EC Full Syllabus I

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Sl. Sl. No .: 150112
GATE-2012
(TEST SERIES-6)
EC: Electronics Engineering (Full Syllabus Test - I)
ANSWERS
1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (d) 6. (b) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (b) 10. (c) 11. (d) 12. (d) 13. (a)
14. (a) 15. (d) 16. (a) 17. (b) 18. (d) 19. (a) 20. (d) 21. (a) 22. (d) 23. (c) 24. (c) 25. (b) 26. (a)
27. (b) 28. (b) 29. (c) 30. (c) 31. (a) 32. (a) 33. (d) 34. (c) 35. (a) 36. (c) 37. (c) 38. (b) 39. (a)
40. (c) 41. (a) 42. (d) 43. (c) 44. (d) 45. (c) 46. (d) 47. (a) 48. (c) 49. (c) 50. (c) 51. (c) 52. (a)
53. (a) 54. (a) 55. (c) 56. (b) 57. (a) 58. ( c) ) 59. (c) 60. (b) 61. (b) 62. (d) 63. (a) 64. (c) 65. (c)
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[22]
GATE - 2012 (TEST SERIES - 6)

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ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
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EXPLANATIONS
1. (d) If all the elements of a determinant located on one side of principle diagonal are 0, then = Product of the diagonal elements = 1 2. (a) Since the eigen values of a real skewsymmetric matrix are purily imaginary or zero. Let = bi (where i2 = 1)
Copyright: Subject matter to IES MADE EASY, New Delhi. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilised in any for m without the written per mission.
4. (a)
S N 0
= 1.76 + 6.02 n = 1.76 + 6.02 16 = 98.08 dB
dB
5. (d)
(1+ )2 (1+ bi)2 = (1 )2 (1 bi)2

=
(1 + )2 (1 )2
(1 b2) + 2bi (1 b2) 2bi

(1 b)2 + (2b)2 (1 b) + (2b)
2 2
3. (a)
=1
Let x0 = 0.6 First approximation x1 = =
x1 = 0.6664 Second approximation :
E D A M
xn + 1 = xn =
f(xn ) f(xn ) xn sin xn + cos xn + 1 3 + sin xn x 0 sin x 0 + cos x0 + 1 3 + sin x0
f(x) = 3x cos x 1 f(x) = 3 + sin x
6. (b) It is an FM signal, because the message signal is integrated to produce a phase variation of the carrier. 7. (b) x0 (t) =
1 jt (e e jt ) 2 = j sin t
Y S A E
T0 = 273 + 20 = 293 K The effective noise temperature of the receiver Te = (F 1) T0 = (1005 1) 293 633 K The overall effective noise temperature TIN = Ta + Te = 1050 + 633 = 1683 K Overall noise figure F = 1+
TIN T0 1683 = 674 293 F(dB) = 10 log 674 = 829 dB.
= 1+
0.6sin(0.6) + cos(0.6) + 1 3 + sin(0.6)
8. (a) x(t) = et u(t) X(s) =

1 s +1
0.6664sin(0.6664) + cos(0.6664) + 1 x2 = 3 + sin(0.6664)

= 0.6666
y(t) = e2t cos t u(t) Y(s) =

s+2 (s + 2)2 + 1
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FULL SYLLABUS TEST - I

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[23]
Bhopal Centre Ph: 0755-4004612
Corporate Office (Delhi) Ph: 011-45124612, 9958995830
Therefore,
(s + 2) Y(s) (s + 2)2 + 1 H(s) = = 1 X(s) (s + 1 )

