NAMA Cfs Booklet

Updated in December 2011
Cambodia China India Indonesia Lao PDR Mongolia The Philippines Thailand
P. 1-6 P. 7-18 P. 19-30 P. 31-38 P. 39-44 P. 45-54 P. 55-64 P. 65-72
National Climate Change Policy Relevant Policy for Market Mechanisms Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) Institutional Frameworks (1) Organisation Charts (2) National Climate Change Policy Information on GHG and NAMAs Market Mechanism Instruments CDM Information (1) Current Status of CDM (2) CDM Project Information Designated National Authority (DNA) Information (1) DNA Structure (2) DNA Approval Procedure (3) DNA Approval Criteria CDM Relevant Information
AAU
ACM AM AMS AR
Assigned Amount Unit

Approved Consolidated Methodology Approved Methodology Approved small scale methodologies Afforestation and Reforestation
BM
CDM CER DNA DOE
Build Margin
Clean Development Mechanism Certified Emission Reduction Designated National Authority Designated Operational Entity
EB
GHG LoA NAMAs OM
CDM Executive Board

Greenhouse Gas Letter of Approval Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions Operating Margin
PIN/PCN
PDD
Project Idea Note/ Project Concept Note

Project Design Document United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Verified Emission Reduction
UNFCCC
VER
Institute for Global Environmental Strategies
Ministry of Environment The Royal Government of Cambodia
National Climate Change Policy in Cambodia

Name Cambodias Climate Change Strategic Plan (CCCSP) (in process) Objective Scope To help Cambodia and its National Climate Change Committee (NCCC) to address climate change impacts in the country. To prepare Cambodia to take opportunities of global funding support for climate change initiatives that contribute to sustainable development and poverty reduction. To provide strategic guidance on how Cambodia can contribute to emission reduction, paving the way for a green-growth low-carbon development of the country. Climate change and climate hazard/risk profile in the country; Policy response to climate change according to Cambodia position and priorities in accordance with regional and international frameworks on climate change; Adaptation: primarily focusing on priority sectors and sub-sectors such as agriculture, water resources, fisheries, forest, human health, coastal zone, biodiversity, protected areas, and their key policy responses; Mitigation: focusing on energy and non-energy sectors to support green growth development.
Source: Climate Change Department (CCD), Ministry of Environment of Cambodia (MoE)
Recent Activities in Cambodia
Event The First National Forum on Climate Change The Second National Forum on Climate Change
Date 19-21 Oct. 2009 3 5 Oct. 2011
Venue Phnom Penh Phnom Penh
Source: Climate Change Department , Ministry of Environment of Cambodia < www.camclimate.org.kh > UNDP Cambodia < http://www.un.org.kh/undp/pressroom/press-releases/cambodias-first-national-forum-on-climate-change >
Institutional Framework Organisation Charts

Climate change management structure
National Climate Change committee Cambodian DNA Honorary Chaired by prime minister UNFCCC & KP Focal Point
Ministry of environment
Climate Change Department
IPCCC Focal Point
NCCC Secretariat
Ad hoc Inter-ministerial Working Group on Energy
Ad hoc Inter-ministerial Working Group on Forestry

GHG Inventory & Mitigation Vulnerability & Adaptation Policy & Coordination
Admin & planning
Education & Outreach
Source: CCD, MoE
The Climate Change Department (CCD) which is established under the Mnistry of Environment (MoE) of Cambodia has broader responsibilities with its mission to contribute to sustainable development under climate change conditions and in accordance with the policy of the Royal Government of Cambodia. The National Climate Change Committee (NCCC), the inter-ministerial level, was established in April 2006 with the mandate to prepare, coordinate and monitor the implementation of policies, strategies, legal instruments, plans and programmes of the Royal Government to address climate change issues. NCCC is hosted by MoE and coordinated by Climate Change Department (CCD).
Source: CCD, MoE
Information on GHG and Mitigation actions

GHG Emissions in 2000
Gg CO2 e.q.
Potential Savings by all Mitigation Options

30,000
Gg CO2 e.q.
Waste 229 0%
Energy 3,443 7%
25,000 20,000 15,000
28% saving compared to the baseline
Land Use Change & Forestry 23,600 49%
10,000
Agriculture 21,111 44% 5,000 0 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
GHG emissions scenario with all mitigation options
Other Sectors
Transport Sector
Manufacturing Industries
Baseline senario
Source: CCD, MoE
Energy Industries
Mitigation options
Energy Industries Grid Connection REEs Grid Connection Auto Producers Grid Connection Battery Charging Stations Solar Power Plant Solar Home Systems Pico,Mini and Micro Hydro Rice Husks for Electricity Generation Energy efficiency end users Energy efficient buildings Methane emissions reduction from hydro dams
Source: CCD, MoE
Manufacturing Industries Rice milling, Garment and Brick Works Organic Waste Methane recovery Rice Husk Briquettes Efficient Charcoal Production Landfill gas recovery Cement Production heat recovery Biofuel
Transport Sector Hybrid Cars Motor Vehicle Inspection Electric scooters and Bicycles Short lunch to reduce the house to work travel City Transport Master Plan Public city transport Other Sectors Efficient Cook stoves Biodigesters Water Filters Solar Lanterns Tree Planting for Cooking fuel Wind Water Pumping
CDM Information (1)Current Status of CDM in Cambodia Basic Information (as of 1 November 2011)
Project Status CDM projects approved by Cambodias DNA CDM projects registered at CDM EB CDM Project issued CERs by CDM EB CDM projects at or after the validation stage No. 7 5 1 3
CDM projects approved by DNA

(as of 1 November 2011)
Biomass 1 Biogas 4
Waste/heat gas utilisation 1
Source: CCD, MoE IGES CDM Project Database < http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/report.html >
Hydro power 2
(2)CDM Project Information Approval Status (as of 1 November 2011)

Name of CDM Project Activity
Type of Project
Supplemental Information
Annual Project Approval emission Participants Date (Host (D/M/Y) reduction (tCO2/yr) Country)
19/1/ 2006 4/7/ 2007 Angkor Bio 51,620 Cogen Co., Ltd.
T.T.Y Agricultural Plant 50,036 Development and IMEX Co. Ltd; Carbon Bridge Pte Ltd
Project Participants (Others)
Status
Angkor Bio Cogen Rice Biomass Husk Power Project T.T.Y. Cambodia Biogas Project Methane fired power generation plant in Samrong Thom Animal Husbandry,
Rice husk
Mitsubishi UFJ Registered Securities Co., Ltd. None Registered
Biogas
Agricultural Waste
Biogas
Animal Waste
15/10/ 2007 20/11/ 2008 20/11/ 2008 29/6/ 2009 03/11/ 2010
Samrong 5,593 Thom Animal Husbandry

Kampot 17,107 Cement Co., Company Ltd.
The Royal Government of 370,496 Cambodia Electricite du Cambodge
Mitsubishi UFJ Securities Co., Registered Ltd.

None Sinohydro Corporation Limited Registered
Kampot Cement Waste Waste Heat Power Generation heat/gas Project (KCC-WHG) utilisation
Kamchay Hydroelectric BOT Project Biogas Project at MH Bio-ethanol Distillery, Cambodia W2E Siang Phong Biogas Project Cambodia
Hydro
Cement production line
New reservoir
Under validation Under validation Registered
Biogas
Biogas
Agricultural Waste Agricultural Waste
MH Bio52,831 Energy Co., Ltd 27,121 W2E Siang Phong Ltd

China Huadian Lower Stung Russei Chrum 70,1199 Hydro-Electric Project (Cambodia) Co., Ltd.
None
None
Lower Stung Russei Chrum Hydro-Electric Project
Hydro
New reservoir
Vitol S.A.
Under validation
Source: CCD, MoE ;
IGES CDM Project Database < http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/report.html >
CDM Projects under development

Project Developer The C.H.D Phnom Penh Sugar Co., Ltd.
Source: CCD, MoE
Type of Project Hydro (Steung Atay) Biomass (bagasse)
Date 26/4/2010 TBC
Remarks Letter of no objection Letter of no objection
Designated National Authority (DNA) Information (1) DNA Structure

DNA Board
Policy makers (at least at the level of the Undersecretary of State) for the Board Members Ministry of Environment (MoE) Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy (MIME) Ministry of Planning (MoP) Council for the Development of Cambodia (CDC) Ministry of Public Works and Transport (MPWT) The chair is the Minister of Environment and the vice-chair is elected from either MAFF or MIME. The Board evaluates proposed CDM projects submitted to Cambodias DNA to determine whether the projects are to be approved or rejected. A proposed CDM project requires the approval of each member and also an approval letter that will be issued with the signature from the chair of the Board. The Secretariat receives project applications and checks if the Project Design Document (PDD) and other application documents are complete. Assessment using the sustainable development criteria will not be conducted by the Secretariat who are not allowed to ask for the re-submission of the project documents or to reject the project, based on such assessment. The Secretariat coordinates working groups, that assess the PDDs, and asks for the project participants to submit further information, if necessary. The Secretariat may also request domestic or international technical experts for assessment of the PDDs. The technical working group assesses the PDDs based on the sustainable development criteria. After an assessment, the technical working group submits a Project Technical Assessment Report to the DNA secretariat. The Forestry Technical Working Group Representatives from MAFF (Forest Administration, agronomy, planning) Representatives from MoE (CCD, environment impact assessment, natural conservation, one other relevant department), Representative from the RUPP Representative from the RUA * MIME and other relevant ministries are also invited, if necessary.
DNA Secretariat
The Cambodian Climate Change Department (CCD) of the MoE acts as the DNA Secretariat.
Technical Inter-ministerial Working Group

The energy technical working group Representatives from MIME (renewable energy, planning and hydroelectricity) Representatives from MOE (CCD, environment impact assessment, and one other relevant department) Representative from the Royal University of Phnom Penh (RUPP) Representative from the Royal University of Agriculture (RUA) Representative from the Institut de Technologie du Cambodge Representative from the MPWT.
Source: CCD, MoE < http://www.camclimate.org.kh/ >
(2) DNA Approval Procedure

1. The application form is provided by Cambodias DNA and required application documents should be submitted to the DNA Secretariat. The application documents are as follows. A) Documents to be submitted (mandatory): Completed application form (downloadable from the CCD web-site) PDD (Project Design Document) Sustainable Development Compliance Checklist (downloadable from the CCD web-site) Section A2 of the PDD (Description of the project activity) written in Khmer B) Documents to be submitted (optional): Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Report Stakeholders Consultation Report Environment Management Planning Report Approval letter for project investment, etc.
Submission by project participants 10 days Reject/ Re-submit
Screening by the DNA secretariat
No
Evaluation by the Interministerial Technical Working Group
Public consultation
30 days
2. The DNA Secretariat checks if the submitted documents are complete (10 days). After screening, the Secretariat notifies the 1st meeting of an inter-ministerial technical working group, sends the PDD, and conducts public consultation.
3. The inter-ministerial technical working group assesses the PDD and holds the meeting. 4. After the 1st meeting, the working group prepares the Project Technical Assessment Report (within 10days). After preparing the report, the 2nd meeting will be held. The public consultation will be ended. 5. The DNA Secretariat prepares a final evaluation report for DNA Board members (within 10 days). After submitting the report, a DNA Board meeting will be organised.
Reject/ Re-Submit
Submission of technical evaluation report, summary of public comments Yes No Decision by DNA Board
Issuance of approval letter
15 days
6. Each board member assesses the final evaluation report (within 10 days). After 10 days, a Board meeting is organised again and makes the final decision. 7. An approval letter or notification of rejection is prepared (within five days). 8. An approval letter is issued to project participants (total 45 days for issuance).
Source: CCD, MoE <http://www.camclimate.org.kh/index.php?page=searchdocument&docid=b31>
(3) DNA Approval Criteria

A sustainable development matrix is used for the assessment of a projects contribution towards sustainable development. An interministerial technical working group evaluates a proposed CDM project based on the Sustainable Development compliance checklist and PDD prepared by project participants. Evaluation criteria are classified into four groups: economic, social, environmental, and technology transfer and each indicator is evaluated according to three ratings: positive, neutral, or negative. No project is allowed to receive negative points at any indicators. If a project receives a negative point, it has to reconsider the design to satisfy the criterion and re-apply. The criteria are as follows:
Eligibility Criteria Indicator for Assessment Category 1: Environmental Protection and Improvement 1.1 Contribution to mitigation of Change of GHG emissions global climate change Change of air pollutant levels (Comparison with 1.2 Reduction in air pollution baseline scenario in the PDD) 1.3 Reduction in water pollution 1.4 Reduction in soil pollution 1.5 Reduction in noise pollution Change of water pollutant levels (Comparison with baseline scenario in the PDDs) Change of soil pollutant levels (Comparison with baseline scenario in the PDDs) Change of noise levels (Comparison with baseline scenario in the PDDs) Impact on indigenous biodiversity resources at the ecosystem, species and/or genetic levels Legislation and Policy Reference Table*
Cambodias National Communication under the UNFCCC Sub-decree on Air Pollution Control and Noise Disturbance Sub-decree on Water Pollution Control Strategic Plan on Water Resources Management and Development 2004-2008
Sub-decree on Solid Waste Management Sub-decree on Air Pollution and Noise Disturbance Draft Protected Areas Law Royal decree on the Creation and Designation of Protected Areas Draft Protected Areas Law Royal decree on the Creation and Designation of Protected Areas Law on Mineral Management and Exploration Forestry Law Community Forestry Sub-decree Sub-decree on Water Pollution Control Strategic Plan on Water Resources Management and Development 2004-2008 Draft Protected Areas Law National Poverty Reduction Strategy 2003-2005 Cambodian Millennium Development Goals 2003 Second Five-Year Socioeconomic Development Plan Sub-decree on Community Fisheries Sub-decree on Social Land Concessions Sub-decree on Community Fisheries Sub-decree on Social Land Concessions Labor Law Cambodian Millennium Development Goals 2003
1.6 Biodiversity conservation
1.7 Sustainable use of land resources Impact on land resources
1.8 Rationale use of mineral resources Rational use of mineral resources Impacts on forest resources Management/implementation plan in place to mitigate the impacts Impacts on water resources 1.10 Sustainable use of water Management/implementation plan in place to resources mitigate the impacts 1.11 Archaeological, cultural, historical Impacts on archaeological, cultural, historical and and spiritual heritage spiritual heritage Category 2: Social Enhancement of Income and Quality of Life
1.9 Sustainable use of forest resources 2.1 Poverty alleviation Impacts on livelihoods of local people
2.2 Provision infrastructures
of
community
Impacts on community infrastructure Stakeholders were consulted and minimal impact identified Change in access for the target communities to community assets
2.3 Stakeholder consultation 2.4 Access to community assets
2.5 Equity in accessing the community benefits of the project for the target Equitable access for the target communities to the community benefits of the project Communities Change in employment compared to the baseline; 2.6 Creation of employment in country no jobs are created or lost 2.7 Impact on public health Impact on public health 2.8 Gender equity Change in gender equity and women empowerment Category 3: Technology Transfer 3.1 Transfer of appropriate and best available technology - best available technology and technology well proven - best available technology and technology can easily be maintained locally - best available technology and technology appropriate for local economic and social conditions - transfer of skills for use and maintenance of technology/equipment - use of local companies to install and maintain equipment - training of local technicians in areas of expertise not available in
Cambodian Millennium Development Goals 2003 Second Five-Year Socioeconomic Development Plan
3.2 Capacity building
Cambodian Millennium Development Goals 2003 Second Five-Year Socioeconomic Development Plan
Category 4: Economic Benefits 4.1 Use of local business and Use of local businesses and industries industries 4.2 Share of project budget spent in Proportion of total budget spent in country on country Cambodian economy 4.3 Reduced dependence on Frequent use of clean energy fossil fuels (energy projects only) Dependence on fossil fuels 4.4 Reduced dependence on imported Dependence on imported energy. energy
National Poverty Reduction Strategy 2003-2005 Cambodian Millennium Development Goals 2003
Investment Law
Renewable Energy Action Plan Cambodian Millennium Development Goals 2003 Renewable Energy Action Plan Cambodian Millennium Development Goals 2003
Source: CCD, MoE. http://www.camclimate.org.kh/index.php?page=searchdocument&docid=b35 * Legislation is not fully listed from the original document. Measure legislation is only selected.
CDM Relevant Information

Kyoto Protocol Ratification Status
Ratification of the Climate Change Convention Ratification of the Kyoto Protocol Establishment of the Climate Change Office (CCCO) at the Ministry of Environment
Appointment of the Ministry of Environment as interim DNA Establishment of the National Climate Change Committee The 4th Meeting of the National Climate Change Committee Establishment of the Climate Change Department 13 December 1995 04 July 2002 23 June 2003 15 July 2003
UNFCCC Related Works

Cambodias First National Communication Cambodias National Adaptation Programme of Action to Climate Change
August 2002 October 2006
24 April 2006
29 June 2009
14 October 2009
Source: UNFCCC website < http://maindb.unfccc.int/public/country.pl?country=KH >; CCD, MoE < http://www.camclimate.org.kh/index.php?page=searchdocument&docid=b25>
Laws and Regulation to Apply for CDM Investment

