B LUETOOTH TECHNOLOGY

Shiva kant Dwivedi

Electrical and Electronics Engineering Paper presentation Lucknow Shiva.dwivedi09@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
BLUETOOTH is an industrial specification for wireless personal area networks (PANs). Bluetooth provides a way to connect and exchange information between devicessuch as mobile phones, laptops, PCs, printers, digital cameras and video game consolesvia a secure, globally unlicensed short-range radio frequency.

Beauknit Corporation. That logo,using the connection of a reversed K and B for Beauknit, is wider and has roundedcorners, but is otherwise the same. About the Name For those who know little about the technology, and even for those who are more than a little acquainted with it, the name Bluetooth may seem odd. You may wonder, in fact, king, how it relates to wireless technology, or speculate that perhaps its derived somehow from the founding members of the SIG. Neither of these ideas is correct. The name is a romantic gesture that in some sense indicates the excitement the technology generates as well as the belief in its value as a revolutionary concept. To combine these qualities in a name required ingenuity and delving into the past. The name Bluetooth comes from Danish history. Harald Blatand, who was called Bluetooth, was the son of King Gorm the Old, who ruled Jutland, the main peninsula of

Origin of the name and the logo

The name Bluetooth is derived from the cognomen of a 10th century HaraldBluetooth King of Denmark and Norway from 935 and 936 respectively, to 940. He isknown for warring his unification of previously from Denmark (including tribes

Scania,present-day Sweden, where the Bluetooth technology was invented) and Norway.Bluetooth likewise was intended to unify different technologies like computers andmobile phones. The name may have been inspired less by the historical Harald than theloose interpretation of him in The Long Ships by Frans Gunnar Bengtsson, Nordic runes analogous to the modern Latin H and B:(Haglaz) and(Berkanan). The logo is similarto an older logo for Beauknit Textiles, a division of a Swedishbest-selling Vikinginspired novel. The Bluetooth logo merges the

Denmark. By the time Harald became king, he was a skilled Viking warrior. So, when his sister asked for help to secure control in Norway after her husband died, Harald quickly seized the opportunity to unite the countries and expand his kingdom. By 960 A.D., according to the story, Harald was at the height of his powers, and ruled both Denmark and Norway. He was later credited with bringing Christianity to his Viking realm. Although its popularly believed that King Harald had a blue tooth, and various stories explain how this came about, its more likely that the Bluetooth name is the English derivative of the original Viking word, Bltand. The Bluetooth name was chosen for the wireless technology because its developers and promoters hope it will unite the mobile world, just as King Harald united his world.

available that includes a short-range radio transceiver, an external antenna, and a clock reference (required for synchronization). It can be used independently or with a baseband module, which Ericsson also offers. Other transceivers also are available for Bluetooth applications, and those transceivers also can be used with another companys baseband solution or with a packaged baseband processor. In this type of arrangement, the lower-layer Bluetooth protocols are supported in the baseband module, and the host processor must support the upper-layer protocols (for example, file transfer). In other words, the RF/baseband solution provides the means to communicate with the host, but you need to implement a connection interface, as well as any upper-layer protocols, to use applications supported by the final product. The upper layers of the technology support what are known as the Bluetooth profiles in other words, a set of protocols. A set of protocols is optimized for a class of applications for example, dial-up networking or file transfer. This feature is issue is important, because it enables interoperability among devices. Requiring a specific profile for devices that provide comparable applications ensures interoperability across a spectrum of devices. Another option for manufacturers is to embed a fully integrated RF/baseband Bluetooth chip.In this scenario, the upper-layer protocols reside within the single chip, freeing the host processorfrom the protocol processing. The cost of the chip necessarily will be higher, but the fully integrated final design can be less complex, use less power, and reduce production cost. In this scenario, the Bluetooth unit can connect to the host device through a serial interface such as a universal serial bus (USB). Yet another possibility for implementing Bluetooth is to integrate the Bluetooth baseband module with the host system. This option would involve owning and customizing the silicon chip for the device. In this case, the device manufacturer would have complete control of interfaces and features for the device, but development costs and investment risk could be high.

