TMT 15

- ToxicoIogy / EcoIogy / Properties of Precipitates

Application information / nfo 15 E
25/11/2010
TMT 15

is a ready-to-use 15% aqueous solution of trimercapto-s-triazine, trisodiumsalt, an organosulfide that

represents the active agent. The following are our comments on the data contained in the material safety data
sheet.
1. ToxicoIogy
Acute toxicity
The LD50 (rat, oral) of TMT 15

is relatively high, so that the product is not categorised as toxic according to the
GHS ordiance. Because of the irritative effect to the eyes TMT 15

is labelled with the hazard statement "H319 -

causes serious eye irritation".
TMT 15

is not regulated for transport i. e. it is not classified as dangerous good.

Mutagenicity
TMT 15

was tested for mutagenic activity in vitro using the AMES Test at nveresk Research nternational. No
mutagenic activity was registered in any of the 6 strains of bacteria used (Salmon. typhim. E. coli) up to the
highest concentration tested - 113.3 mg per plate. The Micronucleus Test on mice also showed that TMT 15

is
not mutagenic under these conditions.
2. EcoIogy
Fish toxicity
The LC0-value indicated on the material safety data sheet (fish test) of 13,720 mg TMT 15

/l (calculated for the

commercial product TMT 15

) means in practice that even an overdose of 12,000 ml of TMT 15

per cubic meter

of waste water did not kill any of the fish tested and that this concentration is still non-toxic. n purifying flue-gas
wash water from waste incinerators and power plants, for example, only 50 -100 ml of TMT 15

per cubic meter

are used for heavy metal precipitation; such an overdose would be very unlikely in practice.
BacteriaI toxicity
TMT 15 is not biodegradable but is also not acutely toxic for the bacterial coenobium. TMT 15's resistance to
biodegradation indicates that metal-TMT sludge will be very stable and that bacterial attacks will not cause the
release of metallic ions.
TMT 15 will be adsorbed on activated sludge.
Product nformation
D 4480
Page 1/4
AppIied TechnoIogy:
Evonik ndustries AG
Rodenbacher Chaussee 4
63457 Hanau
Germany
A-AK-SK-AT
Phone: +49 6181 59-2854 Fax: +49 6181 59-4266
E-mail: tmt@evonik.com
http://www.tmt15.com
SaIes & Marketing:
Evonik ndustries AG
Rodenbacher Chaussee 4
63457 Hanau
Germany
A-AK-SK
Phone: +49 6181 59-4107 Fax: +49 6181 59-4266
E-mail: tmt@evonik.com
http://www.tmt15.com
25/11/2010
Water hazard cIass
The commercial product TMT 15

was classified in the German water hazard class 1 and thus does not toxically
inhibit bacteria used for wastewater purification. Thus TMT 15

will not endanger the degradation process in

biological sewage-treatment plants. n practice, the opposite will more likely be the case - that, by precipitating
bacteriotoxic heavy metal traces, TMT 15

will have a certain "protective" value for bacteria.

TMT 15

-excess dosage
t was determined in tests that, on the basis of the amount of TMT 15

normally used in practice - 50-100 ml of

TMT 15

/cubic meter of flue gas wash water, TMT 15

added in excess of this amount - in relation to the metallic

ions dissolved in the waste water - does not remain in free (= dissolved form). Rather it reacts with the metal
hydroxide already formed by pre-neutralisation and converts them into sparingly soluble metal-TMT compounds.
Thus any TMT 15

excess is used up, and does not remain in solution.

TMT 15

-detection and identification

The combined use of lime and TMT 15

results in a sludge that consists mainly of hydroxides and contains only

small - although varying - amounts of metal-TMT compounds. Following separation of this sludge no TMT 15

is
detected in the clarified water. Our nfo 5 contains a micro-assay method for TMT 15