Law on Investment The Council for the Development of Cambodia (CDC) http://www.cdc-crdb.gov.kh/
List of Example Cases Required for EIA in Cambodia * Referred only relevant projects for CDM
Projects Rice mill and cereal grains Rubber factories Chemical fertilizer plants Cement industry, oil refinery, gas factory Waste disposal plants Wastewater treatment plants Mining Power Plants Hydro power projects Agriculture and agro-industrial land Production Capacity More than 3,000 tons/year More than 1,000 tons/year More than 1,000 tons/year All projects All projects All projects All projects More than 5MW More than 1MW More than 10,000 ha
Law on Environmental Protection & Natural Resources Management Sub-decrees on Water Pollution Control, Solid Waste Management, Air Pollution Control and Noise Disturbance EIA Requirement Sub-decree on Environmental Impact Assessment Process Electricity Law Forestry Law
Source: CCD, MoE < http://www.camclimate.org.kh/index.php?page=searchdocument&docid=b25/ >
Cambodias Regional Grid emissions Factors 2010 (t-CO2/MWh)

Regional Grid Phnom Penh Grid Covered Region Phnom Penh, parts of Kandal, Kampong Speu and Takeo Provinces OM 0.6257 BM 0.6878
Source: CCD, MoE <http://www.camclimate.org.kh/index.php?page=documentation&mcat=cat47&scat=cat50&lang=en>
Cambodias DNA Ministry of Environment, Climate Change Department 48, Samdech Preah, Sihanouk Bld, Phnom Penh, Cambodia Phone: (855-23)218-370 Fax: (855-23)218-370 E-mail: ETAP@online.com.kh, cceap@online.com.kh References Climate Change Department for Cambodia DNA information http://www.camclimate.org.kh/ Market Mechanism Group, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/cambodia.html
Akiko Fukui, IGES Market Mechanism Group December 2011 Acknowledgement The valuable information and comments, especially for CDM projects in Cambodia, were provided by the Department of Climate Change of the Ministry of Environment, Cambodia. IGES would like to express sincere gratitude for its invaluable support in making this CDM Country Fact Sheets for Cambodia.
Contact Information
National Climate Change Policy in China

Name Objective Target sectors Chinas 12th Five-Year Plan Part 6-Chapter 21) Actively respond to global climate change Industry, Energy, Transportation, Agriculture and Forestry
Year implemented
2011-2015
Source: 12th Five-Year Plan http://www.gov.cn/2011lh/content_1825838.htm
Relevant Policy for Market Mechanisms

Relevant Policy
Name China CDM Fund Regulations
Pilot Activities
Name Sector Low-carbon pilot projects in five provinces and eight cities Industry, construction and transportation Draw low-carbon development policy and plan and establish lowcarbon industry
Activity
Source: National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) http://www.sdpc.gov.cn/zcfb/zcfbtz/2010tz/t20100810_365264.htm
Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs)

Status of NAMA Submission
Publication Date Emission Reduction Goal Baseline year 7 28 January 2010 40-45 percent emission reduction by 2020 2005
Source: UNFCCC http://unfccc.int/meetings/cop_15/copenhagen_accord/items/5265.php
Institutional Framework
(1) Organisation Charts
National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC)
Climate Change Department
General Office
Strategic Research and Planning Office
Domestic Policy and Compliance Office
International Policy and Negotiations Office
Foreign Cooperation Office
Source: China Climate Change Department http://qhs.ndrc.gov.cn/jgsz/default.htm
(2) Climate Change Activities under 12th five-year plan

16 March 2011 Published
Strategic Goal
1. Control greenhouse gas emissions Adjust industry and energy structure, promote energy conservation and energy efficiency, increase forest carbon sink. Low-carbon technology development and application in various sectors. Establish low carbon standard, GHG inventory and carbon trading market. Promote low-carbon pilot projects. Enhance climate change adaptation ability Establish national climate change strategy, enhance capacity building for the adaptation on extreme weather. International cooperation Participate in international negotiation for a fair global climate change policy based on common but differentiated responsibilities. Provide support for the climate change related activities domestically and internationally.
2.
3.
Source: 12th Five-year Plan http://www.gov.cn/2011lh/content_1825838.htm
Information on GHG and NAMAs

Overview of GHG Emissions 2005
Waste, 2.41%
Agriculture, 15.38% Industry Processes, 9.25% Electricity&Heat 50.56% Energy 72.96% Fugitive Emissions, 2.69% Other Fuel Combustion, 10.28%
Sector Energy Electricity & Heat Manufacturing& Construction Transportation Other Fuel Combustion Fugitive Emissions Industry Processes Agriculture Waste Total Mt CO2 eq
Manufacturing& Construction, 30.18%
Transportation, 6.29%
5,277
2,668 1,593 332 542 142 669 1,113 174 7,233
(MtCO2)
7,000
6,000
CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion
5,000
4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008
Source: CAIT, World Resources Institute.
Source: IEA CO2 Emissions from Fuel Combustion 2010.
Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) at local level

Pilot cities and provinces Emissions Reduction Target (2011-2015/Baseline 2010) Energy intensity Carbon intensity
Beijing
Shanghai Chongqing Guangdong
17%
18% 16% 18%
18%*
19%* 17%* 18%*
Source: Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction 12th Five Year Work Plan, 2011. http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/201109/07/content_1941731.htm Beijing 12th Five Year Plan, 2011. http://www.bjpc.gov.cn/zt/125ny/nygh/erzhang_ny/201105/t804923.htm Shanghai: China-ASEAN Environmental Cooperation Centre http://www.chinaaseanenv.org/zhxx/hjyw/271347.shtml Chongqing Municipal Peoples Government: http://www.cq.gov.cn/today/news/321517.htm Guangdong 12th Five Year Plan, 2011 http://www.rd.gd.cn/dhl/rdhyzy2/syjsic/dhwj/sewgh/201101/t20110126_114916.html
Market Mechanism Instruments

Climate Exchange
There are more than 10 exchanges established.
Name Beijing Environment Exchange Tianjin Climate Exchange Shanghai Environment Energy Exchange Goods CDM VER Pollutant emissions trading Methodology Panda Standard Energy efficiency methodology in building sector China Voluntary Emission Reduction Standard
Source: www.cbeex.com.cn/ , www.cneeex.com/ , www.chinatcx.com.cn/
Pilot low-carbon projects in Five provinces and eight cities

Province: Guangdong, Liaoning, Hubei, Shanxi, Yunnan Cities: Tianjin, Chongqing, Shenzhen, Xiamen, Hangzhou, Nanchang, Guiyang, Baoding.
Strategic Goal
Utilizing market mechanism to control greenhouse gas emissions Using low-carbon technologies to restructure industry Recommend low-carbon life and consume style to the public. Promote low-carbon building, transportation. Establish greenhouse gas emission statistic and management system.
520km Guiyang Shenzhen
Baoding
Hangzhou Nanchang Xiamen
Source: NDRC http://www.sdpc.gov.cn/zcfb/zcfbtz/2010tz/t20100810_365264.htm
Guangdong province-Pilot emissions trading scheme

Strategic Goal
Try to establish the first regional carbon trade system before March, 2013, with the cap and trade methodology. The research of allowance transaction started from energy(electricity) sector.
Source: Guangdong NDRC http://www.gddrc.gov.cn/zwgk/djzt/jtsdczb/jtsd_gzdt/201011/t20101104_141059.htm
10
CDM Information
Current Status of CDM in China

Basic Information as of 1 November 2011
Project Status Registered at the CDM EB Approved by the Chinese DNA At the validation stage Number of Projects 1,641 3,284 1,301
New updates
Updated list of approved CDM projects by the Chinese Designated National Authority (DNA) was released. Updated list of registered CDM projects by CDM Executive Board (EB) was released.
Source: UNFCCC website <http://www.unfccc.int/ > and CDM in CHINA. 2011 <http://cdm.ccchina.gov.cn/english/> * This value is not the total of average annual emission reduction of each project type, but average annual emission reduction of all the fourteen project types No. of rejecte d/withd rawn
Basic Data for CDM Projects as of 1 November 2011

Registered Projects No. Hydro Power Annual ERs (1000tCO2e/y)* Total ERs by 2012 (1000tCO2e) No. projects with issuance
No. issuance
Amount issued CERs(1000tCO2)
751 502 125

86 53 27 26 24 11
119 132 211

355 142 778 53 1,024 42
254,976 179,484 99,782

109,779 21,256 102,798 3,478 91,088 981
258 179 52
35 8 14 1 16 2
486 420 118

81 15 66 1 49 4
45,011 33,662 21,541

10,494 1,339 59,571 32 13,458 103
31 27 29 3 1 0 1 2 0 0
Wind Power Waste gas/heat utilization

Methane recovery & utilization Biomass N2O decomposition Biogas Fuel switch Other renewable energies
HFC reduction/avoidance
Methane avoidance Energy efficiency Cement Others(A/R, SF6, Transportation and EE) Total
11
7 6 5
5,968
75 759 240
365,577
777 8,799 4,487
11
153
0
256,324
0 560 425
0
0 2
1 1
3 3
7
1,641
474
741*
1,666
1,244,930
0
578
0
1,399
0
442,520
0
96
11
Source: IGES CDM Project Database <http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/report.html> and UNFCCC <http://www.unfccc.int/ >
CDM Project Information

Project Information for CDM Projects by province
Province No. Province No. Province No. Province Heilongjian g No. Province No.
Yunnan
342
Hebei
159
Liaoning
111
83
Ningxia
76
Sichuan
306
Shanxi
120
Guizhou
91
Shaanxi
81
Qinghai
31
Inner Mongolia
275
Henan
112
Jilin
99
Xinjiang
74
Hainan
20
Hunan
167
Zhejiang
104
Guangxi
85
Chongqing
61
Shanghai
19
Gansu
172
Jiangsu
101
Fujian
91
Jiangxi
59
Beijing
15
Shandong
159
Hubei
100
Guangdong
90
Anhui
66
Tianjin
14
Source: CDM in CHINA. 2011 <http://cdm.ccchina.gov.cn/english/ > * Approved projects Up to 11 November 2011
Number of Requesting Registration, Registration & Rejection (as of 1 November 2011)

Requesitng registration
350
300 250 200 150 100 50 0 41 0 53 1 42 3 5 10 9 145 300 268 243 206 213 168 157 130 89 94 245 192 218 201 253
Registered
Rejected/Withdrawn
150
100 60
119
9186
96
71
86 51 11 10
76 13
20
Source: IGES CDM Project Database <http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/report.html>
12
Designated National Authority (DNA) Information
DNA Structure
National Coordination Committee on Climate Change (NCCCC)
Chair: Chair of National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC ) Executive deputy-chair: Vice-chairman of NDRC Deputy-chair: Representatives from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA), Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), China Meteorological Administration (CMA), and Ministry for Environmental Protection (MEP) Other Members: Representatives of the Ministry of Finance (MOF), Ministry of Commerce, Ministry of Communications, Ministry of Water Resources, State Forestry Administration, Chinese Academy of Science, State Ocean Administration of China, and Civil Administration of China
To review national CDM policies, rules and standards To approve members of the National CDM Board To review other issues deemed necessary To review CDM project activities To report to the Committee on overall progress of CDM project activities, issues emerged, and further recommendations To make recommendations on the amendment of the current measures for Operation and Management of CDM projects in China To accept CDM project application To approve CDM project activities on the basis of the conclusion by the Board To issue written approval letter on behalf of the Government To supervise the implementation of CDM project activities To deal with other relevant issues
National CDM Board

Co-chairs: Representatives of NDRC and MOST Vice-chair: Representative of the MFA Other Members: Representatives of MOF, Ministry of Agriculture (MOA), MEP, and CMA.
DNA
NDRC acts as the Chinese DNA and manages the office of NCCCC
Source: Measures for Operation and Management of Clean Development Mechanism Projects in China (NDRC, 2005.)
Note: Assisting CDM Projects at Provincial Level The establishment of the CDM Service Centers have been initiated by MOST with various international donor assistance. Even though the maturity level of the centres are different due to their establishment at different times, provincial centres are aimed at facilitating CDM through PDD assistance, training and information dissemination. NDRC is also promoting capacity building projects for the staff of local Development and Reform Commission (DRC) staffs with the help of a Japanese private bank. This project provides overseas training to increase the capacity of local DRC staffs for effective CDM procedures at the local level. (NDRC, 2009)
Source: CDM in CHINA. 2011<http://cdm.ccchina.gov.cn/english/ >
13
2DNA Approval Procedure

The Application Documents CDM Project Application Form (for reference) (2 copies) Application Form for CDM Project Activity (15 copies in Chinese) * 20 May 2008 updated
Mandatory Annexed Documents: Copy of the business license Approval certificate of the Feasibility Study (FS) report Record of approval Approval certificate of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report Voluntary Annexed Documents: (e.g.) Copy of the Emission Reduction Purchase Agreement (ERPA) or the Letter of Intent (LOI) for the credit purchase
Optional
Submission of PIN by project proponent

1st Screening by DNA
Rejection /re-submit
Letter of Recomm endation
Submission of application documents by project proponent DNA
Rejection/ re-submit
30 days
Project Design Document (PDD) (15 copies in Chinese and 5 copies in English) General Information on the Construction Project and Financing (15 copies in Chinese)
Assessment by expert team
DNA
Decision by the National CDM Board
Consideration of improvements
General Information on the Construction Project and Financing 1. General information about the project owner 2. General information about foreign partner(s) 3. Project information 4. Total investment and project financing 5. Brief technical description of the project activity 6. Estimated GHG emission reductions 7. Economic and environmental benefits of the project 8. Approval status of the construction of the project and the environmental impact assessment (if approved, attach copies of the approval certificate) 9. Current status of the project
Source: CCCHINA <http://cdm.ccchina.gov.cn/english/>
DNA
Issuance of approval letter
Note:
Expert review shall be done within 30 days NDRC will make a decision on approval within 20 days (excluding the expert review time). This may be extended to 30 days if a decision could not be made within 20 days. Project owner should report to NDRC on the decision by the CDM Executive Board (EB) within 10 days after the date of receiving the notice from the CDM EB.
Source: (NDRC, 2005) Measures for Operation and Management of Clean Development Mechanism Projects in China
14
DNA Approval Criteria

Requirements for Approval
Qualification to participate CDM (More than 51% of stock should be owned by Chinese funded or Chinese-holding enterprises) Qualification of PDD Baseline Methodology and emission reduction Price of CER (RMB/tCO2e) and total transfer amount of CERs (tCO 2e) Note: CER price decided under the purchase agreement should be converted to RMB on the exchange rate on the date when application form is filled. Funding and technology transfer (need to confirm that project funding is not diverted from ODA) Crediting period Monitoring Plan Contribution of sustainable development
Chinas Policy on CDM from the Measures for Operation and Management of CDM Project in China
Priority Area (Article 4) Energy efficiency improvement Development and utilisation of new and renewable energy Methane recovery and utilisation
Allocation Ratio for the Chinese Government (Article 24) HFC and PFC project: 65% N2O project: 30% A priority area (Article 4) and forestation project: 2%
Amount of Transfer of CER (Article 24) Emission reduction resource is owned by the Government of China Emission reductions generated by specific CDM project belong to the project owner Revenue from the transfer of CERs shall be owned jointly by the Government of China and the project owner
Source: Measures for Operation and Management of Clean Development Mechanism Project in China (CCCHINA, 2005) < http://cdm.ccchina.gov.cn/english/NewsInfo.asp?NewsId=905 >
Note: CDM Project Activities in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR)
Liaison agency for CDM projects in HKSAR: the Environmental Protection Department of the HKSAR Government (HKEPD) Application procedure: Application documents with supporting information should be submitted to HKEPD. HKEPD will forward them to NDRC within 5 working days after receipts of all required documents. Documents to be submitted: 1. Letter of Application for the CDM project, 2. Application Form for CDM Project Activity, 3. PDD, 4. Relevant information on construction and financing (including a copy of the approval letter on the Environmental Impact Assessment report approved under the laws of HKSAR) * Two extra copies should be submitted in addition to each conventional requirement by NDRC. Levy on the revenue of transfer of CERs: No charges by the Central Government or the HKSAR Government
Source: Arrangements for the Implementation of Clean Development Mechanism Projects in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (NDRC, 2008) and Supplementary Notes for Hong Kong enterprises to implement CDM projects on the Mainland (NDRC, 2009)
15
CDM Fund
Establishment: 2006 Propose: Support the activities related to climate change Constitution: Board of China CDM Fund and Fund Management Center Fund offer: Grants + investments
China CDM Fund Management Measures
Counted by the CER Transactions Transfer Amount HFC: 65 % N2O(Adipic acid project): 30% N2O(Nitric acid, etc): 10% Other: 2%
Ministry of Finance, NDRC, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Ministry of Agriculture and China Meteorological Administration jointly published the "China CDM Fund Management Measures on 28 October 2010. This measure defines the CDM Fund management framework, funding sources and usage etc. The usage generally includes grant and investment. It also defines that the grant supports the policy research and academic activities, international cooperation activities, capacity building activities to enhance the human resource, public awareness activities related to the climate change.
Source: State Revenue Charge Policy http://www.cdmfund.org/cn/info.aspx?m=20101109094755967605
Note: *National revenue shall be in the currency agreed in the ERPA or conditional in RMB. Source: CDM fund http://www.cdmfund.org/en/info.aspx?m=201012 10115658367158
CDM Projects
CDM Fund
Climate change activities ( Research, projects, etc.)
Example of Grant Funded projects in 2008