Bluetooth Components
A complete Bluetooth system will require these elements: An RF portion for receiving and transmitting data A module with a baseband microprocessor Memory An interface to the host device (such as a mobile phone) We explain these terms and concepts in the section Bluetooth Terminology, later in this chapter. This basic system will vary, however, depending on whether the Bluetooth module is independent of the host or embedded. First, consider the module scenario. The RF portion can be implemented as a module or as a single chip. Ericsson has a module

Specification of Bluetooth

Bluetooth is a radio system that consists of three parts, hardware, software framework and interoperability requirements. The end result is of this is a low-cost, low-power, short-range radio link for mobile devices and for WAN/LAN access points. Bluetooth's technical details are fairly basic. The radios will operate in the 2.4GHz ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) Band. Bluetooth uses frequency-hopping techniques to keep communication flowing even in spaces that are "noisy." Calling for support of both synchronous and asynchronous communication, Bluetooth's synchronous bands are geared to carry relatively high-quality voice, while the asynchronous communication will support data at slightly more than 700 Kbps. Distance is limited to about 10 meters. Advanced error-correction methods are used to protect data, encryption and authentication routines for user's privacy and the technology provides a high transmission rate. The Bluetooth wireless technology supports both point-to-point and point-to-multipoint connections. With the current specification, up to seven 'slave' devices can be set to communicate with a 'master' radio in one device. The detail layers of the Bluetooth protocol are described in Appendix I. It is beyond the scope of this paper. During the past two decades, the progress in microelectronics and VLSI technology drove the cost of many consumer electronic products down to an acceptable level for average people. Only in the 1st quarter of 2001, over 32.5 million PCs were sold. The number of cellular phones is predicted to reach 1 billion in 2005. With the increase of the number of these devices, so does the need of connecting them together. Today numerous kinds of special cables are used for interconnection. Its cumbersome, not interchangeable and expensive. Bluetooth is devised to replace these cables. Bluetooth is a low cost, low power, radio frequency technology for short-range communications. It can be used to replace the cables connecting portable/fixed electronic devices, build ad-hoc networks or provide data/voice access points. Frequency 2.4GHz ISM band, Frequency hopping Modulation Gaussian shaped BFSK Data rate 723Kbps Operating range 10m~100m Size 28mm x 15mm x 2mm (Mitsumi WMLC05) Cost Long term: $5/endpoint ($20 currently) Power 0.1W (Active)

Security Good. FHSS. Link layer authentication and encryption Acceptance SIG have about 2500 member companies

CONCLUSION
Bluetooth is a low cost, low power RF technology for short-rangecommunications. Biggestadvantage overother wireless networks is the low powerand low cost. There is huge marketpotential for Bluetooth products. Thereare a few commercial products available,and its believed many more will roll outin the near future. With the growingdemand for coexistence, both theBluetooth SIG and the IEEE 802.15Working Groups are actively looking forimproved mechanisms It can be said that the name Bluetooth refers not only to a technology, but also to a standard and a specification. And few standards have taken off as Bluetooth has, capturing the attention and development money of major corporations throughout the world. If it can live up to its expectations and meet the needs of a global marketplace in an easy-to-use, straightforward manner, it promises to become (like its eponymous King Harald) a uniting force in the wireless communications world. This chapter helps you get started with Bluetooth technology by covering the basics: The origin of the Bluetooth name .

SOCIAL CONCERNS
Security concerns 2003: In November 2003, Ben and AdamLaurie from A.L. Digital Ltd. discoveredthat serious flaws in Bluetooth securitymay lead to disclosure of personal data.It should be noted however that thereported security problems concernedsome Poor implementations of Bluetooth, rather than the protocol itself. In a subsequent experiment, MartinHerfurt from thetrifinite.group was ableto do a field-trial at the CeBITfairgrounds showing the importance

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2. Bluetooth: What is the Potential? Analysts disagree", April 15, 1999 3. Bluetooth - Special Interest Group Announces Release of the Bluetooth 1.0, July 26, 1999 4. "Brush Up on Bluetooth", June 28, 1999 5. "Mobile Devices: Bluetooth demands system tools", March 20, 2001 6. www.bluetooth.com 7. www.ericsson.com 8. www.ibm.com 9. www.motorola.com 10. www.palowireless.com

thisexperiment. 2004: In April 2004, security consultant firm@Stake (now Symantec) revealed a security flaw that makes it possible tocrack into conversations on Bluetoothbased wireless headsets by reverseengineering the PIN. This is one of a number of concerns thathave been raised over the security ofBluetooth communications. In 2004 thefirstpurported virus using Bluetooth tospread itself among mobile phones appeared for the Symbian OS. The virus was first described by Kaspersky Laband requires users to confirm theinstallation of unknown software beforeit can propagate.

REFRENCE
1. "Bluetooth-enabled market", Dec. 18, 2000 products finally hit