ISSN : 2229-4333(Print) | ISSN : 0976-8491(Online)

IJCSt Vol. 2, ISSue 2, June 2011

MFTP Ethernet Provision (MEP)

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Dept. of ECE, CT Intstitute of Technology, Shahpur, Jalandhar, Punjab, India

Traditionally, SDH has been the sole transport network and thus has carried all of the telecommunication service providers traffic, including voice, video and data.. However, the interfaces provided by SDH equipment for the first 10 years or so (since about 1990 to 2002) were restricted to the rates used by the older plesiochronous digital hierarchy (PDH) systems, namely, 2/34/140 Mbps,or the standard SDH rates, 155/622/2488 Mbps. Data typically originates within an enterprise local area network (LAN), invariably Ethernet at 10, 100 or 1000 Mbps. The first step that the SDH standards, and equipment vendors, took to support a data friendly network was to provide Ethernet interfaces (10/100/1000 Mbps) on the SDH equipment in addition to PDH and SDH interfaces. The provision of Ethernet interfaces on SDH equipment is based on the Generic framing Procedure (GFP), Virtual Concatenation (VCAT) and Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS). Ethernet-over-SDH/SONET or EoS standards Next-generation SDH equipment supporting these EoS standards has been deployed since early 2007; In this mode, no Layer 2 switching is made to client Ethernet signals. The packets are encapsulated to the SDH Virtual Container (VC) directly. The cost is the lowest among all technical implementations. The new type Ethernet unit features these aspects: 1) Applied to interworking between different manufacturers. It uses GFP in line with ITU-T G.7041 to encapsulate packets. Compared with the old Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) and LAPS, the higher-standardization GFP helps interworking and improve the flexibility of metropolitan networking much better. 2) Flexible and variable mapping granules: It supports mapping granules of VC12, VC3 and VC4. It features adjustable VC quantity mapped into one Virtual Container Trunk (VC Trunk) and flexible bandwidth allocation so as to improve bandwidth utilization. 3) Use LCAS to improve the robustness of virtual concatenation: By adding LCAS function to the virtual concatenation technology, it can conFig. the system capacity via the transmission network management system (NM) in real time by adding or reducing the number of VCs that joint in virtual concatenation so as to change the bandwidth over service and avoid damaging the borne services during the changing process. Multidirectional convergence function:the stronger the port convergence function is, the stronger the system. 4) It can achieve service convergence from FE to GE and from FE to FE. In this case, it saves service ports and reduces the port pressure of the convergent nodes. II. GFP (Genetic Framing Procedure) Ethernet traffic needed to be mapped onto VCGs and while more than one method is defined, the most prevalent today is the GFP that is defined by the ITU-T in G.7041. GFP allows mapping of variable length, higher-layer, client signals which can be both protocol-data-unit oriented (like IP/PPP or Ethernet) or can be
InternatIonal Journal of Computer SCIenCe and teChnology

Anurag Sharma, 2Rashmi

Abstract To be able to provide an infrastructure for high-revenue broadband services like triple play, operators are working feverishly to deploy modern networks capable of supporting TV and video streaming. But pure-bred next-generation networks with end-to-end IP infrastructure will remain the exception in the foreseeable future. Even in modern carrier networks, traditional lines will continue to play a role, and technologies like Ethernet over SDH are making it possible to build pragmatic solutions. Keywords MFTP, Ethernet, SDH, WAN I. Introduction The STM-based Multi Facility Transmission Podium (MFTP) has become the most primary technology for the transmission networks. All major equipment manufacturers have launched new functions of the MFTP, among the new functional specifications of the MFTP; the Ethernet service has the major effect on the MFTP. The popularity of Ethernet is due to a number of reasons, not least the extreme cost-efficiency and the generally well accepted properties of Ethernet. The market potential for WAN services delivered with Ethernet interfaces is very substantial; Ethernet technology dominates the market for Local Area Networks (LAN), and Ethernet interfaces are ubiquitous, inexpensive and reliable. Ethernet service has promising application and development prospect for the three reasons: The uplink interfaces on user Local Area Network (LAN) equipments can provide Fast Ethernet (FE) interfaces. It features good flexibility and convenient bandwidth adjustment. The rate of the FE interface can be expanded from 64 K to 100 M without replacing user-end and officeend equipment or cable resources. Good cost performance ratio. You can use existing twistedpair copper cables without the need to re-laying lines. In addition, you can use fibers for long-distance access.

Therefore, the most important characteristic of the MFTP is Ethernet service processing

Fig 1: Ethernet over optical

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ISSN : 2229-4333(Print) | ISSN : 0976-8491(Online)

block-code oriented (like Fibre Channel). There is a one-to-one mapping between a higher-layer PDU and a GFP PDU. Specifically, the boundaries of the GFP PDU are aligned with boundaries of the framed higher layer PDUs. This relationship between Ethernet MAC frames and GFP frames is illustrated in Fig. 2.