.
3. Properties of precipitates (Heavy MetaI-TMT-Compounds)
Composition
Defined metal-TMT compounds are produced by precipitation out of aqueous solution. The composition of these
compounds was established by way of elementary analysis, whereby it was demonstrated that each TMT
molecule can bind three equivalent heavy metals. This results in the following formal compounds:
Monovalent metals
3 Me
+
+ TMT
3-
Me3TMT (low solubility)
Bivalent metals
3 Me
2+
+ 2 TMT
3-
Me3 (TMT)2 (low solubility)
Me
+
, Me
2+
= heavy metal
TMT
3-
= C3N3S3
3-
TMT thus reacts as a complete molecule. No hydrogen sulphide is split off and true metal-organic compounds -
no metallic sulphides - are formed! n the case of the bivalent metals three-dimensional networks - in effect
macromolecules - seem to be present.
Product nformation
D 4480
Page 2/4
EIutabiIity
Experiments with copper-TMT sludge (mass = 100 g DS per mixture) were carried out in accordance with DN
38414, Part 4 "Determination of Elutability with water" (S 4). The eluate was found by means of AAS to contain <
0,05 mg Cu/l after 24 h of eluation.
An German waste-to-energy plant, in cooperation with various Bavarian authorities, carried out large-scale elution
trials with original sludge stemming from flue-gas scrubber water treatment. The results show that here also, as
far as we are currently capable of detecting, only minimal traces of resolubilised metal compounds could be found
in the eluates.
Additionally we have carried out our own laboratory-scale elution trials with various sludges containing heavy
metals from waste incinerators according to the German (DN 38 414) as well as the Swiss (TVA Switzerland)
guidelines. The results we achieved were also very good. We will be happy to provide a detailed report on
request.
LeachabiIity tests
Weather exposure tests were carried out for 125 days with copper-TMT sludge (filter-moist, approx. 20 % DS).
Rain water that had seeped through the sample was caught in an open bottle and thus became more and more
concentrated through evaporation. n spite of these especially stringent conditions - as compared to a landfill
where seepage does not evaporate - the concentration of copper in the collected water was well under 1 mg of
Cu/l (pH 5.7 - 6.5).
SoIubiIity products and soIubiIity in water
Conditions: 24 C, pH 7, 72 h of agitation to achieve equilibrium, determination of metal concentrations in water
by means of AAS. Metal concentrations of, in some cases, far under 1 mg/l (0.0001 to 1 mg/l) were detected. The
solubility products of metal-TMT compounds are within the same order of magnitude as the metal sulphides; they
are, however, considerably lower then the corresponding metal hydroxides.
ThermaI stabiIity
Hg3 (TMT)2 does not decompose until temperatures above 210 C are reached. Decomposition occurs in several
stages, being faster in an air atmosphere than in a nitrogen atmosphere (test method: thermogravimetry, 5
C/Min., 30 - 300 C). No amount of mercury worth mentioning is lost during decomposition. A 2.4 % loss of Hg is
first registered in a 1-hour holding test at 300 C with exposure to the air. The decomposition products were not
analysed. Mercury sulphide may be formed (sublimation point 580 C).
25/11/2010
Reactions with acids and oxidising agents
Metal-TMT compounds show practically no reaction with diluted acids, nor is any hydrogen sulphide released.
Concentrated acids do, however, dissolve considerable amounts of metals out of the precipitates. Strong
oxidising agents (conc. HNO3, H2O2, NaClO etc.) destroy the metal-TMT compounds.
Product nformation
D 4480
Page 3/4
BacteriaI decomposition
TMT is not biodegradable. The bacterial decomposition that may take place in a landfill was not investigated due
to a lack if reproducible test methods. Under certain conditions, metallic sulphides are possible as final products.
25/11/2010
Hindrance of TMT 15

precipitation
The presence of high concentrations of strong complexing agents (EDTA, etc.) may reduce the effectiveness of
TMT 15

precipitation. TMT 15

is destroyed by strong oxidising agents.

This information and all further technical advice is based on our present knowledge and experience. However, it implies no liability or other legal responsibility on
our part, including with regard to existing third party intellectual property rights, especially patent rights. n particular, no warranty, whether express or implied, or
guarantee of product properties in the legal sense is intended or implied. We reserve the right to make any changes according to technological progress or further
developments. The customer is not released from the obligation to conduct careful inspection and testing of incoming goods. Performance of the product described
herein should be verified by testing, which should be carried out only by qualified experts in the sole responsibility of a customer. Reference to trade names used
by other companies is neither a recommendation, nor does it imply that similar products could not be used.
Product nformation
D 4480
Page 4/4