No.
0809001 0808002 0810004 0809005 0810006
Project Title
CDM project review fee Compiling Chinas White Paper on climate change Renewing Chinas National Climate Change Programme National strategic research on climate change Research on the major contracting parties demands, negotiating positions and policy measures on the issue of climate change
Implementing Organisation
CDM Project Management Centre of Energy Research Institute, NDRC Low Carbon and Energy Laboratory of Tsinghua University Energy Research Institute, NDRC Energy Research Institute, NDRC Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Source: China CDM fund: http://www.cdmfund.org/en/info.aspx?m=20101210115802333170
16

UNFCCC 11 June 1992 (Signed) 29 May 1998 (Signed)
CDM Related Policies & Regulation at Domestic Level

Measures for Operation and Management of CDM Projects in China National Climate Change Programme Chinas Scientific and Technological Actions on Climate Change Chinas Policies and Actions for Addressing Climate Change 30 June 2004 (Approved) 12 October 2005 (Revised)
5 January 1993 (Ratified)

30 August 2002 (Ratified)
The Kyoto Protocol The First National Communication The Second National Communication
June 2007 (Announced) June 2007 (Issued)
10 December 2004 (Submitted) In preparation (Subprojects in cooperation with UNDP launched in March 2009)
29 October 2008 (Issued)
Source: UNFCCC <http://maindb.unfccc.int/public/country.pl?country=CN>
Source: Climate Change Info-Net <http://www.ccchina.gov.cn/en/ >
Chinas Regional Grid Emissions Factors 2011

Regional Grid Covered Region
OM*
(t-CO2/MWh)
2010 OM
2009 OM
BM*
(t-CO2/MWh)
2010 BM
2009 BM
North China Grid
Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong, Inner-Mongolia
0.9803
0.9914
1.0069
0.6426
0.7495
0.7802
Northeast China Power Grid
Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang
1.0852
1.1109
1.1293
0.5987
0.7086
0.7242
East China Grid
Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian
0.8367
0.8592
0.8825
0.6622
0.6789
0.6826
Central China Power Grid
Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Chongqing
1.0297
1.0871
1.1255
0.4191
0.4543
0.5802
Northwest China Power Grid
Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Xinjiang Uyghur
1.0001
0.9947
1.0246
0.5851
0.6878
0.6433
Southern China Power Grid
Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou
0.9489
0.9762*
0.9987*
0.3157
0.4506*
0.5772*
*OM: Operating Margin from 2007-2009 data, BM: Build Margin from 2009 data *OM BM Data in 2010/2009: Hainan Provincial Power Grid was excluded. Source: CDM in CHINA. 2011 <http://cdm.ccchina.gov.cn/ > Recent data was announced in 20 October 2011.
17
EIA Requirements for Construction Projects

Impact Level Major Required Documents Environmental impact report Environmental impact report form Environmental impact registration form Assessment Level Comprehensive assessment Analysis or special assessment No assessment required Approval Requirements Government from the Central
Light Very small
a. Special construction projects incl. nuclear facilities and top secret projects b. Construction projects that include different provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities directed under the Central Government c. Construction projects subject to the examination and approval of the State Council or the relevant departments authorized by the State Council * Projects not mentioned above are subject to the prescription of the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directed under the Central Government.
Note: A catalogue for the classified management of the appraisal of environmental impacts shall be determined at the State Council and published through the Ministry of Environmental Protection.
Ref.: http://english.mep.gov.cn/standards_reports/
Source: Environmental Impact Assessment Law (Entered into force in Sep. 2003)
Other CDM Information

Data from Only Registered Projects Total Amount (t-CO2e)
Contribution to Adaptation Fund (CERs issued)

Estimated contribution to the China CDM Fund*
8,850,444
283,995,655
* The China CDM Fund is managed by the Chinese Government based on levy from the benefits of CER transfer. This number is just indication of estimated amount equivalent to be levied by the government, based on the total emission reductions till 2012. Practically, the fund levies on proceeds from CER transfer according to the Measures for Operation and Management of CDM in China and other fund resources are inclusive.
Source: UNFCCC website <http://www.unfccc.int/ > and CDM in CHINA. 2011 <http://cdm.ccchina.gov.cn/english/ > and China CDM fund <http://www.cdmfund.org/>
http://cdm.ccchina.gov.cn/english/ China Climate Change Info-Net, Department of Climate Change , NDRC http://www.ccchina.gov.cn/en/ Market Mechanism Group, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES) http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/index.html
Reference: Clean Development Mechanism in China , National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC)
Kentaro Takahashi and Miaomiao Zhang, IGES Market Mechanism Group December 2011
18
National Climate Change Policy in India

Name National Action Plan for Climate Change To achieve a sustainable development path that simultaneously advances economic and environmental objectives 8 Missions (2 on mitigation and 5 on adaptation)
Objective
Target sectors
Year announced
2008
Renewable Energy Policy in India

Electricity Act (2003)
Renewable Energy Certificate
Terms and Conditions for recognition and issuance of Renewable Energy Certificate for Renewable Energy Generation (2010)
Feed-in Tariff
Terms and Conditions for Tariff determination from Renewable Energy Sources (2009)
Source: CERC http://www.cercind.gov.in/

Status of NAMAs Submission
Publication Date 28 January 2010
Emission Reduction Goal

Baseline year 19
Reduce emissions intensity of its GDP by 20-25% by 2020

2005
Source: GOI (2010) http://unfccc.int/files/meetings/cop_15/copenhagen_accord/application/pdf/indiacphaccord_app2.pdf
Institutional Framework (1) Organisation Charts

Prime Ministers Council on Climate Change
Coordination Unit for Implementation of NAPCC (Ministry of Environment and. Forests )
Core Negotiating Team (Multi Ministry)

Technical Support Group (Multi - Ministry)
Ministry Specific Agenda (Ministries)
Research Agenda Principal Scientific Advisor to GOI Ministry of Science & Technology (Specific Units of MST/other Ministries)
(2) National Action Plan for Climate Change (NAPCC)

Principles
Protecting the poor and vulnerable sections of society through an inclusive and sustainable development strategy, sensitive to climate change. Achieving national growth objectives through a qualitative change in direction that enhances ecological sustainability, leading to further mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. Devising efficient and cost-effective strategies for end use Demand Side Management. Deploying appropriate technologies for both adaptation and mitigation of greenhouse gases emissions extensively as well as at an accelerated pace. Engineering new and innovative forms of market, regulatory and voluntary mechanisms to promote sustainable development
National Missions
Mitigation
National Solar Mission National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency

Adaptation
20,000 MW of solar power by 2020 10,000 MW of EE savings by 2020 EE in residential & commercial buildings, public transport, solid waste management Water conservation, river basin management Conservation & adaptation practices, glacial monitoring
National Mission for Sustainable Habitat National Water Mission National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem National Mission for a Green India
National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture

Overall
6 mn hectares of afforestation over degraded forest lands by the end of 12 th Plan Drought proofing, risk management, agricultural research
Vulnerability assessment, Research & observation, data management
National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change
Source: National Action Plan for Climate Change http://pmindia.nic.in/climate_change.htm
20

Overview of GHG Emissions (1994)
Energy sector
Industrial LUCF Processes Waste 1% 2% 8%
Coal mining Oil and natural gas system Biomass burnt for energy All other sectors Residential Commercial/institutional Transport Industry Energy & transformation industries
(Gg of CO2e)
13,650 12,621 34,976 32,087 43,918 20,571 80,286 150,674
Agriculture 28%
Energy 61%
355,037
Agriculture sector
Emission from Soils 45,260 4,747 85,890 20,176
(Gg of CO2e)
Agricultural; crop residue

Rice Cultivation Manure management
Enteric Fermentation
Source: Indias Initial National Communication to UNFCCC http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/indnc1.pdf
188,412

Estimated benefits and costs of some of the mitigation actions (NAMAs)
Action National Solar Mission Nuclear Energy Renewable Energy Green India Mission Brief Description Estimated Benefit (MT CO2/yr in 2020) 31 99 104 43 ~ 275 MT CO2 Estimated Additional cost ($ Billion/yr) 5.1 8.2 4.3 1.0 ~ $ 19 Bn/yr
22,000 MW of solar by 2022 (600 MW constructed in 2010)

20,000 MW by 2020 72,000 MW by 2022 20 Mn Ha to be afforested.ecorestored Total
Source: Indias Development Needs and Mitigation Actions, UNFCCC Workshop on NA I Mitigation Actions, 4th April 2011 Bangkok http://unfccc.int/files/meetings/ad_hoc_working_groups/lca/application/pdf/india_ws.pdf
21
Market Mechanism Instruments

PAT (Perform Achieve & Trade) scheme
In 2001, Energy Conservation Act was adopted, which provided PAT as a mechanism for the promotion of energy saving. Accordingly, the Indian Government notified energy intensive industries as Designated consumers (DCs). About 500 DCs have been notified as of 2011. In 2008, Prime Ministers National Action Plan on Climate Change was announced. It includes The National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency which further ushers in the implementation of PAT scheme in order for industries to achieve better energy efficiency beyond the Specific Energy Consumption (SEC) which are stipulated for each DC. Energy Conservation Act (2001)
Establish Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) under Ministry of Power (MoP) Notification of Designated Consumers (DCs) in 8 sectors:
Thermal power, Fertilizer, Cement, Pulp and Paper, Textiles, Chlor-alkali, Iron and steel, Aluminum
National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency Introducing 4 initiatives: (1)PAT scheme (2)Market Transformation on Energy Efficiency (3)Energy Efficiency Financing Platform (4)Framework for Energy Efficient Economic development
Crediting mechanism of PAT scheme

Baseline SEC
Target SEC
Tradable/bankable ESCerts
SEC First cycle (3 years) Subsequent cycles
Each DC has specific target set by % reduction based on the current energy efficiency Energy source is converted into Metric Ton of Oil Equivalent (MTOE) DCs shall comply with targeted SEC DCs can buy Energy Saving certificates (ESCerts) in case of not meeting the target DCs shall pay a penalty for non-compliance
Source: Energy Conservation Act 2001 http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/indnc1.pdf National Action Plan for Climate Change http://pmindia.nic.in/climate_change.htm
22
CDM Information (1)Current Status of CDM in India

Project Status CDM projects registered at CDM executive board CDM projects at or after the validation stage No. of projects 738 1,022
Source: IGES CDM Project Database http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/report_cdm
Basic Data for Registered CDM Projects as of 1 November 2011

Registered CDM Projects Avg. Annual Emission Reductions (t-CO2) 32,055 38,613 Reject ed
No. of Projects
Wind Power Biomass 233
Total ERs by 2012 (t-CO2)

33,996,009 37,839,697
Amount of Issued CERs (t-CO2)

9,854,826 8,617,197
Review Requested
56
180
83 75
61
23 21
15
5 8
Hydro Power
Energy efficiency
88,199
113,814
20,586,368
13,099,874
2,877,343
1,385,897
Waste gas/heat utilization

Fuel switch Cement
70
20 17 16 13 7 7 6 5 3 2 1 738
76,220
358,053 114,708
35,541,907
27,760,522 16,806,437
11,577,767
7,637,476 1,382,047
33
7 2 4 3 1 2 2 3 0 0
8
0 4 0 0 0 0
Biogas
Methane avoidance Afforestation & reforestation HFC reduction/avoidance Other renewable energies N2O decomposition Transportation Methane recovery & utilization PFC reduction Total
28,218
82,138
2,551,228
2,433,170
695,884
47,795
72,246
1,577,424 18,503 406,915 211,355 94,254 433,551 82,915*
5,828,972
82,691,940 419,763 6,137,291 1,065,277 1,174,219 1,301,367 289,234,041
0
74,813,284 0 155,115 82,317 88,873 33,624 119,249,445
0
0 0 0
0
218
0
48
23
Source: IGES CDM Project Database http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/report_cdm.html *average annual emission reduction of all the projects
(2)CDM Project Information

Since the establishment of the Indian DNA (Designated National Authority) in 2003, it has approved a significant number of projects. 738 projects have been registered by the CDM executive board, which account for about 21% of all the registered projects (as of 1 November 2011).
In the initial stage of CDM development in India, biomass utilisation projects, waste gas/heat utilisation projects, and renewable energy (wind, hydro) projects were mainly being implemented. Other than those projects, India has various types of registered CDM projects that include energy efficiency (cement, steel and etc.), fuel switch, HFC reduction, N 2O decomposition, afforestation and reforestation, and transportation. Recently a number of Wind Power projects were registered giving wind power a top share in the Indian projects. CDM promotion cells have been established at a state level. They conduct supportive activities such as information dissemination on CDM and coordination between local and national governments. One of the features of CDM in India is its large share of unilateral CDM projects, CDM project developed by Indian stakeholders without the involvement (finance, technology) of Annex I countries. Indian project developers implement the project by bearing the transaction costs of CDM and taking on the risks of the projects. Therefore, the price of credits issued by unilateral CDM projects tends to be higher than bilateral or multilateral CDM projects.
1. 2. 3.
The number of CDM projects registered at the CDM executive board (as of 1 November 2011): 738 The number of registered unilateral CDM projects (at the time of registration) (as of 1 November 2011): 603 (82 %) Type of registered CDM Projects Total: 738 projects, as of 1 November 2011) Number of registered CDM Projects per half a year
4. HFC Afforestation Other reduction/avo renewable & 120 reforestation idance energies N2O 1% 1% 1%decompositio Biogas 100 n 2% Cement 2% 1% Fuel switch 80
Methane avoidance 2% 3% Waste gas/heat utilization 9% Wind Power 32% Energy efficiency 10% 60 40 20 0
Hydro Power 11%
Biomass 24%
Source: IGES CDM Project Database http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/report.html#db, UNFCCC http://cdm.unfccc.int/
24
(1) DNA Structure

The Indian Designated National Authority is the National Clean Development Mechanism Authority (NCDMA), which consists of 6 ministries and agencies and the Planning Commission. The main role of the NCDMA is to evaluate and approve proposed projects and disseminate information related to all aspects of CDM.
Chairperson
Secretary, Ministry of Environment and Forests
Member Foreign Secretary

Finance Secretary Secretary, Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion
Secretary, Ministry of Non-conventional Energy Sources

Secretary, Ministry of Power Secretary, Planning Commission
Joint Secretary, Climate Change, Ministry of Environment and Forests Member-Secretary Director, Climate Change, Ministry of Environment and Forests
NCDMA has the powers: to invite officials and experts from Government, financial institutions, consultancy organisations, non-governmental organisations, civil society, legal profession, industry and commerce, as it may deem necessary for technical and professional inputs and may co-opt other members depending upon need. to interact with concerned authorities, institutions, individual stakeholders for matters relating to CDM. to take up any environmental issues pertaining to CDM or Sustainable Development projects as may be referred to it by the Central Government, and to recommend guidelines to the Central Government for consideration of projects and principles to be followed for according host country approval.
Source: NCDMA http://www.cdmindia.in/constitution.php
25

Approval procedures in India are straightforward and project developers could get host country approval letters within 60 days unless proposed projects have questions from NCDMA. An NCDMA meeting for project approval is held every month. Submission of PCN & PDD with 2 CDs and online submissions to NCDMA
1. Project proponent is required to submit the following for application: Cover letter signed by the project sponsors Project Concept Note (PCN) (one submitted through online form and 20 hard copies) Project Design Document (PDD) (one submitted through online form and 20 hard copies) Two CDs containing PCN and PDD
Circulation among NCDMA members
Presentation by Project Proponents during NCDMA Meeting
Clarification / additional information from Project Proponent if required by NCDMA members
Host Country Approval Letter
2. Approval procedures in DNA are as follows Application documents submitted by project proponent are circulated among NCDMA members. If NCDMA members have any preliminary queries the same is asked from the project proponents. The project proponent and his consultants are normally given 10-15 days notice to come to the Authority meeting and give a brief power point presentation regarding their CDM project proposals. NCDMA members mainly evaluate if the project meets the national sustainable development priorities and seek clarifications during the presentation. In cases when it is requested by NCDMA members, the project proponent should prepare and submit some additional clarifications or information. Once the members of the Authority are satisfied, the Host Country Approval is issued.
60 days
Source: NCDMA CDM India http://envfor.nic.in/cdm/host_approval_process.htm
Approval Procedure for Programme of Activities (PoAs) The Coordinator/ Managing Entity (CME) of a PoA is required to submit the PoA-DD, CPA-DD, CPA-DD (Typical) & PCN to the NCDMA for Host Country Approval. For CPAs (joining a PoA) that do not require any approval from any state/central agency e.g. replacement of bulbs, energy efficiency measures etc., the CME of the PoA shall post facto inform the Member Secretary, NCDMA , the salient details of CPAs added on a bi-annual basis. However for CPAs that need any state/central clearance, such CPAs shall be submitted to the NCDMA for approval as in the case of project based CDM activities.
26