The Ethernet unit receives the data, which are encapsulated by protocols of GFP. After that, the Ethernet unit maps the packet into SDH virtual-concatenation VC Trunk at the granularity of VC4/VC3/VC12. The Ethernet unit maps the FE signal into VC3/VC12. The GE signal can be mapped not only into the VC4, but also the VC3/ VC12. By this means, it achieves interworking. It maps the GE signal into the VC4 if the signal is transparently transmitted. It converges many FE signals into one GE when mapping into VC3 or VC12. Compared with VC4, VC3 and VC12feature bandwidth, precise granularity adjustment and high bandwidth utilization. Table No.I shows the comparison of the virtual concatenation numbers at the wire rate when Ethernet signals adopt various-level mapping granularities. Finally, the user may wish to add or delete members from a VCG, or this may be required to be done in response to network faults. The protocol for adding and removing VCG members automatically is specified by the ITU-T in G.7042 [3] and is termed Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS). LCAS also provides a reasonable protection mechanism for Ethernet circuits without physically consuming the bandwidth as in the case of Layer-1 SDH protection mechanisms: Table 1: VC CAPACITY Mapping granule VC12 VC3 VC4 Payload capacity 2.176 M 48.384 M 149.370 M 10M VC number 4 100M VC number 46 2 1 1000M VC number 460 20 7

Fig. 2: Ethernet Frame Mapping into GFP framing PLI:-Payload length indicator cHEC: Core Header Checksum tHEC: Type Header Checksum III. Virtual Concatenation and Mapping To meet the increasing bandwidth demand of the data services, the Ethernet unit adopts the virtual concatenation.

Summary: At the wire rate, if using VC12/VC3, the bandwidth utilization is high; if using VC4, it is easy to waste bandwidth. Compared with VC12, the number of VC3s is smaller than that of VC12s at the wire rate. In this case, it reduces difficulties in operation, maintenance and management. IV. Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation Along with virtual concatenation, the capability to dynamically change the amount a bandwidth used for a virtual concatenated channel is being developed. This capability is commonly referred to as Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS). Signaling messages are exchanged within the SONET overhead in order to change the number of tributaries being used by a Virtually Concatenated Group (VCG). The number of tributaries may be either reduced or increased, and the resulting bandwidth change may be applied without loss of data in the absence of network errors. The ability to change the amount of bandwidth allows for further engineering of the data network and providing new services. Bandwidth can be adjusted based on time-of-day demands and seasonal fluctuations. For example, businesses can subscribe to higher bandwidth connections (for backup etc.) when the demand for bandwidth is low and hence the cost is lower. LCAS can further provide tuning of the allocated bandwidth. If the initial bandwidth allocation is only for the average amount of traffic rather than the full peak bandwidth, and the average bandwidth usage changes over time, the allocation can be modified to reflect this change.

Fig 3: Virtual Concatenation

Fig. 4: Bandwidth Efficiency Increased With VC

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IJCSt Vol. 2, ISSue 2, June 2011

V. Conclusion Ethernet over SDH is useful technology, which saves the bandwidth and increases the efficiency of the fiber. Addition and Deletion of members are possible without downing the link to the customer i.e. variable data rate can be provided to the customer according to the requirement. References [1] ITU std G.7041/Y.1303 [2] ITU std G.7042/Y.1305 [3] [Online] Available: http://www.tellabs.com/products/6000/ tlab63xxeosdh.pdf [4] [Online] Available: http://www.scribd.com/doc/9230100/ Ethernet-Over-SDHWhitepaper [5] [Online] Available: http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/cc/ pd/olpl/metro/on15303/prodlit/sdhcs_ov.pdf [6] [Online] Available: http://www.rad.com/staticfiles/Static%20 Files/MediaItems/5107_Triple_Play.pdf [7] [Online] Available: http://www.tpack.com/fileadmin/user_ upload/Public _Attachment/P-OTN_v1_web.pdf [8] [Online] Available: http://www.interoute.com/serviceprovider/bandwidth/ethernet?section=intro [9] [Online] Available: www.vitesse.com/ce/load.php?fid=1 [10] [Online] Available: www.questnet.net.au/.../Mark_Williams_ Questnet_Metro_Enet.pdf [11] [Online] Available: http://www.nortel.com/corporate/news/ newsreleases/2002a/02_11_02_ope.html [12] [Online] Available: http://www.maximic.com/appnotes/ index.mvp/i d/3849 [13] [Online] Available: http://www.networkcomputing.com/ data-networking-management/analysis-carrier-ethernet. php?p=2 [14] [Online] Available: http://www.datasheetarchive.com/ search.php?q=gigabit+ethernet+over+sdh&max=500&sca nnesc=an [15] [Online] Available: http://www.altera.com/literature/wp/wp01098-arria-ii-gx-ng-sonet-sdh-pdh-mspp.pdf [16] [Online] Available: http://www.ecitele.com/Products/NGSDHSONET/Network%20Management/LightSoft/The%20 Role%20of%20Network%20Management %20Systems. pdf [17] [Online] Available: http://www.davantel.com/user/image/ eos_white_paper.pdf [18] [Online] Available: http://www.belllabs.com/user/anurag/ papers/ Infocom2005- DiffDelay.pdf [19] [Online] Available: http://wirelesslab.sjtu.edu.cn/resource/ publication/Conference/XGLSG09.PDF

Rashmi received her B.Tech degree in Electronics and Communication from Lovely Institute of Technology, Punjab, India in 2010. She is an Assistant Professor in Department of Electronics And Communication Engg, CT Institute of Technology, from 2010.Her research Interests include Digital Signal Processing, Computer Networks, Electronics Devices and Circuits, VHDL Programming Techniques.

Anurag Sharma received his B.Tech Degree in Electronics and Communication from DAV institute of Technology, Punjab, India.

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