Propo Sola sed to r& PNG Win Air Servic d es Hybr Limite id d

GREEN Limited

Pow er Syst em For Radi o Site

The Proposal presents Limited GREEN Solar/Wind Hybrid Power Supply PO Box 1243, Port Moresby System concept and technicality For Mt. Konokalang Radio Repeater / ADS-B Site Phone: +675-3253939 / +675720200111 Fax: +675-3258850

PNG Air Services Limited PO Box 273 Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services Boroko, NCD Papua New Guinea

Table of Contents
Page # 1. Introduction

3
2. GREEN Limited - Company Profile

5
3. Client Requirement

6
4. The Technical Proposal

7
5. The Commercial Proposal

16
6. Conclusion

18

Addendum i. Concept Isometric Views ii. Concept Side Views iii. Solar Powershed Top Plan

Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

1. INTRODUCTION
Energy plays a vital role in each and every aspect of our life. It is not only the most essential part of our very existence but also part of the entire nature. The electricity that we consume on a daily basis all comes from the energy generated from natural resources. Energy can be categorized of 2 types renewable and non-renewable. Renewable source of energy is something that exists for ever. It is the natural source that gives out energy all the time whether or not, one uses it. Sun, wind, water are examples of renewable sources. Out of these the energy from sun is considered to be the most powerful and constructing solar panels for telecom towers and operating other equipment will help in tapping this energy to maximum possible extent. Although energies from these resources are being tapped and used successfully for various purposes, there is still an ample amount of scope that is untapped, and there is huge potential of using these resources for various industrial or domestic purposes. The best part is that tapping this energy is proves to be most cost-effective and very environmental friendly. Energy generated from wind and water has been used successfully for generating electricity, running windmills and for various other industrial purposes. Solar energy is already quite popular and is widely used across various countries in the world for heating, electricity and generating power through solar panels for telecom tower. However there is lot of scope for using the solar energy, one of the most powerful sources of renewable energy, particularly in PNG. Telecom sector in PNG has seen a vast growth over the past five years. This growth has also given an immense opportunity for the country to connect with the world and has grown beyond the geographical boundaries. Especially talking about the wireless communication sector, telephone and mobile network has evolved to promote the countrys interests ideas and goals across the globe. Although this has been the trend so far, we still need to see the development in the rural sector of the country which can also be viewed as an opportunity for sustainable revenues, keeping in mind the growing population and their technological demands arising thereby. To cut down on the initial investment and ensure high returns from the tower business, one of the main concern of high expense, that is the power supply from electricity needs an alternative option. Availability of abundant natural resources like solar energy can be seen as a potential answer to this issue. Construction of solar panels for telecom/radio tower operation can be considered as the best solution. The need for setting up solar panels for telecom/radio tower operation is backed up by many valid reasons. Telecommunication sector runs completely on diesel powered electricity generators and in number of villages across PNG, this facility is not available or conducive to expand it across remote areas. Due to this very reason, most of the times, electricity is pulled in from other sources like BTS which provides battery back-up, but this also causes interruptions in the power supply resulting in shortening the battery life. This in turn increases the operational costs to run such services in rural areas. Not
Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