1. Sustainable Development Indicators* Social wellbeing Economic wellbeing Environmental well-being Technological well-being: 2. Additionality Emission Additionality Financial Additionality 3. Baselines Baselines should be precise, transparent, comparable and workable Baselines should avoid overestimation The methodology for the determination of baselines should be homogeneous and reliable Potential errors should be indicated System boundaries of baselines should be established Interval between updates of baselines should be clearly described Role of externalities should be brought out (social, economic and environmental) Baselines should include historic emission data-sets wherever available The project should lead to real, measurable and long term GHG mitigation. The additional GHG reductions are to be calculated with reference to a baseline. The procurement of CERs should not be from Official Development Assistance (ODA)
The CDM project activity should lead to alleviation of poverty by generating additional employment, removal of social disparities and contribution to provision of basic amenities to people leading to improvement in quality of life of people. The CDM project activity should bring in additional investment consistent with the needs of the people. This should include a discussion of impact of the project activity on resource sustainability and resource degradation, if any, due to proposed activity; bio-diversity friendliness; impact on human health; reduction of levels of pollution in general. The CDM project activity should lead to transfer of environmentally safe and sound technologies that are comparable to best practices in order to assist in upgradation of the technological base. The transfer of technology can be within the country as well from other developing countries also.
Lifetime of project cycle should be clearly mentioned

*The Project Proponents should commit a certain percentage of the CERs revenue every year (subject to a minimum of 2%) for Sustainable Development including society/community development and accordingly make monitorable action plan for the same and include in the PCN & PDD.
27
Source: NCDMA http://www.cdmindia.in/approval_process.php

Type* and Sizes of Projects/Activities Requiring EIA (Environmental Impacts Assessment ) Report
(a) New start of, (b) expansion/ modernisation/ addition of capacity of, and (c) any change in product of the projects/activities in the table below shall require prior environmental clearance from: The Central Government in the Ministry of Environment and Forests for those under Category A , and The State Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA) for those under Category B , before any construction work, or preparation of land by the project management except for securing the land, is started on the project/activity:
Project or Activity
Category with Threshold Limit A. B. Mining, extraction of natural resources and power generation (for a specified production capacity) Offshore and onshore oil and gas All projects exploration, development & production River valley projects (i) 50MW hydroelectric power generation; (ii) 10,000 ha. of culturable command area (i) < 50MW 25MW hydroelectric power generation; (ii) < 10,000 ha. of culturable command area
Thermal Power Plants
500MW (coal/lignite/naphta & gas based); 50MW (Pet coke diesel and all other fuels -)
1.0 million T/yr production capacity
< 500MW (coal/lignite/naphta & gas based); < 50MW 5MW (Pet coke, diesel and all other fuels)
< 1.0 million T/yr production capacity. All stand alone grinding units <250,000 & 25,000T/yr All cane juice/non-molasses based distilleries < 30 KLD
Materials Production Cement plants
Material Processing Petroleum refining industry Coke oven plants Manufacturing / Fabrication Chemical fertilizers Petro-chemical complexes Distilleries
All projects 250,000 T/yr All projects All projects (i) All Molasses based distilleries (ii) All cane juice/non-molasses based distilleries 30 KLD Pulp manufacturing and pulp & paper manufacturing industry -
Pulp & paper industry Sugar Industry
Physical Infrastructure including Environmental Services Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs) Common Municipal Solid Waste Management Facility (CMSWMF)
Paper manufacturing industry without pulp manufacturing 5,000 tcd cane crushing capacity All projects All projects
Source: Environmental Impact Assessment Notification by Ministry of Environment and Forests http://envfor.nic.in/legis/eia/so1533.pdf *Excerpt for projects/activity types relevant to CDM.
28

Date of signature of Climate Change Convention Date of ratification of Climate Change Convention Date of signature of Kyoto Protocol Date of ratification of Kyoto Protocol Establishment of DNA 10 June 1992
1 November 1993
26 August 2002 December 2003
Source: UNFCCC http://maindb.unfccc.int/public/country.pl?country=IN, IGES CDM Country Guide for India http://www.iges.or.jp/en/news/topic/0512cdm.html
India Regional Grid Emission Factors (Unit: t-CO2/MWh)

2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008*** 2008-2009 2009-2010
Regional Grid *
OM** BM** 0.60 0.63 0.97 0.15 OM 1.00 0.99 1.09 0.70 BM 0.63 0.59 0.93 0.23 1.00 0.60 1.01 0.68 0.98 0.81 OM BM OM BM OM BM
Northern Western Eastern NorthEastern
0.99 0.99 1.13 0.70
Sourthern
1.01
0.71
1.00
0.71
0.99
0.71
0.97
0.82
0.94
0.76
Source: The Central Electricity Authority, Ministry of Power http://www.cea.nic.in/ * Covered region of each regional grid is as follows: Northern: Chandigarh, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand Western: Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Daman & Diu, Dadar & Nagar Haveli, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra. Goa Eastern: Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa, West Bengal, Sikkim, Andaman-Nicobar North-Eastern: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura Southern: Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry, Lakshadweep ** OM: Operating Margin, BM: Build Margin. Figures include inter-regional and cross-border electricity transfers. *** Emission factors of Northern, Eastern, Western, and North-Eastern regional grids have been integrated since the publication of the 2007-2008 data.
National CDM Authority (NCDMA) http://www.cdmindia.in/ CDM India (website of NCDMA) http://envfor.nic.in/cdm/ Market Mechanism Group, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES) http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/index.html
References
29 Naoki Torii, IGES Market Mechanism Group December 2011
30
National Council on Climate Change Indonesia
State Ministry of Environment The Republic of Indonesia
National Climate Change Policy in Indonesia

Name Objective Target sectors Year implemented Indonesia Climate Change Sectoral Roadmap To set several goals with regards to adaptation and mitigation of climate change to be achieved in the next 20 years Water, Marine and Fisheries, Agriculture, Transportation, Forestry, Industry, Waste 2010 Health,
Energy Policy in Indonesia

National primary energy supply in year 2025
Oil, 20% Coal, 33% N RE 17% Gas, 30%
Biofuel , 5%
Geothermal , 5%
Biomass, Nuclear, Hydro, Solar, Wind, 5% Coal Liquefaction, 2%
The share of RE in the primary energy supply will grow from the current 4.3% to 17% in 2025 Renewable Energy.
Geothermal 9,500MW
Renewable Energy
Biomass Grid-connected small hydropower

Off-grid mini-hydropower
810 MW 500 MW
330MW
Source: Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources.
Indonesias National Energy Policy to 2030 has an economy-wide target of a 1% per year reduction in energy intensity
Indonesia National Energy Policy (2006)
Energy Efficiency
Wind
Solar
255MW
80MW
The GOI (Government of Indonesia)Energy Blueprint 2005-2025

Publication Date Emission Reduction Goal Baseline year 19 January 2010
Source:
U. Hayati Triastuti. et al (2009) Indonesia Climate Change Sectral Roadmap

http://www.paklim.org/wpcontent/uploads/downloads/2011/05/ICCSR-_synthesisreport_2010.pdf
26%
Business As Usual
Thamrin, S. (2011) Indonesias National Mitigation Actions: Paving the Way towards NAMAs
http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/52/45/48304156.pdf
31
Institutional Framework
NCCCI: National Council on Climate Change Indonesia (DNPI)
Division
Administration Carbon Trading Mechanism Research and Development Capacity International Relations and law International Cooperation Communication Information and Education Monitoring and Evaluation Division
Source: DNPI Website http://www.dnpi.go.id/
Adaptation
Working Group Mitigation Funding
Post-2012
Marine
Technology Transfer Forestry and Land Use Change Basic Science and Greenhouse Gas Inventory
(2) Indonesia Climate Change Sectoral Roadmap

Objectives and Targets with Period
Data, Information and Knowledge Management
Sub activity
Main Activity Intensive Activity
Planning and Policy, Regulation and Institutional Development Implementation and Control with Monitoring and Evaluation 2010 2015 2020
Climate-proof and regulation Greenhouse gas emission reduction to 26% of BAU
2025
2030
Action Plan with Period

Mapping of local vulnerability Established adaptation information system Refined emission inventory Recalculated target of emission reduction
Optimized development shaped by adaptation Increased use of alternative energies Adaptation proof development Low-carbon development
2010
2015
2020
2025
2030
Appropriate Authorities
Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Energy and Resources, Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Forestry, Ministry of Industry, Ministry of Marine and Fisheries, Ministry of Public Works, Ministry of Transportation, National Development Planning Agency, Agency for Meteorology, Climate and Geophysics, National Institute of Aeronautics and Space, Research and Implementation of Technology Board, National Coordinating Agency for Survey and Mapping, Universities and Professionals
Source: U. Hayati Triastuti. et al (2009) Indonesia Climate Change Sectral Roadmap
32

Waste, 157,328 Others, 176,766 Commercial/Intstitutional , 3,375 Transportation, 56,821 Manufacturing Industries and Construction, 63,529 Residential, 34,689
Land Use Change and Forestry , 936,053
Energy ,
280,936
Non Specified, 11,003 Fugitive Emissions, 27,270
Energy production ,
Industrial Processes and Product Use, 42,669 Agriculture, 75,419 84,250
CO2 equivalent (Gg)
Source: Indonesia second national communication to UNFCCC http://unfccc.int/files/national_reports/non-annex_i_natcom/submitted_natcom/application/pdf/indonesia_snc.pdf
Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions* (NAMAs)

Sector / Actions Scope of Actions Emission Reduction Target (Gg)
Without international support
With international aid Without international support With international aid Agriculture Introduction of low carbon rice variety, irrigation efficiency, organic fertilizer utilization Energy efficiency, renewable energy development Without international support 672,000
Forestry and peat land Forest and land fire control, water and hydrology management on peatl and, forest and land rehabilitation, illegal logging control, avoiding deforestation, community development
Waste Sanitary landfill development, 3 R and sewerage system in urban areas
1,039,000
48,000 78,000 8,000 11,000
With international aid

Without international support With international aid
Industry
1,000
5,000 38,000 56,000
Energy/ Transport
Bifuel development and utilization, fuel efficiency improvement, mass transportation, demand side management, renewable energy, energy efficiency
Without international support With international aid
*National Action Plan is under consideration to be adopted to NAMAs Source: Thamrin, S. (2011) Indonesias National Mitigation Actions: Paving the Way towards NAMAs
33
CDM Information -Current Status of CDM in IndonesiaBasic Information as of 31 November 2011

Project Status
CDM projects registered at CDM executive board Number of Projects
The Number of Registered CDM Projects by Province (as of 31 November 2011)
72 57
Kalimantan (5)
Sumatra (44)
Sulawesi (5) Java (16) Lesser Sunda Islands (2)
CDM projects at the validation stage
Basic Data on CDM Projects as of 31 November 2011)

Registered CDM Projects Type of project
No. of
Projects
Average Annual Emission Reduction (tCO2)
Total ERs by 2012

(tCO2)
Amount of Issued
CERs (tCO2)
Review Conducted
Rejected
Biogas Methane avoidance Biomass Methane recovery & utilization Other renewable energies Hydro Power Fuel switch Cement Energy efficiency N2O decomposition Waste gas/heat utilization PFC reduction
Total
25 9 7 7 5 5 4 4 3 1 1 1 72
52,712 41,393 45,402 62,145 384,015 193,055 100,006 355,874 19,311 80,615 390,572 77,977 107,776*
4,991,362 562,153 1,576,716 1,633,158 6,665,234 1,790,239 992,567 7,192,609 210,727 300,350 2,429,689 234,123 28,578,928
58,433 2,110 10,982 0 1,331,037 0 17,154 187,275 0 0 1,400,377 0 3,007,368
1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 4
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
Source: IGES CDM Project Database http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/report_cdm.html UNFCCC <http://cdm.unfccc.int/ > * This value is not the total of average annual emission reduction of each project type, but average annual emission reductio n of all the twelve project types
Summary of Barrier Analysis (Biogas Project)

Barrier Typical Arguments for Barriers from Project Design Documents (PDDs) Existing system is significantly lower in capital and operating costs and also adhere to Indonesian government requirements. Proposed project does not provide the positive economic return in the absence of the CDM and Certified Emission Reductions (CER) from the proposed project will be only revenue. Technologies related biogas recovery and energy utilization in the proposed project is quite new and seen as high risk with limited performance guarantee. There is a need for skilled and experienced operators and the availability of such personnel locally is limited because biogas systems are still relatively rare. Despite numerous changes to maximum discharge standards over the years, the current technology is able to meet the current permitted discharge levels. The highest priority for most palm oil mills is to simply maintain compliance with local regulation.
Benchmark Rate Information on the Registered CDM Projects

Project Type Biogas Benchmark Type Interest rate Benchmark Rate 15% Reference Economic Report on Indonesia published by Bank of Indonesia NA
Investment barrier
Biomass
Weighted average cost of capital (WACC) National bank rate + risk rate + Escalation rate Government bond rate Interest rate National Bank rate + Private bank rate Weighted average cost of capital (WACC)
14.5%
20%
National bank rate : 15%, Risk rate : 3% Escalation rate: 2%

Bank of Indonesia Ministry of Finance
Technological barrier
Methane Recovery and Utilization Fuel Switch
6.75% 12.70%
16.75% 18.67%
Barrier due to prevailing practice
National bank rate: 12.75%, Private bank rate: 4% NA
Source: IGES CDM Investment analysis database < http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/report_cdm.html#ia >
34

(1) DNA Structure (revised Oct. 2009)
NC-CDM members (14 Members)
The Indonesian Designated National Authority is the National Commission for Clean Development Mechanism (NC-CDM). On October 2009, the new decree (No.522) regarding NC-CDM has been announced by State Ministry of Environment. Thus, the old decree (No.206) has been already invalid. Although the new DNA structure has been established and new NCCDM members has been elected, the previous approval procedure and criteria are still used until the new DNA establishes new one.. National Commission for Clean Development Mechanism (NC-CDM)
The commission is responsible for issuing approval letters to CDM project proposals, conducting monitoring for performance of CDM project, organising meetings for technical team and providing consultation and facilitation to stakeholders, project developers, and communities. The commission submit a report for implementation of its work to the State Minister for Environment.
Coordinating Ministry of Economy State Ministry of Environment Ministry of National Development Planning / National Development Planning Agency Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Ministry of Forestry Ministry of Industry
Secretariat (NCCC)
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Ministry of Home Affairs

Ministry of Transportation
Secretariat
The secretariat, which is situated in the National Council on Climate Change (NCCC) is responsible for facilitating the work of NC-CDM and Technical Team.
Ministry of Finance
Ministry of Agriculture Agency of Technological Assessment and Implementation (BPPT) National Land Agency (BPN) National Council on Climate Change (NCCC)
Technical Team
The technical team evaluates project proposals by using sustainable development criteria and indicators and presents its evaluation report to the commission in order to support its decision. It may ask for inputs from the Expert Group and other Stakeholders.
Expert Group
The expert group assists the Technical team if required by Technical team through the secretariat. They also provide additional evaluation on the project and a second opinion on the Technical teams evaluation.
Experts (83 Members) Stakeholders Forum Technical Team (14Members)

Source: National Council on Climate Change Indonesia <http://pasarkarbon.dnpi.go.id/web/index.php/dnacdm/read/8/membersof-nc-cdm.html>
Stakeholders Forum
Stakeholder Forum is an informative consultation forum to convey information on the proposed CDM project and accommodate comments as well as complaints on the project .
35
(2) DNA Approval Criteria (temporarily used)

1 1 Project proponent prepares application documents as follows The National Approval Application Form Project Design Document (PDD) EIA report (where required) Notes of public consultation; Recommendation letter from Ministry of Forestry, only for forestry CDM project proposal Other supporting documents to justify the project Project Proponent
2 Secretariat receives application documents
The Secretariat receives the documents and check whether the application documents are completed. Executive secretary submits and presents the project proposals to the NC-CDM in Internal Coordination Meeting (1day).
Additional evaluation of the project proposals based on Sustainable Development Criteria and Indicators by Experts (5days), if required.
3.a
3 NC-CDM internal meeting (1day)
Expert evaluation (5days)
3.a
4.a (a) Sectoral evaluation
4
Technical team evaluation
4.b
Expert evaluation (5days)
The National Commission assigns members of the Technical Team to evaluate project proposals based on Sustainable Development Criteria and Indicators. (21days)
If required, Technical Team members of the same sector as the proposed project may take the application document to the Sectoral Technical Team meeting. If required, Technical team and experts write a note on the data needed to be completed and attach it to the evaluation report to be submitted to the National Commission. Submitting the Evaluation Report on project proposals to the Secretariat by the Technical Team. Evaluation Report will be posted on the National Commission website. After receiving the Secretariats report, the National Commission makes a decision whether the project proposal will be given Approval or Rejection. (This process takes one day.)
5 Secretariat receives evaluation report
21 days
4.a
6 NC-CDM Decision-making
6.a Stakeholder Meeting (1day)
4.b
Application document must be completed

