TT2932 Kuliah 1 ASAS PSIKOLOGI SUKAN Psychology

the scientific study of human behavior

mental processes Definisi Psikologi Sukan The study of psychological foundations of physical activity (Morgan, 1972) The application of science of psychology to sport (Singer,1978). The study of behavior relates to sport (Tutko,1979) Applied subdivision of general psychology (Cratty, 1983) The effect of sport itself on human behavior (Alderman, 1980) The principles of psychology are applied in sports setting (Cox, 1985) Subcategory of psychology focusing on athletes and athletics (Cratty, 1989)

The branch of sport and exercise science that seeks to provide answers to question about human behavior in sport (Gill, 1986). The educational, scientific, and professional contribution of psychology to the promotion, maintenance, and enhancement of sport-related behavior (Rejeski & Brawley, 1983). As what sport psychologist do (Martens, 1980) The scientific study of people and their behavior in sport and exercise activities (Weinberg & Gould, 1995) Scientific study of behavioral, affective, and cognitive reactions to sport settings, including the reactions of both participants and spectators (Daniel L Wann, 1997). Perspectives on Sport Psychology

Sub-discipline of psychology Sub-discipline of sport and exercise sciences Relationship, interface between sport psychology and psychology Cross-disciplinary perspectives (Figure)

Psychologists DO? 36 % academic settings 22 % independent setting 17 % hospitals/clinics 12 % business or government agencies 6 % counseling & guidance

5 % school system 2 % others Sport Psychologists Do? to to to to to to develop performance improvement use psychological assessment techniques improve communication provide crisis intervention services provide consultative and program development services function as a therapist

Topics

Personality factors Attitudes Competitive anxiety Achievement motivation Sport performance: self-control Imagery Concentration Relaxation Cognitive skill development Ruang litup

Motor learning Mental & emotional process Social relations

Using..

Physical method Cognitive relaxation techniques

Biofeedback Types of Sport Psychologist Sport Psychologist Applied Sport Psychologists apply sport-specific and general psychological theory and research to sport settings in an attempt to increase the psychological well-being, health and performance of athletics participants Experimental sport psychologists primarily interested in conducting research to further the knowledge and understanding of the psychology of sport.

Clinical Sport Psychologists

- Specially trained to deal with the various emotional problems and personality disorders experienced by athletes (e.g depression, eating disorders) Educational Sport Psychologists Individuals with an understanding of the principles of sport psychology who attempt to transmit this information to athletes and coaches