to forget about the additional costs that are incurred for maintaining this highend backup systems and network costs all thanks to poor transportation facilities, problems in spare part supplies, and shortage of skilled labour. Another important factor that led to the thought of using the power of solar panel for telecom towers is the use of expensive diesel for running these towers. The consumption of diesel has been increased, that are needed for running engines and transmission equipment. This is again due to lack of reliable power in rural areas. All these factors contribute to additional costs. Increasing diesel costs are again a concern. Manufacturing, installation, running and even maintenance of telecom towers therefore prove very expensive considering all the above points. Major telecom business operators who invest millions of Kinas for operating the telecom towers to offer better services to their clients, all thanks to the increasing competition, are looking for cost-effective ways to run their business. What more can be more costeffective than the use of the powerful solar panel for telecom towers. Power supply from solar panels for telecom/radio towers can be well harnessed which will enable their effective operation and also addresses the concerns mentioned above. Harnessing power from solar energy not only is clean and effective but also ensures low maintenance and operational costs that are need to maintain and run solar equipment as compared to its diesel counterparts. Solar panels for telecom towers are also environmental friendly as there are no carbon emissions thus reducing the global warming threat. Solar panels are one of the best sources for operating telecommunication towers especially in rural and suburb areas where there is unreliable power supply. Renewable energy sources like solar panel for telecom tower are one of the most cost-effective ways of spreading the reach of telecommunications in remote areas and supplying power to the transmission relay towers in these areas. A major cause of concern lies in the fact that although telecom/radio towers have been catering to the growing rural population, which has been exhibiting a good purchasing power but the access to main facilities, is limited due to remote location. Also the high capital investment at the initial phase also poses a major challenge for the industry. Telecom companies are now looking for alternate options like installation of solar panel for telecom tower for not only generating backup power but also has been considered as the best source for direct power supply for operating these towers. Telecom and aviation industry in PNG is seeing a rapid growth with additional complex network infrastructure and has a major role to play in the future. There will be growing requirement of power as a result of this, and to meet these increasing demands government is looking out for options like harnessing the most powerful source of energy and that is solar energy. As government proposes to construct more and more telecom towers connecting various remote parts of the country, need for an uninterrupted power supply with controlled operational and maintenance costs are the need of the hour. Setting up solar panels for telecom towers is where the future lies and where all issues are answered, not to forget about its environmental friendly feature.

Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

2. GREEN LIMITED - AN INTRODUCTION:

GREEN Limited has been providing various solar and renewable energy solutions in Papua New Guinea and India. Primarily, GREEN solutions are targeted for rural electrification and specific industrial solutions for industry verticals such as telecom, health, education, marine, aviation, and aviation. GREEN Ltd. , was established in 2007 and is one of the leaders in the photovoltaic and renewable energy solutions. GREEN design and provide Solar Photovoltaic and Wind systems from India , China and Germany.

Main Focus:
Supply of Solar Photovoltaic modules, BIPV modules, Solar Cell Systems (Turn Key Solutions) design/development, consultancy, project management, electronic appliances and hardware, MagLev wind turbines and horizontal windmills. GREEN offers within the fields of: Design and planning - solar/windgenerators. - PV modules - Electronics low energy consumption equipment. Photovoltaic modules in all shapes and colors - BIPV, Hybrid modules Lighting systems with very low energy consumption Water pumping from for deep wells and long pipelines. Water cleaning system (drinking water). Display units(display PV-in / out Watts, also big sizes). Power distribution units. Module mounting systems. Module wiring units. Inverter DC/AC AC/DC - DC/DC Inverter units

Primary Products or Services Provided

Supply and sale of all types of photovoltaic modules, advanced electronic control systems for solar cell systems (e.g. solar charge controllers and photovoltaic inverters), Hybrid modules and sun/wind generator systems for projects in PNG and India. Renewable Energy Consultancy (Turn Key Solutions) including dimensioning of solar cell systems, implementation of low-energy components and design and planning of complete electric generator systems based on photovoltaic. GREEN technical objective has been to develop and design systems that: Are fully compliant with Telecom/Radio operational specifications Realize major reduction of diesel fuel consumption Provide maximum cost effective approaches Ensure 24/7 highly reliable quality power including redundancy Fast response service and support

Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

These systems are configured for remote unattended operation with highly reliable power supply.

3. PNG AIR SERVICE REQUIREMENT

Radio repeater site located at Mount Konokalang, on Hans Meyer Range, in New Ireland Province, is a strategically important for PNG Air Services as it caters for the radio/ ADS-B tower.