H(s) =
(s + 1) (s + 2) (s + 2)2 + 1 s+2 (s + 2)2 + 1 (s + 2)2 + 1 1
14. (a) Inside a perfect conductor electric field intensity and charge density both are zero. 17. (b) With IB = 0, only emitter-to-collector leakage current flows, and ICEO = ( + 1) ICBO = (100 + 1) (5 106) = 505 106 A = 505 A. 18. (d) p Na q p p = 1016 1.6 1019 400 = 0.64(-cm)1 Therefore, resistivity =
1 = 1.56 -cm. 0.64
H(s) = 1
Taking inverse Laplace transform h(t) = (t) (e2t cos t + e2t sin t) u(t) 9. (b) = 120 = hfe VA = 150 V ICQ = 0.25 mA At room temperature VT = 0.0259 V gm =
19. (a)
mA/V 10. (c)
11. (d)
12. (d) A zero exists at f = f1.
E D A M
x(t) = u(t)
1 s
ICQ 0.25 10 = 0.0259 VT
= 9.65
Y S A E
h12 =
V1 V2 I
1=
When I1 = 0 V1 = 2I2 and V2 = (1 + 2 + 2)I2 = 5I2 h12 =

V1 2I2 = = 0.4 V2 5I2
X(s) =
y(t) = (t) Y(s) = 1.
21. (a) Skin depth =

1 = 6.44 105 m. f
H(s) =
Y(s) 1 = =s X(s) 1 s
A(B + C) AB + AC O = = 1 + A(B + C) 1 + AB + AC R
Because = = 1, = 1.55 104 + j 1.55 104 = 2.20 104 45 (m1)
22. (d) Number of modes supported by Ms =
V2 (24)2 = = 288 2 2
[24]

23. (c)
x 1 Y 1 B A
= cos (2p + 1)x also, cos2( x) = cos2x f(x) = ecos

2
cos2 (2p + 1)x
cos2 x cos2(2p + 1 )x f( x)= e
Y = A+B Y = 0+B = B B = Y 1= Y So Y= B=Y=Y So it remains at its initial state. 24. (c) R= 25. (b)
12 1 5 = 420 . 25 10 3
28. (b) Assuming Nyquist ideal bandwidth, the maximum bit rate can be supported in a transmission bandwidth of 32 kHz
1 2 3 3 2
x[n]h[n] = 1 1 2 3 3 2
x[n] h[n] = {1, 4, 8, 11, 11, 7, 2}
26. (a) f(x, y) = 2f(x,y) f(x, y) is homogeneous function of order 2. So by Eulers theorem,
x2
27. (b) Now cos [(2p + 1) ( x)] = cos [(2p + 1) (2 + 1)x]
E D A M
f f f + 2xy + y2 2 2 xy x y
2 2 2
2 2 4 6 6 4 1 1 2 3 3 2
Y S A E
I=
= f(x) Therefore,
e
0
cos2 x
cos2(2p + 1 dx = 0 )x
Rb = Rb is 32 (bandpass), is BT = 2 2
kbps. BPSK can give a maximum spectral efficiency of 1 bps/Hz. BPSK can not support 48 kbps. QPSK is twice spectrally efficient with a spectral efficiency of 2 bps/Hz. It can support 2 32 = 64 kbps. 8-PSK has a spectral efficiency of 3 bps/ Hz and hence can support 3 32 = 96 kbps. So the best choice would be to use QPSK and to make the system more efficient some good pulse shaping can be used.
29. (c) H(X) =
1 1 log2 = 4b/element 16 i=1 16
16
= 2 (2 1) f(x, y) = 2f(x, y)
r = 2 10 6 (32) = 64 10 6 elements/s Hence average rate of information conveyed R = rH(X) R = 64 106 4 = 256 106 b/s = 256 Mb/s

[25]
30. (c) =
3 10 = 3m 108
8
Also
2 x(t) dt = 1,
Rrad =
2Prad I2
2
A2 =1 168
A=
168
Rrad
= 790 dl
= 878 103
33. (d) Deactivating all the energy sources.

