Principles of Digital Techniques

Experiment No. 5

Experiment No. 5
1.0 TITLE :
To design and realize adder and subtractor.

2.0

PRIOR CONCEPTS :
1. 2. Knowledge of 2 bit and 3 bit addition and subtraction. IC 7404, 7408, 7486, 7432.

3.0

NEW CONCEPTS :
Proposition 1 : A half adder is a combinational circuit that adds two bits. Concept Structure 1 : Half adder adds two bits. Proposition 2 : A half adder has two inputs (A,B) & it has two outputs i.e. SUM & CARRY. Concept Structure 2 : Half adder has two inputs and two outputs. Proposition 3 : A Full adder is a combinational circuit that performs addition of 3 bits. Concept Structure 3 : Full adder adds three bits. Proposition 4 : A Full adder has 3 inputs (A,B,C) & two outputs SUM & CARRY. Concept Structure 4 : Full adder has three inputs and two outputs. Proposition 5 : A half subtractor is combinational circuit that subtracts two bits. Concept Structure 5 : Half subtractor subtracts two bits. Proposition 6 : A half subtractor has two inputs (A,B) & it has two outputs, difference & borrow. o 25

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Experiment No. 5

Principles of Digital Techniques

Concept Structure 6 : Half subtractor has two inputs and two outputs. Proposition 7 : A full subtractor is a combinational circuit that performs the subtraction of three bits. Concept Structure 7 : Full subtractor performs subtraction of three bits. Proposition 8 : A full subtractor has three inputs (A,B,C) and two outputs, difference and borrow. Concept Structure 8 : Full subtractor has three inputs and two outputs.

4.0

LEARNING OBJECTIVES :
Intellectual Skills : 1 To understand and to differentiate half & full, adder and subtractor concept. 2. To understand the working of all the circuit. 3. To corelate the LED output and logic state. 4. To analyse the circuits operation. Motor Skills 1. Ability 2. Ability 3. Ability : to mount ICs on breadboard. to make the connection. to observe and record the readings.

5.0

EQUIPMENTS :
Power supply, bread board, circuit board / kit, connecting wires, LEDs, ICs.

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Principles of Digital Techniques

Experiment No. 5

6.0

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM :
1. Circuit diagram for Half adder

Note : Above circuit diagram should be verified on bread 2. Circuit diagram for Full adder

Pins 3 and 4 of IC 7432 and 7486 are shorted Note : Above circuit diagram should be verified on readymade kit. The kit should have same components as in the figure.

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Experiment No. 5

Principles of Digital Techniques

3.

Circuit diagram for Half substractor

Note : Above circuit diagram should be verified on breadboard 4. Circuit diagram for Full substractor

Pins 3 and 4 of IC 7432 and 7486 are shorted Note : Above circuit diagram should be verified on readymade kit. The kit should have the same components as in the diagram.

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MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

Principles of Digital Techniques

Experiment No. 5

7.0

STEPWISE PROCEDURE :
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Mount ICs on breadboard. Make connections as shown in the respective circuit diagram. Apply input condition as per truth table [for 0 = 0v & 1 = 5v]. Observe the output on LEDs . Fill up the observation table .

8.0

OBSERVATION :
Observation Table for Half adder

Observation Table Full adder

Observation Table Half Subtractor

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Experiment No. 5

Principles of Digital Techniques

Observation Table Full Subtractor

9.0

RESULT : (Student to write result on the basis of output)

10.0 CONCLUSION :
1. 2. To add three bits we require(2 half adder / 3 half adder). To subtract three bits we require(2 half subtractor / 3 half subtractor).

11.0 QUESTIONS :
Write 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. answers to Q. Q. Q. Q. Q.The questions to be allotted by teacher. Draw full adder using two half adders. Why half and full adder is so called? Draw circuit of half & full adder using NAND gates. Name 3 input & 4 input NAND gate IC. Draw the pin diagram of IC 7483. state its applications. What is 1s complement & 2s complement of binary number? Name ALU IC. Draw its pin diagram? Draw the diagram of serial adder. Draw 4 bit parallel adder / subtractor. Draw full subtractor using two half subtractor. (Space for Answer)

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Principles of Digital Techniques

Experiment No. 5

(Space for answers)

Signature of Teacher o

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