The ADS-B site requires a reliable power source and less operational hassled As stated by the client, the ratings and electric specification would be as below 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Nominal Voltage 24Volts Earthing Earth Peak array Power (w) 5100 System Capacity 7400 Array Tilt Angle 10 degree Array Orientation 0 degree True North Load 585W continuous 1110W peak

Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

4. THE PROPOSAL
GREEN Limited proposes a solution that is on purely on renewable energy that sustains with solar and wind that is available in Mount Konokalang and power the radio/ADS-B tower. For load 585W. System operating only daytime 24h/day,
BTS located in Mount Konokalang, Papua New Guinea average sunshine hours 5.5 hrs/day.

Power storage to be 3 days backup,

Average charging battery full need 3 days,

Battery depth of discharge 75%.

4.1. Base Station Status

DC Communication Equipment load: 585W Voltage of system: 24V Load current: 585W/24=24.4A Load working hours: 24 hours Battery spare time: 72hours (3Days), discharge depth of 75%.

Battery

4.2. Design proposal

Solar-Wind Hybrid Power Supply System A hybrid renewable energy system utilizes two or more energy production methods, usually solar and wind power. The major advantage of solar / wind hybrid system is that when solar and wind power production are used together, the reliability of the system is enhanced. Additionally, the size of battery storage can be reduced slightly as there is less reliance on one method of power production. Often, when there is no sun, there is plenty of wind. In comparison to solar modules, wind turbines can offer a more favorable Kina per watt ratio. Solar Online Australia's hybrid systems utilize the industry's leading high quality components to ensure reliable performance and long life. The design inclusive of MPPT (Multi Point Power Tracking) enhances the operational efficiency by 20% hence the entire system design would be modular and most modern.
Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

4.2.1Design Methodology
We propose that the solar system take advantage of the solar energy, When there is not enough sunshine, the fully charged battery shall supply the electricity needed with the backup wind generator to provide the auxiliary power generation, that sustains non-stop supply to the radio transmission load and charging the power storage in the batteries. The Hybrid Controlling System would be as follows 1. Solar Wind Powered Generator 2. Charge Controller 3. Distribution Unit 4. Battery Bank

GREEN Solar-wind hybrid controlling system

Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

4.2.2. Solar Photovoltaic

The efficiency of a solar cell may be broken down into reflectance efficiency, thermodynamic efficiency, charge carrier separation efficiency and conductive efficiency. The overall efficiency is the product of each of these individual efficiencies.
The output of a solar array depends on the type of panels used, the amount of sunshine, temperature, orientation and atmospheric conditions. As a guide, a 1kW [1000W] solar array installed in an unobstructed sunny position in Papua New Guinea will produce an average daily output as follows: Poly Crystalline solar array 4.0kWh/day Mono Crystalline solar array 4.2kWh/day Amorphous solar array 4.9kWh/day

Due to the direct applicability and lower TCO (Total Cost of Ownership) and high efficiency mono-crystalline solar PV is proposed as a primary part of power supply for Mt. Konokalang radio repeater site.

Mono Crystalline Solar Array: The array comprises a number of interconnected and usually identical solar panels. The panels typically have a nameplate rating of between 64W and 160W and have a nominal voltage of either 12V or 24V. The operating voltage of each panel is determined by the inverter, which continuously adjusts the voltage of the array so as to yield maximum output. The peak power voltage depends on the intensity of the sunlight and also on temperature. For a nominal 12V panel it typically lies between 15V and 17V, for a nominal 24V panel the values are 30V to 34V.

Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

Calculation of Solar Panels Capacity

The electricity generated by the solar energy must be no less than the load power consumption so as to avoid frequent initiation of the battery. Therefore the solar power configuration must be based on the system load in the day. The sunshine irradiation is weak in the morning and at night, while strong at noon. Usually the light intensity of 8a.m. and 16p.m. is half of that of the noon. In order to let the solar energy to power the full electricity needed in the best sunshine days, fairly good sunshine days, cloudy days and even longer time, the configuration of the solar panels must be N times of the load. Solar PV Power S=JUIT+24NI/NH SSolar PV power (WP) JDust sheltering coefficient 1 USystem output voltage: 24V ILoad current: 24.4A TContinued power supply time: 72 Hours NTime consuming complement battery (3day) HThe local daily average effective sunshine time: 5.5h/day Working efficiency of the solar controlling system95% S= JU IT+24NI /NH= 35.50.95 =5380Wp 1 24(24.472+24324.4) /

Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

4.2.3. The MagLev Wind Power Generator

The system is proposed with TIMAR MagLev wind turbine generator. The combined Darrieus-Savonius hybrid wind turbine, under the light theory of magnetic levitation technology, fan motor will be rotated by wind power without any mechanical friction in the motor case. Because no lubricant ,no gear , once wind of Grade 1 comes, high-performance power generation, smooth operation. The 'MagLev generator' is said to be the permanent magnetic levitation wind power is generator. an Magnetic new levitation important

development to reduce stress from the mechanical load on the wind turbine. It is being wind regarded in the power as a key of

breakthrough global

evolution

technology,

boosting generation capacity by as much as 20% over traditional wind turbines, and dropping operational costs by as much as 50%. Product overview - Maglev wind turbine: The design of wind turbine----maglev wind turbine integrates Exterior Design, Practical design, Electrical Engineering, Power Mechanics, Aviation atmosphere engineering, Wind Tunnel Testing, Magnetic Levitation Theory with Computer Simulation of Fractional, adopting the magnetic levitation theory-when there is no mechanical friction with the motor, under the push of wind, makes the motor rotate smoothly and stably. So the wind turbines minimum rotating wind speed achieves 1m/s.
Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

Compared with the traditional wind solar hybrid system, TIMAR wind solar hybrid system fully makes use of the energy of low wind speed. The generating efficiency has been improved at least 35%. Meanwhile, it is not influenced by the wind direction and has effectively overcome the influence of turbulence. Its requiring installation height is obviously lower, resulting with widely application scope and increasing application value.

Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

Technical Descriptions and Rating of MegLev Wind Turbine Generator Rated Power: 1000W Wind wheel diameter: 2.4M/2.5M Weight: 150KG Blade Material: Aluminum Alloy The number of blade: 3 Minimum wind speed start: 1m/s Minimum power wind speed: 2m/s Minimum charge wind speed: 3m/s Rated wind speed: 13m/s Maximum cut off wind speed: 15m/s Resistant to wind speed limit: 60m/s The type of Generator: Three-Phase AC Maglev Wind Turbine Controller Output Voltage: 24V Controller Output Current: <50Amp Controller brake system: Over speed automatic Three-phase short-circuit braking Normal operating temperature: -3050

Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

4.2.4. Calculation of Battery Capacity of the proposed system

The formula of battery bank capacity: C=KIT/[1-0.006(25-t)] K: capacity coefficient: 1; I: working current of the loads: 24.4A T: battery bank successive powering time: 72 hours; : depth of discharge (DOD): 75%; t: battery working temp. 25 as standard.

The total equivalent load is 585W. Based on the system working voltage of 24V, the equivalent current is 585W/24V=24.4A. With all the figures that arrive: C=2343Ah, with 1 groups of 2500Ah batteryTotal 2500Ah battery bank. In accordance with the PV installation conditions and the weather conditions of the BTS, GREEN would implement the battery banks capable of reserving electricity for the loads to run 72 hours so even if it is cloudy or there is any abnormal function of the power supplying devices , the system would at least have a back up day till the next sunny day.

Battery Equivalent Load 585W Discharge Coefficient 0.75

Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

4.2.5. Solar Wind MPPT Controller

The control system can accommodate the central module, solar control module, wind control module, AC module, DG (Diesel Generator) module and inverter module. The control system can accommodate the central module,N+1 capacity expansion mode allows hybrid power systems with different energy compositions.

The Advantage of MPPT

The Efficiency of MPPT Control System

Increases PV array output by up to 30%.