No
7 Is document completed?
Yes
Project design 9 modification
Proposal does not meet criteria
8 Approval letter
6.a
If there is any significant difference of opinion among the stakeholders, the National commission may hold a Special Stakeholder Forum. (Forum takes one day)
If the National commission cannot give the Approval Letter because of incomplete data in the project proposal, according to the note made by the Technical Team and experts, the project proponent is given 3 months time to prepare and resubmit the revised project proposal to the Secretariat.
Source: National Comission for Clean Development Mechanism <http://dna-cdm.menlh.go.id/en/approval/>
The Secretariat submits National Commission Approval to the project proponent.
If the proposed project does not meet the criteria, it may be resubmitted for National Approval after modification of the project design.
36
(3) DNA Approval Criteria (temporarily used)

The National Commission evaluates proposed projects based on the following Sustainable Development criteria and indicators.
A. Environment
Criteria Indicators
Environmental sustainability by practicing natural resource conservation or diversification Local community health and safety B. Economy
Criteria
Maintain sustainability of local ecological functions Not exceeding the threshold of existing national, as well as local, environmental standards (not causing air, water and/or soil pollution) Maintaining genetic, species, and ecosystem biodiversity and not permitting any genetic pollution Complying with existing land use planning Not imposing any health risk Complying with occupational health and safety regulation There is a documented procedure of adequate actions to be taken in order to prevent and manage possible accidents
Indicators
Local community welfare
Not lowering local communitys income There are adequate measures to overcome the possible impact of lowered income of community members Not lowering local public services An agreement among conflicting parties is reached, conforming to existing regulation, dealing with any lay-off problems
Indicators
C. Social
Criteria
Local community participation in the project Local community social integrity D. Technology
Criteria
Local community has been consulted Comments and complaints from local communities are taken into consideration and responded to Not triggering any conflicts among local communities
Indicators
Technology transfer
Not causing dependencies on foreign parties in knowledge and appliance operation (transfer of know-how) Not using experimental or obsolete technologies Enhancing the capacity and utilisation of local technology
*OM: Operating Margin, BM: Build Margin., CM: Combined Margin
Grid emission factors (as of 31 March 2011)

Name of CDM Project Activity in Indonesia
Darajat Unit III Geothermal Project
OM*
0.688 0.854 1.24 0.867 0.845 0.740 1.24 1.24 0.906
BM*
0.820 0.854 0.4 0.936 0.886 0.733 0.4 0.4 0.581
Weights
0.50.5 0.50.5 0.50.5 0.50.5 0.50.5 0.50.5 0.50.5 0.50.5 0.50.5
CM*
0.754 0.854 0.820 0.901 0.865 0.737 0.820 0.820 0.743
PT Navigat Organic Energy Indonesia Integrated Solid Waste Management (GALFAD) Project in Bali, Indonesia PT. BUDI ACID JAYA Tapioca Starch Production Facilities Effluent Methane Extraction And On-site Power Generation Project in Lampung Province, Republic of Indonesia MEN-Tangerang 13.6MW Natural Gas Co-generation Project MEN Energy Efficiency Improvement Project Kabil II 11.4 MW Gas Fired Project
Biogas project, BAJ Unit 6

Biogas project, BAJ Way Jepara BAJ Gunung Agung Factory tapioca starch wastewater biogas extraction and utilization project, Lampung Province, Biogas project, BAJ Terbanggi Lahendong II-20 MW Geothermal Project BAJ Pakuan Agung Factory tapioca starch wastewater biogas extraction and utilization project, Lampung Province
1.24
0.32 0.905
0.4
0.72 0.581
0.50.5
0.50.5 0.50.5
0.820
0.520 0.743
37

Grid Emission Factor
Electricity System / Region Sumatra electricity (2005-2007) Jamali electricity (2004-2006) East Kalimantan system system Emission Factor (tCO2/MWh)

Date of signature of Climate Change Convention Date of ratification of Climate Change Convention 5 June 1992 23 August 1994 13 July 1998 3 December 2004 21 July 2005 30 September 2009
Ex-post
0.715
Ex-ante 0.743
0.891 0.742
Date of signature of Kyoto Protocol

Date of ratification of Kyoto Protocol Establishment of DNA Change of DNA secretariat
West Kalimantan
Central and South Kalimantan North and Central Sulawesi Utara with Gorontalo South, West and Southeast Sulawesi
0.786
1.280 0.121 0.267
0.775
1.273 0.161 0.269
Source: National Commission for Clean Development Mechanism <http://dna-cdm.menlh.go.id/en/> and National Council on Climate Change Indonesia <http://pasarkarbon.dnpi.go.id/web/index.php/komnasmpb/cat/6/oth er-information.html>
Source: UNFCCC <http://maindb.unfccc.int/public/country.pl?country=ID>
Contact Information
Indonesian DNA Secretariat National Council on Climate Change (NCCC)* Indonesia BUMN Building 18th floor, Jl. Merdeka Selatan kav. 13, Jakarta Pusat Phone: +62-21-3511400 Fax: +62-21-3511403
*Indonesian: Dewan Nasional Perubahan Iklim (DNPI)
References National Council on Climate Change Indonesia http://www.dnpi.go.id/, http://pasarkarbon.dnpi.go.id/web/ Market Mechanism Group, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/index.html
Kentaro Takahashi and Akihisa Kuriyama, IGES Market Mechanism Group December 2011
Acknowledgement The valuable information and comments were provided by the Climate Change Division of State Ministry of Environment, and National Council on Climate Change Indonesia. IGES would like to express its sincere appreciation for the extended cooperation of both parties in the development of Market Mechanism Country Fact Sheet for Indonesia.
38
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Lao PDR
National Climate Change Policy in Lao PDR

Name
Objective
Goal
Strategy on Climate Change of the Lao PDR To secure a future where the Lao PDR is capable of mitigating and adapting to changing climatic conditions in a way that promotes sustainable economic development, reduces poverty, protects public health and safety, enhances the quality of Lao PDRs natural environment, and advances the quality of life for all Lao people. a) Reinforce Sustainable Development Goals of the Lao PDR, including measures to achieve low-carbon economic growth; b) Increase resilience of key sectors of the national economy and natural resources to climate change and its impacts; c) Enhance cooperation, strong alliances and partnerships with national stakeholders and international partners to implement the national development goals; d) Improve public awareness and understanding of various stakeholders about climate change, vulnerabilities and impacts, GHG emission sources and their relative contributions, and of how climate change will impact the countrys economy, in order to increase stakeholder willingness to take actions.
Year 2010 implemented Existing strategies expected to be updated in the framework Environmental Strategy 1Environmental Education and Awareness strategy Biodiversity Strategy Renewable Energy strategy Forestry Strategy Priorities areas for Adaptation and Mitigation 1. Agriculture and Food Security 5. Industry 2. Forestry and Land Use Change 6. Urban Development 3. Water Resources 7. Public Health 4. Energy and Transport
Source: National Environment Committee, 2010, Strategy on Climate Change of the Lao PDR
Related policy for Climate change initiatives Environment Law 1999 Water Law 1996 Agriculture Law 1998 Forest Law 1996 Land Use Law 1996 Electricity Law 1997 Mining Law 1997 Road Transportation Law 1997 39 Urban Planning Law 1999. Decree on Social and Environment Impact Assessment, June 2010 Policy on Sustainable Hydro-power Development Clean Development Mechanism Regulation (in process)
Source: Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office of Japan, Center for Global Environmental Research ,National Institute for Environmental Studies http://www-gio.nies.go.jp/aboutghg/nir/nir-j.html)
Information on GHG and mitigation action

GHG emissions by sector
140,000
GHG emissions and removals

Energy 4%
120,000 100,000
Waste 1%
Agriculture 23%
80,000 60,000 40,000

121,614
Forestry 72%
20,000 24,177 0
Emissions
CO2 equivalent (Gg)
Source: Lao People Democratic Republic, The First National Communication on Climate Change http://unfccc.int/essential_background/library/items/3599.php?rec=j&priref=2741#beg
Removals
Key Sectors Strategic Priorities for Mitigation in Strategy on Climate Change of the Lao PDR
Scope of Actions Reducing methane emissions from rice paddies, enteric fermentation and Agriculture & Food livestock manure 1 security Promoting new technology transfers Forestry & Land Reducing slash and burn agriculture, off-site burning and forest fires 2 use change Integrating forest management including effective mapping and planning Promoting 90% of electrification rate by 2020. Accelerating the development of renewable energy (solar, wind and hydro including mini-hydro) and cleaner energy (coal-bed methane and coalmine methane) Introducing energy-efficient lighting, appliances and energy-efficient Energy & buildings 3 Transport Promoting the use of alternate energy operated motor vehicles and pursuing environmental sustainable transport strategy Generating public awareness on energy saving by implementing initiatives such as car free day, marking Earth Day and World Environment Day Improving energy efficiency during the production process Reducing wood waste through improvement of furniture manufacturing 4 Industry techniques and methods Promoting the use of biomass including agricultural residues Applying the 3Rs (reduces, reuse and recycle), composting and landfill gas captured. Urban 5 Upgrading solid waste collection services and management of sewage Development sludge Promoting environmental sustainable urban development Seeking the opportunities under CDM or other flexible and pragmatic financing mechanisms to undertake the development of those measures mentioned above.
Source: Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment
No.
Sector / Actions
40
CDM information
(1) Current Status of CDM in Lao PDR
Only one CDM project, namely energy efficiency in a beer production process, has been registered at the CDM Executive Board. It is not easy to identify CDM projects in Lao, because the of GHG emissions is quite small and there is not much room to reduce them. As seen in the charts of GHG inventory status in Lao, removals excess emissions in terms of amount of GHG in 2000 and major emissions source is forestry. With abundant water recourse, amount of power generation from hydropower plants have been increased and support the growth of export earning recently. As GHG emissions from exist power plants in Laos are nearly zero, renewable energy projects including hydropower and energy saving projects in which activity site is connected to power grid system in Lao face issues that those projects could secure relatively low amount of certified emission reductions (CERs) under current rule. Though power is generated from mainly hydro, 88% of energy demand source is consisted of non renewable energy. Due to lack of electricity supply and small number of manufacturer, the share of electricity in total energy source is small. The Government aims to increase the share of renewable energies to 30% of the total energy consumption in 2025 and increase rural electrification coverage area from 70% to 90% in 2020. Participation of the private sector is expected to achieve the targets. It is required to solve this issue with establishing a new mythology or mobilising other new market mechanisms to enhance implementing projects with market mechanism measures. In addition, waste management sector which is not effected by energy composition has potential to develop projects, because waste management service by municipality as well as measures utilising them as resources (biogas, compost and recycles) is not disseminated.
Basic Information as of November 2011
Summary of CDM Projects approved by DNA (as of November 2011)

Afforestation & reforestation ,1
Project Status CDM projects registered at CDM executive board
Number
Biogas, 1
CDM projects at or after the validation stage CDM projects approved by Lao PDRs DNA
8 10
Hydro power, 6
Cement, 1
Energy efficiency, 1
Source: Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment IGES CDM Project Database < http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/report.html >
41
(2) CDM Project Information

Name of CDM Project Beer Brewery in Lao PDR Type of Project Energy efficiency Project Proponent Project Developer Proact International Inc Submit PDD
Issue Letter of Approval

18/01/07
Status
Beer Brewery
22/05/06
Registered 2007/4/7
Xeset II Hydropower Project TBEC LIG Biogas Project
Hydro power
EDL
Earthsystemslao 21/08/08
01/07/09
Completen ess check
Biogas
Lao Indochina Group Hydro Engineering. Co.,Ltd Nam Lik 1-2 Power.Co.,Ltd
Thai Bio Gas .co.,ltd
10/11/10
12/04/11 Validation
Nam Lik 1 Hydro power Hydropower Project

Nam Lik 1-2 Hydropower Project Nam Sim Hydropower Project Xekhaman 3 Hydropower Project Lao Cement Alternative Fuels Project
ASIANETSERVICE
Nam Lik 1-2 Power.Co.,Ltd
7/11/11
Validation
Hydro power
13/12/10
9/8/11
Validation
Nam Sim Power. Hydro power Co.,Ltd Xekhaman 3 Power Co,.Ltd
Nor Power as And ASIANETSERVICE

Xekhaman 3 Power Co,.Ltd
7/11/11
Validation
Hydro power
05/04/11
9/8/11
Validation
Cement
Lao Cement Co,.Ltd
Lao Cement Co,.Ltd, Joint with the Climate 07/12/10 Control Strategies GmbH
10/03/11 Validation
Rubber base agroforest system for sustainable development and poverty reduction
Afforestation Lao Thai Hua Lao Thai Hua 18/09/09 & Rubber Co., Ltd. Rubber Co., Ltd. reforestation
18/05/10 Validation
Nam Ngum 5 Hydro power Hydropower Project
Nam Ngum 5 Hydroelectric. Co.,Ltd
Sino Hydro Power.Co.Ltd
7/11/11
Before validation
Source: Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment IGES CDM Project Database < http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/report.html >
42
Designated National Authority (DNA) Infornation
(1)DNA Structure
DNA Ministry of Natural Resource and Environment DNA Function and Responsibilities
Development of decree, guideline and criteria on CDM implementation Evaluation of CDM projects Preparation of CDM potential projects Submission of PIN/PDD to issue a formal letter of endorsement or approval by Minister of Natural Resource and Environment Dissemination of available CDM information for public access Management and coordination of the CDM business and investment in Lao PDR

PIN Procedure
Submission of PIN by project participant/ proponent Assessment of CDM criteria by DNA secretariat (Climate Change Office) Yes
10 working days
No
Issuance of non objection by DNA
Continuation of procedure: preparation of PDD
PDD Procedure
Submission of PDD by project participant/ proponent 13 working days No Yes In-depth assessment of CDM criteria Public consultation workshop 30 working days Initial screening by DNA secretariat
Decision concerning approval or rejection of project based on report on public consultation by DNA
No
Yes Issuance of letter of approval by DNA
10 working days
43
*The cost for the workshop must be paid by the project participant/proponent. The estimated cost is less than USD5,000 per workshop.
(3)DNA Approval Criteria

Sustainable Development Criteria Category 1: Environment Category 2: Social Reduction in air pollution Concrete contribution to poverty alleviation Reduction in water pollution Contribution to gender equality and social inclusion Reduction in soil pollution Stakeholder consultation Biodiversity conservation and protection of All groups, both men and women, have equal access endangered species Rational use of mineral resources Creation of employment in the country Sustainable use of forest resources Improvement of community infrastructures & services Protection of archaeological, cultural, historical and Nuisance and risks for the people in the vicinity of the spiritual heritage and sites project area Category 3: Economic Category 4: Transfer of Technology and Knowledge Transfer of appropriate and best available technology Share of project budget spent in-country (BAT) Capacity building of local stakeholders and Reduced dependence on imported fossil fuels industries/businesses Reduced dependence on imported energy Project proponents must submit 10 copies of each following document in English and Lao to the DNA. PDD(in English only) Completed Sustainable Development Checklist form Executive summary Any relevant official approvals from applicable ministries, provincial governments or other authorities as required for the project Information on the environmental and social impact of the project and/or an approved environmental and/or social impact assessment if it is required under Lao law Source: Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment
Relevant Information
Ratification of the UNFCCC Ratification of the Kyoto Protocol Appointment of WREA as the DNA
Source: Ministry of Natural Resources and environment http://maindb.unfccc.int/public/country.pl?country=LA
UNFCCC Related Works

Lao PDRs First National Communication Lao PDRs National Adaptation Programme of Action 1 October 2000 1 May 2009
4 April 1995 6 February 2003 15 July 2003
Source: http://unfccc.int/essential_background/library/items/3599.php?rec=j&p riref=2741; http://unfccc.int/essential_background/library/items/3599.php?rec=j&p riref=6765
Contact Information DNA in Lao Peoples Democratic Republic Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE) P.O. Box 7864 Ban Sisavad, Vientiane, Lao PDR Tel: (856-21) 218712, 265017 Fax: (856-21) 218712, 265017 Email: syamphone.s@gmail.com, laocdm.dna@gmail.com References Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Former Water Resources and Environment Administration, Department of Environment, Prime Ministers Office of Lao PDR) http://www.wrea.gov.la/wrea/ Market Mechanism Group, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies CDM Capacity Building Activities in Lao PDR http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/laos.html Akiko Fukui, IGES Market Mechanism Group December 2011 Acknowledgement The valuable information and comments for CDM projects and a DNA structure in Lao PDR were provided by MONRE. IGES would like to express appreciation for this support in making the CDM Country Fact Sheet of Lao PDR. 44
CDM National Bureau
National Climate Change Policy in Mongolia