20
I=
200 8 78 10 3
151A
This extremely high current illustrates that an antenna with a length much less than a wavelength is not an efficient radiator.
10
31. (a) For the given input x[n] = cos 2n Response y[n] = | X | | H (ej) | cos(1n + + ) H (ej)| = 2
0 1e j02 = j02 e 05
Therefore, y[n] = 025 cos (02n + 10 + 141) y[n] = 025 cos (02n + 241)
32. (a)
(4 + j) X(j) =
E D A M
=
Y S A E
10 20 b 10 10 10 a 10 10 10 10 b
0 111 3 0 098 + j0 0196 0 5
= 025 141
Converting into Y circuit.

10 a 10
A (3 + j)
3.33 3.33
1 X(j) = A (4 + j) (3 + j)
3.33 R Th b
x(t) =
A[e3t
e4t]
u(t)
RTh = 10
[26]

34. (c)
Vs 10 Av 100 = 1 Sweep error = = 30 300 Vcc

35. (a)
BC A A 1 1 BC 1 BC 1 1 1 BC
36. (c) Charging time constant Tc = (R1 + R2 + R3)C Tc = 52 103 0.01 106 Tc = 52 105 sec Discharging time constant varies. It's maximum value = (50 + 1)C Td = 51 C So Tmax = 0.69 Tc + 0.69 Td Tmax = 0.69[Tc + Td] = 0.69 108 [103] 103 fmin =
1 = 1.407 kHz
Y = BC + AC + AB
B C Y A C
A B
or
B C
A C
B C
A C
E D A M
Y A B
37. (c)
Y S A E
Tmax
Minimum value of discharging time constant Td = R2C = 105 sec Tmin = 0.69[Tc + Td] = 0.69[53 103] 108 fmax =
1 1 = Tmin 0.69 53 105
fmax = 2.734 kHz
Y = PQ (R + ST ) U
Y = PQ + R + ST + U Y = PQ + R S + T + U Y = PQ + RS + RT + U
or
38. (b) First of all, we will check whether Zener diode is in breakdown region or not. For this we will find VOC across Zener diode and equivalent circuit for this is
1 k +
A B
6V
RL
2 k
So total 7-NAND gates required.

[27]
IL =
6 10 3 = 2 mA 1+ 2
2 6 = 4 V 2 +1 VOC < VZ So it is not in breakdown region so it is open circuited. Therefore
VOC =
39. (a) The characteristics equation of the system can be approximated as 1+

K(1 s) s(s2 + 8s + 9)
=0
s3 + 8s2 + (9 K)s + K = 0 The Rouths array is given below

s3 s
2 1
1 8 72 9K 8 K
(9 K) K
s0
For the system to be stable K > 0 and (72 9K) > 0 Therefore, range of gain K for the system to be stable is 0 < K < 8. 40. (c)
Putting s = 1 + j 3 GH =
GH = 90 60 30 = 180 The angle criterion is satisfied, hence point P1 = 1 + j 3 is located on root-locus.
41. (a) The order of A is 2, which means the power series of e At contains only two terms.
E D A M
K j 3(1 + j 3) (3 + j 3)
42. (d) Nothing is said about the permeabilities of the two regions; however, since H1 is entirely tangential, a change in permeability would have no effect. Since Bn1 = 0, Bn2 = 0 and therefore Hn2 = 0
(H1 H2 ) an12 = K

Y S A E
i.e. 0(t) = 1 and 1(t) =
Therefore (t) = eAt = 0(t)I + 1(t) A, where 0(t) and 1(t) are scalar coefficients. The eigen values of the system can be obtained from the characteristics equation |I A| = 0 i.e., ( + 2) = 0 i.e., 1 = 0, 2 = 2 Therefore, e0t = 0(t) + 01(t) and e2t = 0(t) 21(t)
1 e2t 2
So the state transition matrix is given by (t) = eAt = 0(t)I + 1(t) A
1 0 1 e2t = + 2 0 1
0 1 0 2
i.e.
1 e 2t 1 (t) = 2 0 e 2t
(10ay Hy2 ay ) ax = 6.5az (10 Hy2 ) (az) = 6.5a z Hy2 = 16.5(A|m)
Thus,
H2 = 16.5a y A|m
[28]