Improving the integral work efficiency to 95%; The solar system with MPPT could save 10% solar panel, comparing with non-MPPT one.

MPPT has high efficiency of fast charging under sunshine, especially when the storage battery is power-lack.

Precise management of batteries. Realizing the temperature compensation function of floating/absorb charge. The Function of Independent Voltage Regulation The system could supply the power without storage batteries. The system could manage the floating/absorb charge, Protection against the deep discharge of the battery, It could prolong the life of battery up to 3 or 4 years. Modular Design, Integrated Comprehensive Controller Modular Design could improve the power supply reliability, and easy for tests and maintenances. Integrated working mode allowed mixed power supplies. The automatic selection sequence is solar power- urban electric (wind power) battery. It could protect the service performance and prolong the power supply time of battery.

Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

Concept Representation of GREEN RE Hybrid Power System For PNG Air Services Radio Repeater

Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

5. COMMERCIAL PROPOSAL
5.1. Costing
No . Qty . Rating & Remark 18 2 4500WP 200A Price (PGK)

Description

Type

Unit

Components and Equipments 1 2 Solar PV Panel Solar control module MegLev Wind Turbine Generator Wind Control module Central MPPT Controlling Module Battery Bank Solar Cabinet / Shed Solar Base Mountings / Shed Mounting Accessories S- 250 WP XSTD24V Unit 100A TIMAR MegLev 1KW 24V/60A XTD24CB 24V2500 Ah XS1050 XTP-6 XSF100 No. Unit Unit

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

1 1 1 1 1 9 10 Works

1KW 60A

Group No. Set/Gro up Set/grou p

2500AH

TOTAL (Estimated Cost Excluding Civil Installation Charges and Freight Charges) 10 11 12 Freight

and

To Mt. Konokalang in New Ireland Province Civil Work On Site Installation Estimate d Full System

GRAND TOTAL Excluding GST

Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

5.2. Terms and Conditions

Administrative and Management: A1. GREEN Limited would provide the entire power system supply, installation and commissioning along with accessories. A2. GREEN Limited technical team would operate under the deputed Project Manager to handle the installation upon approval by PNG Air Services. A3. PNG Air Services is required to appoint the project co-coordinator to liaise, on and technical details. Technical and Training: B1. The project charter as per the scope would be raised by GREEN Limited and at the submitted for PNG Air Services. termination point and PNG Air Services would take the with their engineering team. B2. GREEN Limited technical team would ensure the required output radio tower power testing designated PNG Air behalf, to provide the necessary information

B3. GREEN Limited would provide maintenance training to the Services personnel.

Time and Delivery: C1. The supply of renewable energy Solar and Wind power generators within five weeks of order confirmation. C2. The installation and implementation would take place for two weeks from the material arrival on site. C3. The commissioning would be eighth week of order confirmation. Payment and Order: D1. The general payment term is 60% advance, 20% upon material arrival and 20% upon installation completion and delivery. D2. The order to be confirmed by the client upon the agreeing on the technical scope and terms and conditions.

Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

6. CONCLUSION
The project would be first of it is kind in Papua New Guinea with most modern renewable energy hybrid system. Having proven the quality of service in many countries the system can provide the required service level to PNG Air Services. A similar The recent installation, with solar and TIMAR maglev wind turbine, in Indonesia of similar requirement proving to be the best of solution breed for a most critical requirement of aviation navigation equipment power supply and sustaining support. With the guarantee, the proposed system would prove and provide the bench mark for the telecommunication / radio repeater equipments' power supply with ease of use and peace of mind.

Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

MT KONOKALANG RADIO PNG AIR SERVICES Ltd. REPEATER SITE SOLAR-WIND PO Box 684, Boroko, NCD Solar-Wind Hybrid Power System For Radio Site - A GREEN HYBRID POWER SYSTEM

GREEN Limited

Limited Proposal to PNG Air Services

PO Box 1243, Port Moresby, NCD