Name National Action Program on Climate Change (NAPCC) To maintain ecological balances To develop social and economic resilient to climate change To reduce vulnerabilities and risks Goal To mitigate GHG emissions through improvement of economic productivity and efficiency To support implementation of Green growth policies Year implemented 2011-2016 (1st phase), 2017-2021 (2nd phase) National Renewable Energy Program 2005-2020 To increase share of renewable energy in total energy generation to 20-25% by 2020 To reduce system loss by more than 10% (base line yr. 2005) by 2020 New Reconstruction Mid Term Development Program 2010-2016 To decrease air pollution -30% by 2012, -50% by 2016 2010
Name Goal Name Goal Baseline year
Source: Ministry of Nature, Environment and Tourism, Mongolia (MNET)
Relevant Policy for Market Mechanisms

Renewable Energy Law (11 Jan. 2007) Regulates the operation and supply of energy from renewable energy sources. Sets out the tariffs for energy generated and delivered from renewable energy sources, which are valid for a period of min. 10 yrs from entry into force of the Law.
Law on Air Pollution Payment (24 June 2010) Defines items and unit to levy air pollution fee/tax, fee range, punishment for non compliance with the law etc., Law on Air Defines responsibility and role of various institutions in protecting air quality and reducing air pollution. Authorises Ministry of Nature, Environment and Tourism (MNET) to establish Climate Change Coordination Office (CCCO) to formulate and implement climate change policies and programs and carry out activities to meet commitments under UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol.
(revised and came into force on 24 June 2010)
Source: MNET

45 Publication Date 28 January 2010
Source: UNFCCC http://unfccc.int/meetings/cop_15/copenhagen_accord/items/5265.php
Institutional Frameworks

Source: MNET
Carry out day to day activities related to implementations of responsibilities and commitments under the UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol as well as of the NCCC Formulate and implement climate change policies and program nationwide Coordinate sectoral actions and policies for climate change
National Committee on Climate Change (NCCC)

Head: Minister for Nature, Environment and Tourism Accountable authority for climate change related issues In charge of: - approving countries climate change policies and programme - evaluates projects - contributes guidance to these activities
Ministry of Nature, Environment and Tourism (MNET) Climate Change Coordination Office (CCCO) CDM National Bureau (CDM-NB)
Green Growth Committee
(2) National Action Program on Climate Change (NAPCC)

Strategic Objective
Source: MNET
1. Create legal framework, institutional and administrative structure that support implementation of measures against climate change 2. Ensure ecological balances and reduce socio economic vulnerabilities and risks step by step through strengthening of national adaptation capacity to climate change 3. Mitigate GHG emissions step by step and create basis for transiting to low carbon economy through introduction of environmentally friendly technologies and improvement of productivity and efficiency 4. Enhance national climate observation network, research and assessment 5. Conduct public awareness and support citizens and communities to participate in actions against climate change
1st Phase2011-2016)
National mitigation and adaptation capacities will be strengthened. Legal framework, institutional and administrative structure will be set up. Community and public participation will be increased.
2nd Phase2017-2021
Best available measures and activities for climate change adaptation will be implemented. Sustainable implementation of actions to decelerate growth of GHG emissions will begin.
Central Authorities Responsible

Finance Economy Foreign affairs Food and agriculture Industry Energy and mineral resource Transportation, construction and urban planning Health Education, culture and science 46

Industry 4% Waste 1%
Agriculture sector
Rice cultivation
(Gg of CO2e)
0 1
Field burning of agricultural residues

Manure management Agricultural soils Energy 65% Enteric fermentation
LUCF 13%
172
394 5,895
Agricul ture 41%
Energy sector
Fugitive emissions from fuels Fuel combustion
Oil and natural gas Coal Others 0 150
(Gg of CO2e)
244
356 1,181 1,887
Manufacturing and construction
Commercial, residential & agriculture

Transport Energy industries
6,399
Source: Mongolias 2nd National Communication to UNFCCC http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/mongnc2.pdf
1 a b
Source: UNFCCC http://unfccc.int/meetings/cop_15/copenhag en_accord/items/5265.php
Sector / Actions
Energy supply - Increase renewable options PV and solar heating Wind power generators and Wind farms
Scope of Actions
Install large scale PV systems in Gobi region Place 100-150kW wind turbine generators in provincial centers in the southern part Implement large scale wind farm project Encourage the use of small and medium sized hydro developments
c 2 a b 3
Hydro power plants Energy supply - Improve coal quality Coal beneficiation Coal briquetting
Introduce coal washing at the biggest coal mines such as Banganuur, Shivee-Ovoo and Tavantolgoi Introduce coal briquetting technology
Energy supply - Improve efficiency of heating boilers
a
b
Improve efficiency of existing HOBs and Install boilers with new design and high efficiency
Convert hot water boilers into small capacity thermal power plants
Use 25MW efficient boilers x 12 Install 1MW new boilers x 260

Convert steam boilers into 10MW thermal power plants x 5
47
4 a b
Sector / Actions
Scope of Actions
Energy supply - Improving household stoves and furnaces Change fuels for household stoves and furnaces Modernize existing and Implement the new design for household stoves and furnaces Change raw coal used in stoves of households in cities by LPG and Coal briquette Modernize stoves and furnaces x 250,000
Energy supply - Improve CHP plants

Improve efficiency and Reduce internal use Improve efficiency at CHP plants Reduce own use at CHP plants
Energy supply Increase use of electricity for local heating in cities
Use of electricity from grid for individual households in cities

7 a
In ger (traditional tent house) districts of Ulaanbaatar city
Building Building energy efficiency improvement Improve district heating system in buildings Reduce the loss such as minimizing leakage and replacement of valves and compensators Regulate room temperatures by residential customers Install the meters in apartments to calculate their heating fee and price based on actual amount of feat used Lesson the heat loss to improve energy efficiency at houses and buildings 2-3 times higher than current Replace current ILB to energy efficient CFL in 30% of service and commercial buildings
b c
Install heat and hot water meters in apartments Make Insulation improvements for existing buildings and implement new energy efficient standards for new buildings Improve lighting efficiency in buildings
d 8
Industry Energy efficiency improvement in industry
a
b
Improve housekeeping practices

Implement motor efficiency improvements
Good housekeeping and energy management

Energy efficient motors; variable speed drives; improved operation and maintenance; correction of previous over-sizing; improved mechanical power transmission, efficiency of driven equipment Change the wet-processing of cement to 1,000 -12,00 kcal/kg.cl. dry-processing
c 9
Introducing dry-processing in cement industry Transport
Use more fuel efficient vehicles
Implement used vehicle import standards to promote import of fuel efficient vehicles Implement vehicle registration tax to improve overall fuel efficiency of vehicles
48
10
Sector / Actions Agriculture
Scope of Actions
Limit the increase of the total number of Arrange a good environment of economics and infrastructure livestock by increasing the productivity of each for the animal husbandry sector type of animal, especially cattle Refine upon livestock breeding and service in accordance with social needs Bring the veterinary works and service into international standards Improve abilities if bearing risks like various change of climate, nature and ecology Develop the goal-directed market of livestock, livestock raw materials and products and accelerate the economic circulation
11 Forestry
Improve forest management
Natural regeneration Plantation forestry Agro-forestry Shelter belts Bioelectricity

Initiate and implement a REDD projects through reforestation activities by community based forest management improvement and sustainable use of forest resources
Reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, improve sustainable management of forests and enhance forest carbon stocks in Mongolian forest sector
CDM Information
(1)Current Status of CDM in Mongolia
The CDM National Bureau (CDM-NB) was established at MNET on 14 November 2004. Since its establishment the Bureau has been dealing with acceptance of CDM project proposals for comment, assessment and issuance of no objection and approval letter. CDM project approval procedure and sustainable development criteria were renewed on 28 June 2011, by the directory of Minister for Nature, Environment and Tourism. The supervision of CDM-NB has been delegated to Climate Change Coordination Office as stipulated in the new Law on Air approved by Parliament on 24 June 2010 .
Basic Information as of Nov. 2011
Project Status CDM projects registered at CDM executive board
No. 3
CDM projects approved by DNA

CDM projects at or after the validation stage
6
2
Source: IGES CDM Project Database http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/report_cdm, CDM National Bureau (CDM-NB) http://www.cdm-mongolia.com
Basic Data for Registered CDM Projects as of Nov. 2011

Registered CDM Projects Amount of Average annual Total ERs issued No. of Review Rejected emission by 2012 CERs projects reduction(tCO ) Conducted (tCO2) 2 (tCO2)
Hydro Power Energy Efficiency Total 49 2 1 3 30,000 11,904 23,968* 302,173 83,328 385,501 15,354 0 15,354 0 0 0 0 0 0

DNA Approval and CDM Registration Status (as of Nov. 2011)
Name of CDM Project Activity Type of Project Supple mental Info. Approval Annual ER Date (tCO2/ (D/M/Y) yr) PPs (Host Country)
Energy Authority, Implementi ng Agency of the Governmen t of Mongolia Energy Authority, Implementi ng Agency of the Governmen t of Mongolia Prokon Nord Energiesyst eme GmbH Mongol Zuukh XXI ltd.
Clean Energy LLC, Mongolia
PPs (Others)
Status
Durgun Hydropower Project in Mongolia
Hydro Power
New reservoir
2006/10/2
30,400
Mitsubishi UFJ Securities Co., Ltd.
Issued CERs are 14,468 tCO2
Taishir Hydropower Project in Mongolia
Hydro Power
New reservoir
2006/10/0 2
29,600
Mitsubishi UFJ Securities Co., Ltd.
Amount of 1st and 2nd issued CERs are 886tCO2
A retrofit programme for decentralised heating stations in Mongolia
Energy Supply Efficiency side
2006/04/2 7
11,904
Registered
Salkhit wind Farm Maikhan small hydropower project in Mongolia
Wind Power
Total 50MW
Reissuanc e of LoA 2011/11/11
180,96 0
Under validation
Hydro Power
Run river
of 2010/12/0 9
36,377 Erchim
Usny
Co.,Ltd. NTIC Co.,Ltd (New Technology Investment and Consulting) Group
Before validation
Pellet and briquette plant in Mongolia
Biomass
Others
2011/03/2 1
19,436
EnBW Trading GmbH
Under validation
Source: IGES CDM Project Database http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/report.html CDM-NB http://www.cdm-mongolia.com
50
(1) DNA Structure CDM National Bureau (CDM NB)

Ad Hoc Expert Group CDM National Bureau is responsible for
I. II. III. IV.
CDM Project Appraisal Committee

Chair: Ministry of Nature, Environment and Tourism Secretary: Head of CDM National Bureau Members: Ministry of Mineral Resources and Energy Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Soft Industries Ministry of Social Security and Labor Ministry of Finance Ministry of Road, Transport, Construction and Urban Development National Renewable Energy Center Government Implementing AgencyForestry Authority National Development and Innovation Committee Ulaanbaatar City Governors Office Mongolian Chamber of Commerce and Industry Mongolian Energy Association Mongolian National University National University of Science and Technology 51
V. VI.
VII.
Organising appraisal committee meetings Appointing Ad Hoc Expert Group* Issuing host country letter of approval/no objection to CDM project proponents; Conducting monitoring for performance of CDM projects after the host country approval has been given; Maintaining a registry of CDM projects in Mongolia; Organising meetings for technical team and providing consultation and facilitation to stakeholders, project developers, and communities; Responding to requests related to the national CDM policies;
I.
Assessing projects whether they meet certain technical and environmental criteria for CDM projects
*Ad Hoc Expert Group is responsible for
I.
Evaluating projects on the basis of sustainable development criteria and deciding on whether to issue approval letter or not
CDM Project Appraisal Committee is responsible for

Project proponent (PP) is required to submit the following for application for letter of No Objection (LoNO): Letter of request for No Objection in Mongolian (original copy signed and stamped by PP) PIN, in English language, 2 paper copies and an electronic copy Declaration signed by PP that the PP is aware of the meaning of LoNO and responsibilities to bear by receiving LoNO. Procedure for issuing LoNO is as follows: 2 After receiving the application, CDM NB will conduct completeness check in 3 working days and if all the submitted documents are complete ,CDM NB will upload the PIN on its website for 2 weeks. 3 CDM NB will summarise comments received and send it along with all the supporting documents to the Appraisal Committee (AC) members. The will inform the PP of the AC decision 4 thirtyCDM NB days after the submission depending within the working upon speed of feedback from PP to any questions raised. !!! LoNO doesnt constitute LoA which is prerequisite for the project officially being submitted for validation and registration.
Letter of No Objection (LoNO) Procedure (voluntary) 2 3
PIN submission
3 WD*
CDM NB Uploading on website Collecting public comments AC Members
10 WD* 30 WD*
Informing of AC Decision by CDM NB Letter of No Objection by CDM NB
Yes
No
Rejection/ Resubmission
1 PP is required to submit the following for application for
Clarification Letter of Approval : 1 Letter of request for LoA by project proponent (signed Project PP and stamped) in Mongolian language. Submission 2 hard and a soft copy of completed PDD in most recent Reject/ 5WD* and appropriate format approved by CDM EB Resubmission 2 Document describing how the project is contributing to CDM Initial NB sustainable development of the country by giving detailed Screening Uploading on the explanation for each sustainable development criterions 5-10 WD* website Appointing experts approved by the DNA 3Expert 10 WD* Declaration signed by project proponent that the PP is Ad Hoc Experts Review(ER) 4 aware of the conditions under which LoA will be revoked Public Stakeh Submission of ER by the DNA. 5-20WD* Comments olders Other materials requested by the DNA which were Compilation of deemed as necessary to evaluate the project contribution CDM NB ER and Public to sustainable development. 5 comments Approval procedure in DNA are as follows: Delivering 2 CDM NB will do initial screening within 5 working days 30 -60WD* After initial screening, if submitted documents are 3 Reviewing complete, CDM NB will appoint Ad Hoc Expert Group AC Members submitted who will conduct expert review within 5 working days; documents 4 CDM NB will upload PDD on its website for 2 weeks to Setting Announcing collect public comments date and on the CDM NB time of AC 5 CDM NB will distribute the analysis by Ad Hoc Expert website meeting Group with PDD as well as summary of public comments to AC members and set the date for AC meeting and notification Stakeh Organization announce it on its website. olders 6 Any third party expressed its interest to participate the PP Participation meeting as an observer 3 days earlier the meeting can upon notification Presentation attend the meeting to CDM NB 3 7 The PP will be officially informed of the decision by the days before the CDM National Bureau 30 to 60 working days after the meeting 6 submission, depending upon the speed of feedback from AC meeting the PP to any questions raised.
Letter of Approval (LoA) procedure (obligatory)
An LoA may be re-issued by the Bureau without being regarded as new submission but only in cases where there are no substantive changes to the PDD, for example if there is a change in project designation (project name or PPs) or upon the request of a DOE, the UNFCCC Secretariat or the CDM Executive Board.
7
Decision LoA Rejection/ Resubmission
* Working days
52
Point +2 +1 0 -1 -2
Impact
Highly positive
Positive Neutral (no impact) Negative Highly negative
For each cell of the evaluation sheet, an average of each members score will be taken and considered as the AC valuation for this item. The sum of each column in each of the three sections of criteria (i.e. environment, social & economic), will be added to give the final score. A negative score under any one of the three SD groups will automatically lead to a rejection of the project in its current formulation and the PP will be requested to take countermeasures or review and revise the information provided. A positive score in all three SD groups will lead to automatic approval. However, if there are negative cumulative results in any of the cells the AC will discuss the issue and may request clarifications from the PP. A cumulative score of 0 for any SD group will be considered inconclusive and the AC will resort to voting.
Source: CDM-NB http://www.cdm-mongolia.com
53

Ratification Status
Signature of the UNFCCC Ratification of the UNFCCC Ratification of the Kyoto Protocol Establishment of DNA 12 June 1992 30 September 1993 15 December 1999 14 November 2004
UNFCCC related Works

Mongolias First National Communication 1 November 2001
Mongolias Second National Communication

Source:UNFCCC
10 December 2010
http://unfccc.int/national_reports/non-annex_i_natcom/items/2979.php
Source:UNFCCC http://maindb.unfccc.int/public/country.pl?country=MN
Mongolia Central Grid Emission Factor

Regional Grid (unit: tCO2/ MWh) Central grid system
The eligibility of lands for Afforestation and Reforestation CDM

A single minimum tree crown cover A single minimum land area
A single minimum tree height
2009-2010
OM 1.1501 BM 1.0559
10% 1 ha
2m
Source:CDM-NB http://www.cdm-mongolia.com
Conditions to revoke approval letter by CDM National Bureau