43. (c) Using JFET equation,
x 2F C1 b 2F y
a C2
V 15 = 40 1 GS V
p
3F C
Vp = 5V
VGs = 0.612 5 VGs = 8.06 V, 1.94 Volts. Since |VGs| should not be greater than |VP| and hence, VGs = 1.94 Volt.
C3 m
1 +
44. (d) q = q0(1 i= et/RC) = 5(1 et/8)

dq 5 t / 8 = e dt 8
Power in 4 resistor
25 P = i2R = 4 e t / 4 64
25 t / 4 e 16

45. (c) The network reduction at first step is shown below:

x a
E D A M
= Pdt =
0
25 t/ 4 e dt 16 0
y x
Y S A E
Here C1 = C2 = C3 =
44 = 1.6F; 4+4+2 42 = 0.8F; 4+4+2 42 = 0.8F 4+4+2 Subsequent reductions are shown below:
2F || C1 = 3.6 F 3F C b C2 2F || C3 = 2.8 F
25 t / 4 100 e = = Joules 16 16 0
3.6 2.8 3.6 + 2.8

= 1.575F
0.8F
3C 3+C
As given equivalent capacitance across x-y is to be 5F ; so 5 = 1.575 + 0.8 +

3C = 2.625 3+C 3C 3+C
2F
1F || 3F = 4F
3F C
4F
1F | |1F = 2F
2F
3C = 3 2.625 + 2.625 C C=
3 2.625 0.375
Converting star into equivalent delta with terminals a-b-m within the main circuit
C = 21F

[29]
47. (a) It is 1 byte instruction and having only 1 machine cycle as opcode fetch. 48. (c)
C C C C I0 I1 I2 I3 Y
VGS = 0 350 IDS = 350 IDS IDS

V = IDSS 1 GS VP
2
Let A =D This circuit implements Y = DBC Y= A

BC
Y = ABC = AB C A B = AB + AB = A 49. (c) In case of (c)
50. (c) For DC analysis, all the capacitors will be open circuited and equivalent circuit will be
V DD = 10 V 8 k
50 k
E D A M
Y = A B C , take C = D Y=
) ( A (B C) = A B
BC = A B
Vi
Y S A E
Now, gm =
2 Vp IDSS IDS = 1.568 mA/V
( 350 IDS ) IDS = 2 10 3 1 2 500 IDS = (1 175 IDS)2 IDS = 0.0265 A, 1.23 mA IDS can't be greater than IDSS so IDS = 1.23 mA
For small signal AC analysis we can assume gm to be constant and equal to 1.568 mA/V AC equivalent circuit is, All capacitors will be shorted and DC sources will be replaced by their internal resistances
i VG VD = Vo
io
gmVGS
RD
RL
RG
Y= A
100
Vo Vi VGS VG
100
Av =
gm (RD || RL ) Vo = Vi 1.1568
=
= = = = = VG = Vi =
gmVGS (RD || RL) ...(i) VG VG VS = VG gm VGS 100 (1 + 100 gm)VGS (1 + 100 1.568 103)VGS 1.1568 VGS 1.1568 VGS ...(ii)
250
1.568 10 3 2.67 103 1.1568 A v = 3.62

[30]

51. (c) AI =
io Vo R = G 3 i Vi 4 10
so AM(t) = Ac (1 + cos mt) cos ct max [AM(t)] = Ac(1 + ) = 150 Ac =

150 = 90 (volt) 2 1+ 3
V RG AI = o Vi 4 103
A I = 3.62 A I = 45.25
50 103 4 10
3
So
52. (a) Normal to x2 + y2 + z = 16 at ( 1, 1, 2) is : 1 = (x2 + y2 + z)
= 2xi + 2yj + k 1 ( 1, 1, 2) = 2i + 2j + k
Normal to x2 + 2y + z2 = 9 at ( 1, 1, 2) is :
55. (c)
2 = 2xi + 2j + 2zk 2 ( 1, 12) = 2i + 2j + 4k

