Induction Machine Example Problems

http://www.ece.ualberta.ca/~knight/electrical_machines/induction/basic...

Fundamentals Introduction Power & Torque

Design Aspects Construction Torque-Speed Curve

Starting

Parameters Principles of Operation Peak Torque & Power

Operation Equivalent Circuit Examples

Equivalent Circuit Model Analysis Example

A 480V, 60 Hz, 6-pole, three-phase, delta-connected induction motor has the following parameters: R1=0.461 , R2=0.258 , X1=0.507 , X2=0.309 , Xm=30.74 Rotational losses are 2450W. The motor drives a mechanical load at a speed of 1170 rpm. Calculate the following information: i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. Synchronous speed in rpm slip Line Current Input Power Airgap Power Torque Developed Output Power in Hp Efficiency

Comments

This machine has no iron loss resistance, so the equivalent circuit is as follows:

i. Synchronous speed is given by:

Therefore ns = 1200 rpm ii. Slip is given by

Using the rpm equation, s = (1200-1170)/1200 = 0.025 iii. Now, phase current is given by

where phase impedance is given by

Using the above equation, Zin = 9.57 + j3.84 And noting that the machine is delta connected, V1 = VLL = 480V I1 = 43.1 - j17.4 A. |I1| =46.6 A, = -21.9 Therefore IL = 3 46.6 = 80.6 A iv. Input power is given by:

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Induction Machine Example Problems

http://www.ece.ualberta.ca/~knight/electrical_machines/induction/basic...

Therefore: Pin = 62.2 kW v. To find airgap power, There are two possible approaches: a. Airgap power is the input power minus stator losses. In this case the core losses are grouped with rotational loss. Therefore Pgap = 62.2 kW - 3 46.62 0.461 Pgap = 59.2 kW b. Airgap Power is given by

This approach requires rotor current to be found. With no core loss resistance:

Giving I2 = 43.7 A. Substituting into the power equation Pgap = 59.2kW vi. Torque developed can be found from

where synchronous speed in radians per second is given by

giving = 471 Nm vii. Output power in horsepower is the output power in Watts divided by 746. (there are 746 W in one Hp). and Therefore output power in Watts is:Pout = 55.3kW Pout = 74.1 Hp viii. Efficiency is given by

Therefore = 55.3/62.2 = 88.9%

Thevenin Circuit Model Analysis Example

For the machine in the previous example, find:

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Induction Machine Example Problems

http://www.ece.ualberta.ca/~knight/electrical_machines/induction/basic...

i. ii. iii. iv.

Thevenin circuit parameters and Thevenin voltage Pullout slip Pullout Torque Start Torque

Using Matlab or Excel (or another computer program) plot the torque speed curve for slip in the range 0 to 1 i. Thevenin circuit parameters and Thevenin voltage: Thevenin circuit parameters an voltage can be found using the equations provided on the formula sheet, or from first principles. The Thevenin voltage is the voltage applied to the rotor assuming that the rotor current is zero. Thevenin impedance is the impedance of the stator part of the circuit, seen from the rotor, assuming that the stator supply is short circuited.

Substituting the equivalent circuit parameters in to the above equations gives: VTH = 475.2 V, RTH = 0.452 , XTH = 0.313 ii. Pullout slip The slip at which maximum torque occurs can be found from maximum power transfer theory. Maximum torque and maximum airgap power occur at the same slip, therefore maximum torque occurs when

iii. Pullout Torque Pullout torque can be found by substituting the above pullout slip into the Thevenin torque equation

or from the maximum torque equation directly

Substituting into the above equation:

iv. Start Torque Start torque can be found by setting s=1 in the above equation for torque.

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Induction Machine Example Problems

http://www.ece.ualberta.ca/~knight/electrical_machines/induction/basic...

Either Matlab or Excel can be used to produce a torque speed plot with fairly minimal effort. The file thevenin_torque_speed.m is a script which may be run to produce the Matlab plot below

The file excel_trq_speed_example.xls contains an example of how to produce an Excel plot of the curve (shown below). Note that this file uses complex arithmetic, which is part of the Excel "Analysis ToolPak" add-in. (Select Tools > Add-ins, Analysis ToolPak

Andy Knight

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08-Jan-2012 8:49 PM

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