The Bureau shall revoke a LoA if
1
2
the project activities are later found to be in breach of Mongolian laws and regulations if there was a deliberate misrepresentation of facts contained in the submitted documents
Contact Information Mongolian DNA CDM National Bureau, Ministry of Nature, Environment and Tourism UN street 5/2, Government building 2, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia Tel: 976-11-320402 Email: info@cdm-mongolia.com Website: www.cdm-mongolia.com
Yuriko Koyanagi, IGES Market Mechanism Group December 2011 Acknowledgement Data and information on Mongolia CDM projects for DNA approval were provided by the CDM NB-MNET. The valuable information and comments received from the CCCO and CDM NBMNET for this issue of the Market Mechanism Country Fact Sheet were greatly appreciated. 54
Department of Environment and Natural Resources Environmental Management Bureau
National Climate Change Policy in the Philippines

Name National Framework Strategy on Climate Change To establish the roadmap in creating a climate riskresilience, with the general goal of building the adaptive capacity and increasing the resilience of natural ecosystems to climate change and optimizing mitigation opportunities. 2010 National Climate Change Action Plan To address a realistically achievable country-driven programme of action for integrated climate change adaptation and mitigation Food Security, Water Sufficiency, Environmental and Ecological Stability, Human Security, Sustainable Energy, Climate-Smart Industries and Services, and Knowledge and Capacity Development 2011
Objective
Year signed Name Objective
Target sectors Year developed
Source: Climate Change Commission http://www.climate.gov.ph/
Renewable Energy Policy in the Philippines

Feed-in Tariff (FIT) Renewable Energy Act (R.A. 9513) (signed: December, 2008)
To accelerate the development of emerging renewable energy resources, a feed-in tariff system for electricity produced from wind, solar, ocean, run-of-river hydropower and biomass is mandated (Section 7). FIT system Rules
Issued by Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC) in July, 2010 Priority connection to the grid and purchase and transmission of renewable energy End users are obliged to pay a uniform Peso/kWh charge (Feed-in Tariff Allowance, or FIT-ALL) Renewable energy developers shall be eligible for the FIT applicable for them for 20 years
55
Source: R.A. 9513 Renewable Energy Act http://www.senate.gov.ph/republic_acts/ra%209513.pdf Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC) http://www.erc.gov.ph/

Climate Change Commission
To coordinate, monitor & evaluate the climate change related programs and action plans Chair: President Commissioner/Vice Chair Commissioner
Composition of Advisory Board

Secretaries of selected departments (DA, DOE, DENR, DepEd, DFA,
DOH, DILG, DND, DPWH, DOST, DSWD, DTI, DOTC, NEDA)
Director-General, National Security Council Chairperson, National Commission on the Role of Filipino Women; Presidents of the Leagues of Provinces, Cities, Municipalities, and Liga ng mga Barangay; Representatives from academia, business sector, and nongovernmental organisations
Panel of Tech. Experts

To provide technical advised in climate science, technologies, and best practices
Commissioner
Climate Change Office

To assist the Commission
Source: Republic Act No.9729. Republic of the Philippines
Executive Director
*the Vice Chair of the commission, a member of the Cabinet, acts as Executive Director
(2) National Framework Strategy on Climate Change

Vision
A climate risk-resilient Philippines with healthy, sage, prosperous & self-reliant communities, and thriving & productive ecosystems
Goal
To build the adaptive capacity of communities and increase the resilience of natural ecosystems to climate change, and optimize mitigation opportunities towards sustainable development.
Adaptation
Enhanced Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessments Integrated Ecosystem-Based Management Climate-Responsive Agriculture Water Governance & Management Climate-Responsive Health Sector Disaster Risk Reduction
Source: National Framework Strategy on Climate Change
Mitigation
Energy Efficiency & Conservation Sustainable Infrastructure Renewable Energy Environmentally Sustainable Transport National REDD+ Strategy Waste Management
56
(3) National Climate Change Action Plan

Goal
To build the adaptive capacity of women and men in their communities, increase the resilience of vulnerable sectors and natural ecosystems to climate change, and optimize mitigation opportunities towards gender-responsive and rights-based sustainable development
2016
Proposals for the first 5 years, Vulnerability Assessments Demonstration sites for Eco-towns R&D on components to support Renewable Energy and Sustainable Transport System
2011
Providing agenda for adaptation and mitigation for 2011 to 2028
2028
Seven strategic priorities

1. 2. 3. 4. Food Security Water Sufficiency Ecosystems and Environmental Stability Human Security 5. Climate-smart Industries and Services 6. Sustainable Energy 7. Knowledge and Capacity Development
Source: National Climate Change Action Plan
Information on GHG
Overview of GHG Emissions Overall 2000 GHG emissions per sector (Gg of CO2e)
69,667
37,003 8,610 Energy Industrial Agriculture Processes LUCF 11,599 Waste
Share of GHG emissions per sector (without LUCF)

Industrial Processes 7% Waste 9%
Agriculture 29%
-105,111
Energy 55%
57
Source: National Framework Strategy on Climate Change
CDM Information (1)Current Status of CDM in the Philippines

Project Status CDM projects registered at CDM executive board CDM projects at or after the validation stage
Source: IGES CDM Project Database http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/report_cdm
CDM National Bureau http://www.cdm-mongolia.com
Number of Projects 57 25
Basic Data on CDM Projects as of 1 November 2011

Registered CDM Projects
No. of Projects Biogas (Animal waste) Biogas (Waste water treatment) Biomass Utilization Cement Geothermal power Hydro power Methane avoidance (Composting) Methane recovery & utilization (Landfill) 35 2 5 0 1 5 1 Ave. Annual ERs (tCO2/y) Total ERs by 2012 (tCO2) Issued CERs (tCO2) Review Requested Rejected
11,427
62,272 46,232 0
1,005,154
657,731 844,143 0
11,074
0 0 0
4
1 0 0
1 0 0 1 0 0 0
74,916
63,311 8,322
368,713
693,956 24,467
0
0 0
0
0 0
232,443
2,961,399
241,742
Secondary catalytic reduction of N2O emissions

Waste gas/heat utilization Wind power Total
39,177
111,272
2 1 57
36,736 56,751 39,554*
329,317 435,634 7,431,785
15,637 105,368 373,821
0 0 9
0 0 2
58

The Number of Registered CDM Projects by Province (as of 1 November 2011) Region Province Tarlac Rizal Batangas Bulacan Pampanga Cavite Laguna Metro Manila Total 70 18 10 8 8 5 4 4 3
Hydro Power, 3 Waste gas/heat utilization, 1 Wind power, 1
Luzon
Methane recovery & utilization, 4 Biomass, 4 Methane avoidance, 7
Biogas, 50
Luzon
Benguet Isabela Quezon

Bataan Ilocos Norte Nueva Ecija Nueva Vizcaya Visayas Cebu Negros Occidental Negros Oriental Mindanao Misamis Oriental Davao del Sur Bukidnon Davao del Norte
2 2 2
1 1 1 1 8 4 2 2 11 5 4 1 1
Methane recovery & utilization, 1 Geothermal Biogas, 3 power, 1 N2O decomposition, 1 Biomass, 2
Waste gas/heat utilization, 1
Visayas
Hydro power, 3
Biogas, 7
Mindanao
Source: PDDs downloaded at UNFCCC website http://cdm.unfccc.int/ Note: some projects are conducted in several locations and therefore the total in a region does not necessarily the same as the total of all provinces in a region. This may be revised as follows: some projects are implemented in several locations and therefore the total number of sites does not necessarily reflect the actual number of project activities registered.
59
(1) DNA Structure

DENR Secretary CDM Steering Committee TEC for Energy-Related Project Activities
Department of Energy
Chair: DENR Undersecretary & alternate Members & alternates: Department of Energy, Department of Science and Technology Private Sector (c/o the Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industry) NGO (c/o the Philippine Network on Climate Change)
TEC for Afforestation & Reforestation Project Activities
FMBDENR
TEC for Waste Management Project Activities
EMBDENR
CDM Secretariat
EMBDENR
Source: DENR Administrative Order No.2005-17 (31 August, 2005), Annex V, Organizational Structure of the DENR as the Designated National Authority
Designation of the Philippine DNA for CDM Executive Order No. 320, series of 2004: Designating the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) as the National Authority for the Clean Development Mechanism Promulgation of the Rules and Regulations Governing the Implementation of Executive Order No. 320, series of 2004
25 June 2004
31 August 2005 (Signature) 7 September 2005 (Effectivity) 60
CDM NATIONAL APPROVAL PROCESS BASIC STEPS
Step 1 Project Application Project Proponent
Step 2 Project Evaluation
Step 3 Project Endorsement CDM Steering Committee
Step 4 Project Approval/ NonApproval
TEC
DNA Head (Secretary of DENR)
Project application Monitoring CDM Secretariat

Source: DENR Administrative Order No.2005-17 (31 August, 2005), Chapter III CDM National Approval Process
Application Fees and Processing Time

Fees (PHP)
Filing Fees CDM Project Activities Not Considered Small Scale Small-Scale CDM Project Activities 600 Target Time (Working Days)
10,000
5,000
15-20
20-25
Source: DENR Administrative Order No.2005-17 Section 10.1 and Annex I on Schedule of Fees
61

Economic Dimension Criteria
Sustainable development benefits and the legal capacity to participate serve as the bases for evaluating an application.
Sustainable Development Benefits Description (SDBD):
Local companies to be contracted for the construction, implementation Number of workers from the host community (skilled and unskilled, contractual and permanent employment, competitive packages) Livelihood opportunities Finance schemes for sustainable alternative livelihood. Provide proper safety nets and Measures to address the replacement of lost assets, loss of livelihood opportunities as a result of the project compensatory measures for Safety nets and compensatory measures as a result of affected stakeholders operation/implementation risks and potential hazards Promote the use of cleaner, Transfer of appropriate technology (describe actual technology, extent more efficient and environment- of its application in the sector, dependability/reliability/efficiency and friendly technology in the sector expected technological problems and how to address such problems) In addition to the estimated foreign capital inflow received from an Annex I country and the reduction in expenditures for a particular item as a result of the project, include the amount of savings to be generated Provide new financial and the amount of funds therefrom to be allocated for other purposes resources for the improvement of the host community such as setting up of development funds for sustainable programmes for disadvantaged sectors / groups, employee benefits, etc.
Project Level Indicators (Examples)
Provide livelihood and other economic opportunities in the community
Social Dimension
Provide education and training which build the capacities of local stakeholders Provide vulnerable groups access to local resources and services Promote local participation in the project activity Environmental Dimension Improve local environmental quality Comply with environmental policies and standards Promote sustainable use of natural resources
Frequency and types of training (social, technological, entrepreneurial, etc.) for the projects labour force and the host communities Frequency of educational tours for academe, related industries and other interested parties on the technology, impacts of climate change and CDM visits/tours/lectures conducted per month Scholarships for deserving local stakeholders Access to local resources (fishing grounds, forests, water, etc.) Supply of and access to basic needs (water, food, electricity, medical outreach, etc) for affected vulnerable groups. Level of coordination with and participation of various sectors, social development strategies, integration with the community Measurable indicators to show the improvement in local environmental quality other than the GHG emission reduction schedule of surveys, inventories and other monitoring tools Stability and treatment of any form of waste coming from the project. Present and expected level of compliance with all applicable environmental policies and standards (EIA, air, water, land use and forestry, natural habitat and protected areas, waste hazardous, etc.) vis--vis historical data Concrete efforts of the project to promote sustainable strategies and programs for the use of natural resources in and around project site (water, forests, etc.)
Source: Joyceline A. Goco (2006) Host Country Approval Process: Initial Experiences (presentation)
62
Required Application Documents for Requesting Host Country Approval

1. Letter of Intent[1] 2. Application Letter (template available at the Philippine DNA website) 3. Project Design Document (PDD) 4. Required Attachments (1) Sustainable Development Benefits Description State project level indicators. If there are existing sustainable development-related programs as mandated under Philippine laws, rules and regulations as a result of the core or base project, the related CDM project activity should be able to provide new sustainable development benefits on top of these programs. (2) Proof of Legal Capacity[2] (3) Supporting Documentation of Stakeholders Consultation (4) Environmental Compliance Certificate / Certificate of Non-Coverage[3] (5) Copies of other permits, certificates and clearances as applicable (e.g. Permit to Discharge, Clearance from the Fertilizers and Pesticides Authority, etc.)
(6) Evidence of adequacy of supplies critical to the project activity and proof that other users are not unduly disadvantaged (e.g. copy of final contracts with suppliers of biomass/feedstock)
(7) Evidence of the coverage of agreement between the CDM project developer and the project owner-proponent (Responsibilities, Liabilities, Benefit Packages, etc.) (8) Results of Feasibility Study, if any
(9) Notarization (accountability statement original copy)

(10) 10 Printed copies and 2 electronic copies of the complete set of application documents (including maps, charts, photos, etc.). To facilitate the filing of applications, applicants are advised to seek an appointment with the CDM Secretariat for the initial verification of completeness of documents prior to reproduction.
UNFCCC CDM Executive Board 41, Annex 46: Guidance on the demonstration and assessment of prior consideration of the CDM [2] Host country authorization is required in order to open accounts in the CDM registry. The following proof/s that the Philippi ne project proponents possess the legal capacity to participate in, and undertake the proposed CDM project activity, must be submitted: Charter / SEC Registration, Articles of Incorporation, latest/updated General Information Sheet, valid Business Pe rmit, Certificate of Good Standing and No Pending Cases, Company Profile and Management Experience [3] The following projects are not required to acquire an ECC under Presidential Decree No. 1586: a.) Family dwellings / residential units; b.) Barangay Micro-Business enterprises under Republic Act 9178; c.) Projects that are existing or operational prior to 1982 and has not expanded in terms of production, process or area; not stopped for at least two years since 1982; with technology / production method or manufacturing process / operation used prior to 198 2 and were not modified; with project facilities or structures prior to 1982 that were not changed or added to; and d.) Other projects classified as Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) under the Categorization Matrix of the Procedural Manual.
[1]
Source: CDM Secretariat, EMB-DENR (2006) Documentary Requirements
63

The UNFCCC
Date of signature Date of ratification Date of entry into force 12 June 1992 2 August 1994 31 October 1994
The Kyoto Protocol

Date of signature Date of ratification Date of entry into force 15 April 1998 20 November 2003 16 February 2005
National Communication
First National Communication 19 May 2000
Source: Ratification Status in the UNFCCC webpage http://maindb.unfccc.int/public/country.pl?country=PH
Guidance/Clarification from DNA Interim Guidelines on the conduct of stakeholders consultation under DAO 2005-17[1] Minimum Contents of the Documentation of Stakeholders Consultation: Proof of Written Announcement / Invitation, List of Participants containing complete names, specific organizations and sectors/affected groups represented, signatures, Minutes of Proceedings with a section on stakeholder profiling; photos and presentation materials as annexes, Summary of Issues and Concerns Raised, Proposed Measures to Address Issues and Concerns, Site / Vicinity Map Guidelines governing the evaluation of CDM Afforestation and Reforestation (AR) project activities [2] 1.The CDM Afforestation and Reforestation project activity may be implemented in all open/denuded areas prior to 1990 and at present, either public or private land; 2.The provision on the requirements needed for the TEC Evaluation for the public and private land; 3.The qualified applicant must be a holder of existing and operating tenurial agreement and for non-holder, they must be granted a waiver by the tenured holder and board resolution in case of proclamation to undertake CDM AR project activities in the area; 4.The FMB Secretariat shall see to it that the processing of the documents for each project proposal is within the prescribed evaluation period which shall not exceed five (5) days for smallscale project and nine (9) days for large-scale project. [1] Philippines DNA website Technical Resources, http://cdmdna.emb.gov.ph/ Interim Guidelines for the Conduct of the Stakeholders Consultations [2] FMB Circular No. 2007-01
Benchmark Rate Information on the Registered CDM Projects

Project Type Hydro Power Geothermal Power Methane Recovery & Utilization Wind Power Benchmark Type Treasury Certificate Risk premium NA Government bond rate NA Benchmark Rate 11.0% 13.2% 7.1% 13.2% Reference Peso-denominated Philippine government bond as of 16 August 2007 expiring in March 2011 NA Asian Bond On line quotation of 24 May 2007 NA
Source: IGES CDM Investment analysis database http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/report_cdm.html#ia
Contact Information
The CDM Secretariat / the CDM Helpdesk Environmental Management Bureau, the Department of Environment and Natural Resources Address: 2/F, HRDS Building, EMB, DENR Compound, Visayas Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City, 1116 Republic of the Philippines Trunkline: (+632) 929 6626 Direct: (+632) 920 2251 Fax: (+632) 928 4674 Email: joy.goco@yahoo.com, gmerilo@yahoo.com
Naoki Torii, IGES Market Mechanism Group December 2011
Acknowledgement Data and information on Philippine CDM projects were provided by the EMB-DENR. The valuable information and comments received from the EMB-DENR for this issue of the CDM Country Fact Sheet were greatly appreciated.
64
Thailand Greenhouse Gas
Management Organization: TGO
National Climate Change Policy in Thailand

Name Objective Target sectors Year implemented National Strategic Plan on Climate Change Promoting GHG mitigation activities to mitigate climate change Energy, waste, agriculture and industries 2008-2012
Renewable Energy Policy