So
1 + 2 = 2i + 2j + k 2i + 2j + 4k = 4i + 4j + 5k
53. (a) The required angle is the angle between the normals to the surfaces at point (1, 1, 2). Let be the angle. (1) (1) = |1| |2| cos 12 =
9 24 cos
cos =
54. (a) The modulation index can be computed by = =

A max A min A max + A min
E D A M
12 2 = = 3526 3 24 6
150 30 2 = 150 + 30 3
Y S A E
2 AM(t) = 90 1+ cos mt cos ct 3
AM(t) = 90 cos ct + 60 cos mt cos ct
2 AM(t) = 90 1+ cos mt cos ct + A 3
cos ct AM(t) = 90 cos ct + 60 cos mt cos ct + A cos ct

60 AM(t) = (90 + A) 1 + cos m t (90 + A) cos ct 60 90 + A A = 15 = 15 180.
Given = 08 =
56. (b) (a2 + b2 + c2) p2 (ab + bc + cd) p + (b2 + c2 + d2) 0 (a2 p2 2abp + b2) + (b2 p2 2bcp + c2) + (c2 p2 2cd + d2) 0 (ap b)2 + (bp c)2 + (cp d)2 0 Now, sum of three perfect squares can never be negative. Only possibility remains their sum will be equal to zero, which will be when each of them is independently equal to zero. i.e. (ap b)2 = (bp c)2 = (cp d)2 = 0 ap = b, bp = c and cp = d
b c d = = =p a b c hence a, b, c, d are in G.P.

[31]
58. ( c) ) Pensive means moodily or dreamily thoughtful. 59. (c) To gesticulate (v.) means to use gestures or make motions; express through motion, especially while speaking. 60. (b) The correct answer choice is (b). Diaphanous is the opposite of opaque. Distraught is the opposite of calm. 61. (b)
57. (a) Parsimony means thrift or stinginess, therefore generosity is the opposite.
62. (d) 2!2! 4!4! 6!6! 8!8! 10!10! 2!2! does not contain any five so it does not give any zero. 4!4! will also not give any zero. 6! contains only one five. So 6!6! ends with 6! zeroes. 8! also contains single five. So 8!8! ends with 8! zeroes. 10! contains double five so 10!10! ends with 2 10! zeroes. As all numbers are multiplied so given expression ends with 6! + 8! + 2 10! zeroes.
1 = 4x 3f(x + 2) + 4f x + 2
put x = 2 in (1),
...(1)
1 3 f(4) + 4f = 4 2
63. (a) Number of ascending order arrangements (a < b < c) will be equal to 6c3 because every selection of three number from six numbers will give one and only one ascending order arrangement. while total sample space will have 6 6 6 = 216 possibilities. Required probability =
6
1 = 4 4x + 8 = 1 also let x+2
x = 7/4 put x = 7/4 in (1)
1 7 3f + 4 f(4) = 4 ...(3) 4 4
let f(4) = a and f(1/4) = b in equation (2) and (3) (2) becomes 3a + 4b = 8 ...(4) 3 (3) becomes 3b + 4a = 7 ... (5) 4 multiply (4) by 3 and (5) by 4 and subtract 9a 16a = 52, 7a = 52, a = 52/7 Hence f(4) =
52 7
E D A M
4
...(2)
Y S A E
favourable chances total chances
c3 = = 216
=
6 5 4 6 216
20 5 = 216 54
64. (c) Refer to the table given in question. As we need to maximize number of people more than thirty five years of age. In salary range (0 - 5 Lakhs) 1 male and 4 female can be above 35 years of age. Only one male having age 38 its mentioned in this salary bracket. Also in (0 - 5 L) salary 1 female have to be of 34 years, as minimum age mentioned is 34 and in order to maximize number of people we have to consider remaining 4 females out of five to
[32]

Annual salary Less than 5 Lakhs 5 - 10 Lakhs 10 - 15 Lakhs More than 15 Lakhs Total
Male Female Total 1 0 7 0 8 4 7 3 1 15 5 7 10 1 23
be more than 35 years of age. Following table can be reconstructed to maximize people above 35 yeas of age.
Maximum number of people above 35 years of age = 23. Required % = = 76.67%.

