downlink Strength) Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (Timing Advance) Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (Better Cell) Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (Load) Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (Rapid Level Drop)
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7 Handover
Counter H372I H372J H372L S3300C S3301C S3302C S3303C S3304C S3305C S3306C S3307C S3310C S3311C S3312C S3313C S3314C S3315C S3316C S3317C
Description Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (MSC Intervention) Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (OM Intervention) Failed Cell Outgoing Handovers (Other Causes) Number of MRs during Handover Initiation (Uplink Receive Level Rank = 0) Number of MRs during Handover Initiation (Uplink Receive Level Rank = 1) Number of MRs during Handover Initiation (Uplink Receive Level Rank = 2) Number of MRs during Handover Initiation (Uplink Receive Level Rank = 3) Number of MRs during Handover Initiation (Uplink Receive Level Rank = 4) Number of MRs during Handover Initiation (Uplink Receive Level Rank = 5) Number of MRs during Handover Initiation (Uplink Receive Level Rank = 6) Number of MRs during Handover Initiation (Uplink Receive Level Rank = 7) Number of MRs during Handover Initiation (Uplink Receive Quality Rank = 0) Number of MRs during Handover Initiation (Uplink Receive Quality Rank = 1) Number of MRs during Handover Initiation (Uplink Receive Quality Rank = 2) Number of MRs during Handover Initiation (Uplink Receive Quality Rank = 3) Number of MRs during Handover Initiation (Uplink Receive Quality Rank = 4) Number of MRs during Handover Initiation (Uplink Receive Quality Rank = 5) Number of MRs during Handover Initiation (Uplink Receive Quality Rank = 6) Number of MRs during Handover Initiation (Uplink Receive Quality Rank = 7)
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7 Handover
Counter AS330C AS331C AS330A AS332A AS330B AS332B AS334A AS334B
Description Mean Uplink Receiving Level during Handover Initiation Mean Uplink Receive Quality during Handover Initiation Mean Uplink Receive Level during Concentric Cell Handover Initiation (Overlay to Underlay) Mean Downlink Receive Level during Concentric Cell Handover Initiation (Overlay to Underlay) Mean Uplink Receive Level during Concentric Cell Handover Initiation (Underlay to Overlay) Mean Downlink Receive Level during Concentric Cell Handover Initiation (Underlay to Overlay) Mean Timing Advance during Concentric Cell Handover Initiation (Overlay to Underlay) Mean Timing Advance during Concentric Cell Handover Initiation (Underlay to Overlay)
7.6 References
l l
GSM 08.58 GSM 04.08
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Issue 03 (2008-01-25)

01-07 Handover

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HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

Terms Frequency offset

Acronyms and Abbreviations

Network Elements Involved

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

l : not involved l : involved

7.3 Technical Description

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

7.3.1 Handover Preprocessing

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

Fast Movement Handover Preparation

The filtering treatment is performed on the measurement report.

Neighbor Cell Sorting

Network Characteristic Adjustment

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

Power Boost Before Handover

7.3.2 Handover Decision Algorithm

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

Fast Movement Handover

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

The triggering decisions of fast movement handover are as follows:

Target Cell Selection

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

Target Cell Selection

Target Cell Selection

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

Rapid Level Drop Handover

Target Cell Selection

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

Target Cell Selection

No Downlink Measurement Report Handover

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

Target Cell Selection

Enhanced Dual-Band Network Handover

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

SS(u) < Thdouter SS(u) SS(n) < DTCB_THRD DTCB_HYST

Target Cell Selection

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

Effect of the Enhanced Dual-Band Network Handover on the Existing Algorithm

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

Choice of a Target Cell

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

Choice of a Target Cell

Fast Movement Handover from a Micro Cell to a Macro Cell

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

Umbrella cell Micro cell

Target Cell Selection

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

Cell Layer and Cell Hierarchy

DCS1800 Pico Cell

The cell in the low layer has a high priority.

Inter-Layer (Better Cell) Handover

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

Target Cell Selection

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Subsystem BSS Feature Description

Target Cell Selection