Name Objective National Renewable Energies Development Plan 2008-2022 Bringing renewable energies to 20.3% of Thailand's total energy mix by 2022 Advancing industrial competitiveness Market transformation Biofuels and co-generation from biomass and biogas (2008-2011), development of alternative energy technology industries and new R & D fields (2012-2016), and enhancement of the use of new alternative energies such as hydrogen 2008-2022 (enacted in 2009)
Target sectors Year implemented
Source: http://www.iea.org/textbase/pm/?mode=re&id=4785&action=detail
Information on GHG
Land-use Change and Forest, -3.44%
Overview of GHG Emissions(2000)

Sector Mt CO2 eq 159.38 16.38 51.87 Manufacturing Energy Industries and Industrial Processes Construction, 19.3% Agriculture Energy Industries, 41.7%
Waste, 4.07%
Land-use Change and Forest

Waste Transport, Total National Emission and Removals 28.0%
-7.89
9.32 229.09
Agriculture, 22.64%
Energy 69.57%
Industrial Processes, 7.15%
Oil and natural gas, 2.9% Solid fuels, 0.4%
65
Other sectors, 7.7%
Source: Thailands second National Communication to UNFCCC http://unfccc.int/files/national_reports/nonannex_i_natcom/submitted_natcom/application/pdf/ snc_thailand.pdf

Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MoNRE)
Thailands National Focal Point to the UNFCCC
Office of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy and Planning (ONEP)
Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (TGO/Public Organization)
1.CDM DNA 2. Promote GHG mitigation activities
Office of Climate Change Coordination (OCCC)
Source: National Strategy on Climate Change Management: Modeling and Data Application , Data Democracy Workshop on Climate Change Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency 7-10 June, 2010 Bangkok, Thailand.
(2) National Master Plan on Climate Change 2011-2050

Strategic goal
(Drafting Stage)
Improve the development of socio-economic and ecosystem Initiate the low-carbon development Boost sustainable development
Phase 1 2-5 years

Urgent Actions
Phase 2 (6-20 years)

Project Base with long term
Phase 3 (20+ years)

Program Base with 20+ years continuance
Source: Thailand Climate Change Proposed New Long Term Policy For Low Carbon Development http://www.ukti.gov.uk/ja_jp/export/howwehelp/overse asbusinessrisk/premiumcontent/210640.html?null
Concerned Authorities
The Ministry of Environment, The Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (TGO) and other related Ministries
Existing instruments related to climate change: Environmental labeling, Carbon Labeling, Green Procurement Policy, Tax incentive and Carbon Fund for CDM.
Resource: Climate change Related Policies in Thailand, TGO, 10 Jun 2011.
66
Current Status of CDM in Thailand

Project Status CDM projects registered at CDM executive board CDM projects approved by the Thai DNA CDM projects at the validation stage No. of Projects
60 146* 95
Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (TGO) is the Designated National Authority (DNA) in Thailand and was established on 6 July 2007. Prior to the establishment of the TGO, the Office of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy and Planning (ONEP) was the DNA office. So far, Thailand issued Letter of Approval (as of October 2011) to 146 projects. Among those projects, 60 projects had been registered at the CDM Executive Board. Most of the projects in Thailand are either biomass energy generation or biogas energy generation by utilizing waste water from pig farm, palm oil mill, and tapioca mill.
Source: IGES CDM Project Database < http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/report_cdm.html >, UNFCCC <http://cdm.unfccc.int/ >, Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (TGO) . Last updated on 1 October 2011. <http://www.tgo.or.th/english/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=17&It emid=29> . Note: * The Data was up to 1 November 2011.
Basic Data on CDM Projects (as of 1 November 2011)
Registered CDM Projects Project Type Rejected Review Conducted
Average Annual No. Of Emission Projects Reduction (tCO2)
Total ERs by 2012 (tCO2)
Amount of Issued CERs (tCO2)
Biogas Wastewater Treatment Biogas Animal Waste Biomass Bagasse
39 4 3
58,214 25,684 85,690
7,003,852 435,426 1,965,827
732,420
3 1 2
Biomass Rice Husk

Landfill gas recovery & utilization Waste heat utilization N2O reduction Biomass EFB Total
4
5 3 1 1 60
43,460
140,674 34,010 142,402 106,592 54,929*
761,944
2,685,861 283,973 504,719 422,929 14,064,530
111,055
21,594 1 1
902,491
67
Source: IGES CDM Project database < http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/report_cdm.html > * This value is not the total of average annual emission reduction of each project type, but average annual emission reductio n of all the seven project types.
DNA Structure
TGOs Organisation Chart
The Thai Designated National Authority Person Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Member of the Board of Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization
The TGO (Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization) Board: Responsible for a final decision making procedure on CDM project approval and issuing Letters of Approval (LoA) to CDM project proponents that fulfil Thailand's sustainable development criteria. The chairman of the TGO Board is nominated by the Cabinet.
The DNA CDM office and secretariat, which is based at TGO, is responsible for administrative the work that coordinates CDM implementation in Thailand and hear the comments from concerned Ministries.
Source: Thailand Greenhouse Gas Organization (TGO) <http://www.tgo.or.th/english/index.php?option=com_cont ent&view=article&id=5:organizationalchart&catid=25:about-tgo&Itemid=28 >
The TGO Board Representatives (1) Government (5 representatives) Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Permanent Secretary) Office of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy and Planning Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency Office of Transportation and Traffic Policy and Planning Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (2) Private sector experts (5 representatives) energy expert business administrative expert forestry expert industrial expert technology expert
68
2DNA Approval Procedure

Project developer submits an Initial Environmental Evaluation and SelfEvaluation on Sustainable Development of CDM Project (IEE-SD Report) , and PDD to TGO, or an approved EIA CDM Project Approval in Thailand 1. Project proponent submits the project design document (PDD) and all necessary documents below to TGO. Project Design Document (PDD) Approved Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) or Initial Environmental Evaluation and Self-Evaluation on Sustainable Development of CDM Project (IEE-SD Report) 2. Should submission of all documents be complete, TGO distributes the above documents to relevant Ministries. At this stage, the relevant ministries are requested to assess the project eligibility. 3. Based on the collective comments, TGO evaluates whether or not the Letter of Approval (LoA) shall be issued. 4. TGO reports the final decision made on each project to the project proponent. If the project is proven to promote sustainable development in the country and meets all necessary requirements, the LoA is to be issued by the Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment.
DNA issues a Letter of Approval
20 days
Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (TGO)
Comments from concerned agencies
Sub-committee on CDM project review
Max 180 days
Board of Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (TGO Board)
CDM Project Approval Fee For projects reducing less than 15,000 tons of CO2e/year: 75,000 Thai Baht (THB) per project For projects reducing more than 15,000 tons of CO2e/year: 10 THB per ton of CO2 e(but not exceeding 900,000 THB per project)
5. Upon issuance of the LoA, the DNACDM notifies the National Board on Climate Change (NBCC) for acknowledgement.
SourceThailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (TGO) <http://www.tgo.or.th/english/index.php?option=com_conte nt&view=category&id=27&Itemid=45 >
Carbon Credit Tax Waiver In February 2011, the Revenue Department enacted the Royal Decree (No.514) to exempt companies or juristic partnerships from a corporate income tax on the net profit derived from the sale of CERs and VERs for CDM projects that received the approval from TGO or for voluntary projects that registered by the TGO prior to the end of 2012. The exemption will apply for three consecutive accounting years starting from the issuance date of CERs from CDM EB for CDM projects and the issuance date of certified letter from TGO for voluntary projects. 69
DNA Approval Criteria

Self Evaluation: Project developers evaluate the project by themselves based on following Sustainable Development (SD) criteria and indicators Scoring - 1 : Negative impact to the area 0 : No impact to the area, or equivalent to the baseline scenario +1, +2: Positive impact on the area, or shows contribution to the surrounding area of the project 1. Natural Indicators Resources and Environment
DNA Evaluation: The TGO Board evaluates proposed projects based on the following SD criteria and indicators;
For the project to be considered as a CDM project and receive a Letter of Approval from Thailand, the project must have a positive score in each group of criteria and the total score must be positive. The SD criteria is under improvement.
2. Social Indicators
Indicators Public participation Support of social, cultural, and sufficiency economy development activities Workers and nearby community health
3. Technology Development and/or Technology Transfer Indicators Indicators Technology development
Indicators
Environmental Indicators Reduction of greenhouse gases under the Kyoto Protocol Air pollution Noise pollution Odor Wastewater management Waste management Soil contamination Underground water contamination Hazardous waste management Natural Resources Indicators Water demand and utilization efficiency Soil / coastal / river bank erosion Green areas Other indicators that have significant impact
SourceThailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (TGO) <http://www.tgo.or.th/english/index.php?option=com_content&view=arti cle&id=24:sustainable-development-criteria&catid=27:approvalprocess&Itemid=45>
End of project life plan or end of crediting period plan that the project activity has adopted
Capacity building for personnel 4. Economic Indicators Indicators Employment Additional stakeholder income Renewable energy utilization Energy efficiency Local content
70
Crown Standard for Thai CDM Projects

Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (TGO) launched its own Crown Standard for Thai CDM Projects after consulting with the Gold Standard Foundation. TGO expects the Crown Standard to become an incentive for Thai CDM projects to contribute more to the environment and to society. In addition, the Thai CERs will be internationally recognised and gain more value added.
Application: The projects requesting the Letter of Approvals (LoAs) will be autonomously considered for its eligibility to the Crown Standard. Projects approved and given LoAs before 1 December 2009 can apply for the Crown Standard without any fee.
Validity: The Crown Standard is valid for 3 years from the issuance date and TGO reserves the right to revoke the Crown Standard should the project fail to meet any of the specifications as required by the Crown Standard. In addition, the project will be closely monitored by TGOs network to ensure the sustainable development taken place on the society and environment as well as maximum benefits to local communities according to the requirements of the Crown Standard.
Criteria for Thai CDM Projects Eligible to Crown Standard Crown Standard will be given to Thai CDM projects that meet the following criteria of the sustainable development criteria assessment. 1. The project that earns a total score and the score of environmental category equal to or higher than "B" level. 2. The project has to organise a stakeholder consultation in the form of public participation process (not just to inform the public), and the project must demonstrate that it contributes benefit from income from carbon credits to local communities, or the project perform CSR. In conclusion, the project must earn a social category score in Item 1 equal to or higher than 1. 3. The project that earns the score of social category in Item 2 (supporting social activities, culture and selfsufficient economy) equal to or higher than 1, or the project earns the score of social category in Item 3 (health and sanitation of workers and nearby communities) equal to or higher than 2.
List of Crown Standard CDM Projects (As of 1 November, 2011)

Project Type Waste heat utilization Biomass Number of Projects Approved 6 Registered 3 1 Total 9 1 Average Annual Emission Reduction (tCO2) 51,575 70,772
Biogas
Fuel switch Hydro power Total
4
1 1 12
5
1 1
63,887
419,759 4,375 75,207*
17
Note: The latest update on TGO website was 8 March, 2011. SourceThailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (TGO) <http://www.tgo.or.th/english/index.php?option=com_content&task=category&sectionid=8&id=34&Itemid=55> * This value is not the total of average annual emission reduction of each project type, but average annual emission reductio n of all the seven project types.
71

Date of signature of Climate Change Convention Date of ratification of Climate Change Convention Date of signature of Kyoto Protocol Date of ratification of Kyoto Protocol 12 June 1992 28 December 1994 02 February 1999 28 August 2002 06 July 2007
Establishment of DNA (TGO)
Source: Interview with TGO, UNFCCC <http://maindb.unfccc.int/public/country.pl?country=TH>
CDM Relevant Regulation

Type* and Sizes of Projects Requiring EIA (Environmental Impacts Assessment ) Report Type Thermal power plant Oil refinery Size 10MW or more All sizes Type Oil and gas pipeline system Mining Sugar production Chemical Fertilizes industry using chemical process Central waste treatment plant as defined by the Industry Act Size All sizes All sizes All sizes All sizes All sizes
Cement industry
Pulp industry Iron and/or steel industry
All sizes
Production capacity of 50 tons/day or more Production capacity of 100 tons/day or more
Source: Office of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy and Planning <http://www.onep.go.th/eia/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=67:2010-10-04-22-39-53&catid=4:2010-09-16-04-32-17&Itemid=10> (Thai only) * Excerpt of projects types which are relevant to CDM.
Contact Information
Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (Public Organization) (TGO) Address: 120 Building B, 9th Fl. The Government Complex Commemorating His Majesty Chaeng Wattana Road, Laksi Bangkok Thailand 10210 Phone: (66-2)141-9790 Fax: (66-2)143-8400 Email: info@tgo.or.th
References
Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (TGO) : http://www.tgo.or.th Market Mechanism Group, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES) http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/index.html
Nozomi Okubo and Miaomiao Zhang, IGES Market Mechanism Group December 2011
Acknowledgement Data and information on Thailand CDM projects for DNA approval was provided by the TGO. The valuable information and comments to this issue of CDM Country Fact Sheet received from TGO were greatly appreciated.
72
Editors: Mr. Kazuhisa Koakutsu, Ms. Yuriko Koyanagi, Ms. Nozomi Okubo, Mr. Kentaro Takahashi, Ms. Akiko Fukui, Mr. Naoki Torii, Mr. Akihisa Kuriyama and Ms. Miaomiao Zhang Market Mechanism Group, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES)
IGES Market Mechanisms Country Fact Sheet provides current and basic information on market mechanisms in selected Asian countries. The contents of this booklet are based on the viewpoints of the editors, not of IGES. Careful attention was paid for the accuracy of the data at the time of publication and neither the editors nor publisher can accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. Please contact the following address if you find errors or have some comments: <cdm-info@iges.or.jp>. This booklet is downloadable at <http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/report.html>. Reproduction and quotation are prohibited without specifying the source.
Market Mechanism Group Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES) 2108-11 Kamiyamaguchi, Hayama, Kanagawa, 240-0011, Japan Email: cdm-info@iges.or.jp HP: www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/index.html

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Updated in December 2011

P. 1-6 P. 7-18 P. 19-30 P. 31-38 P. 39-44 P. 45-54 P. 55-64 P. 65-72

Assigned Amount Unit

CDM Executive Board

Project Idea Note/ Project Concept Note

Institute for Global Environmental Strategies

Ministry of Environment The Royal Government of Cambodia

National Climate Change Policy in Cambodia

Source: Climate Change Department (CCD), Ministry of Environment of Cambodia (MoE)

Recent Activities in Cambodia

Date 19-21 Oct. 2009 3 5 Oct. 2011

Venue Phnom Penh Phnom Penh

Institutional Framework Organisation Charts

IPCCC Focal Point

Ad hoc Inter-ministerial Working Group on Energy

Ad hoc Inter-ministerial Working Group on Forestry

Admin & planning

Education & Outreach

Source: CCD, MoE

Information on GHG and Mitigation actions

Potential Savings by all Mitigation Options

25,000 20,000 15,000

28% saving compared to the baseline

Land Use Change & Forestry 23,600 49%

CDM projects approved by DNA

Waste/heat gas utilisation 1

(2)CDM Project Information Approval Status (as of 1 November 2011)

Project Participants (Others)

Mitsubishi UFJ Registered Securities Co., Ltd. None Registered

Samrong 5,593 Thom Animal Husbandry

Mitsubishi UFJ Securities Co., Registered Ltd.

Cement production line

Under validation Under validation Registered

Agricultural Waste Agricultural Waste

MH Bio52,831 Energy Co., Ltd 27,121 W2E Siang Phong Ltd

Lower Stung Russei Chrum Hydro-Electric Project

Source: CCD, MoE ;

IGES CDM Project Database < http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/report.html >

CDM Projects under development

Type of Project Hydro (Steung Atay) Biomass (bagasse)

Date 26/4/2010 TBC

Remarks Letter of no objection Letter of no objection

Designated National Authority (DNA) Information (1) DNA Structure

Technical Inter-ministerial Working Group

Source: CCD, MoE < http://www.camclimate.org.kh/ >

(2) DNA Approval Procedure

Screening by the DNA secretariat

Evaluation by the Interministerial Technical Working Group

Issuance of approval letter

Source: CCD, MoE <http://www.camclimate.org.kh/index.php?page=searchdocument&docid=b31>

(3) DNA Approval Criteria

1.6 Biodiversity conservation

1.7 Sustainable use of land resources Impact on land resources

2.2 Provision infrastructures

2.3 Stakeholder consultation 2.4 Access to community assets

3.2 Capacity building

CDM Relevant Information

UNFCCC Related Works

Laws and Regulation to Apply for CDM Investment

Source: CCD, MoE < http://www.camclimate.org.kh/index.php?page=searchdocument&docid=b25/ >

Cambodias Regional Grid emissions Factors 2010 (t-CO2/MWh)

Source: CCD, MoE <http://www.camclimate.org.kh/index.php?page=documentation&mcat=cat47&scat=cat50&lang=en>

Institute for Global Environmental Strategies

National Climate Change Policy in China