23 100 = 76.66% 30
!!!!
E D A M
Y S A E

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Sl. Sl. No .: 150112

GATE - 2012 (TEST SERIES - 6)

= 1.76 + 6.02 n = 1.76 + 6.02 16 = 98.08 dB

(1+ )2 (1+ bi)2 = (1 )2 (1 bi)2

(1 b2) + 2bi (1 b2) 2bi

Let x0 = 0.6 First approximation x1 = =

x1 = 0.6664 Second approximation :

f(x) = 3x cos x 1 f(x) = 3 + sin x

0.6sin(0.6) + cos(0.6) + 1 3 + sin(0.6)

8. (a) x(t) = et u(t) X(s) =

0.6664sin(0.6664) + cos(0.6664) + 1 x2 = 3 + sin(0.6664)

y(t) = e2t cos t u(t) Y(s) =

FULL SYLLABUS TEST - I

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(s + 2) Y(s) (s + 2)2 + 1 H(s) = = 1 X(s) (s + 1 )

mA/V 10. (c)

12. (d) A zero exists at f = f1.

ICQ 0.25 10 = 0.0259 VT

When I1 = 0 V1 = 2I2 and V2 = (1 + 2 + 2)I2 = 5I2 h12 =

y(t) = (t) Y(s) = 1.

21. (a) Skin depth =

Because = = 1, = 1.55 104 + j 1.55 104 = 2.20 104 45 (m1)

22. (d) Number of modes supported by Ms =

GATE - 2012 (TEST SERIES - 6)

= cos (2p + 1)x also, cos2( x) = cos2x f(x) = ecos

cos2 (2p + 1)x

cos2 x cos2(2p + 1 )x f( x)= e

x[n] h[n] = {1, 4, 8, 11, 11, 7, 2}

27. (b) Now cos [(2p + 1) ( x)] = cos [(2p + 1) (2 + 1)x]

29. (c) H(X) =

1 1 log2 = 4b/element 16 i=1 16

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33. (d) Deactivating all the energy sources.

0 111 3 0 098 + j0 0196 0 5

Converting into Y circuit.

GATE - 2012 (TEST SERIES - 6)

Vs 10 Av 100 = 1 Sweep error = = 30 300 Vcc

1 1 = Tmin 0.69 53 105

fmax = 2.734 kHz

So total 7-NAND gates required.

FULL SYLLABUS TEST - I

Corporate Office (Delhi) Ph: 011-45124612, 9958995830

2 6 = 4 V 2 +1 VOC < VZ So it is not in breakdown region so it is open circuited. Therefore

39. (a) The characteristics equation of the system can be approximated as 1+

s3 + 8s2 + (9 K)s + K = 0 The Rouths array is given below

GH = 90 60 30 = 180 The angle criterion is satisfied, hence point P1 = 1 + j 3 is located on root-locus.

So the state transition matrix is given by (t) = eAt = 0(t)I + 1(t) A

(10ay Hy2 ay ) ax = 6.5az (10 Hy2 ) (az) = 6.5a z Hy2 = 16.5(A|m)

GATE - 2012 (TEST SERIES - 6)

43. (c) Using JFET equation,

44. (d) q = q0(1 i= et/RC) = 5(1 et/8)

45. (c) The network reduction at first step is shown below:

3.6 2.8 3.6 + 2.8

As given equivalent capacitance across x-y is to be 5F ; so 5 = 1.575 + 0.8 +

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VGS = 0 350 IDS = 350 IDS IDS

Let A =D This circuit implements Y = DBC Y= A