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Software Confidential
Contact Analysis and Its Parameter Settings Pei Gu
MSC.Software Confidential
Contact Analysis and Its Parameter Settings
Mentat: contact/contact bodies; Patran: LBCs/contact
Contact Definition
A group of elements or geometric entities may contact. Types of contact bodies: Deformable: a group of elements Rigid: a group of geometric entities
Analytical contact definition to smooth contact surface Rigid contact bodies are specified by displacement or force applied to them
Contact bodies: groups of elements or geometric entities Rigid bodiesgeometric entities or heat transfer elements
This rigid body is controlled by position in y direction, x and z are without motion
Analytical Contact: deformable
Manually or automatically define the discontinuous nodes or edges
Rigid Body BC and Load: (a) Prescribe translational and rotation velocity and position; (b) Prescribe force through extra nodes
Symmetry rigid bodies Provide easy way to apply symmetry boundary conditions contact/contact bodies in Mentat
In rigid body definition in Patran: LBCs/contact
Contact Detection
uA n
Distance tolerance and Bias factor node in contact D
default contact distance tolerance can be founded in out file node not in contact
D (1-B) D(1+B)
node penetrated Contacte d surface
Default
node not penetrated Contacted Bias factor body
Contact Tables Use of the Contact Table is to describe the specific interaction between contact pairs (i.e. contact checking is defined by contact interfaces). If no contact table is specified, each contact body is assumed to be able to touch the other including self-contact. An additional benefit can be in reducing the solution cost by specifying only those bodies that can contact. Contact tables must be turned on for the loadcase or loadstep during which it is active 4 1 3 2
Contact Tables
contact/contact tables
analysis/loadstep creation/solution parameters
Contact Checking
7 6
body 1
3
body 2
wrong body numbering
5 4
Check Body 2: u4 = u4(u1, u3) Skipped, since node 3 has already u5 = u5(u1, u3) u6 = u6(u3, u2) been used as a tied node. u7 = u7(u3, u2)
Double-sided contact:
Double-sided and single-sided are turned on in:

analysis/job parameters/contact parameters
jobs/mechanic al/control control/advanc ed contact control
Using contact table to define contact checking order: First->second; Second->first; Double-sided; Default; Automatic.
Glue Option In Contact Table: Complex body can be split up into part which can be meshed easy: (1)Define each part as a contact body; (2)Invoke the glue option in contact table to make a physical body.
Interference Fit
A positive value is interference closure. A negative value is a gap . Alternatively, include the interference into the geometry and let Marc automatically return the surfaces.
gap
overlap
Important: requires the distance tolerance to be larger than the interference.
Contact Areas and Exclude Segments
in contact definition in both Mentat and Patran
Exclude edges (faces) that are on contact bodies that do not enter contact. Save contact checking. Define nodes that are on contact bodies that potentially enter contact. Save contact checking.
Friction Model
friction models : Coulomb friction Stick-slip model Bilinear analysis/job parameters/contact parameters/friction parameters
jobs/mechanical/ contact control
Conventional Coulomb Friction Model
A reasonable choice for constant C (relative sliding threshold) is 1 to 10 percent of the actual sliding velocity.
C very small causes large friction and numerical convergence. C very large may cause less friction than physically expected.
All friction models in Marc can be based on either nodal force or nodal stress
Ft 1
C=1
vr
C = 0.1 -1
C = 10
Stick-Slip Coulomb Friction Model Ft 2
Fn
Fn
ut
ut= incremental tangential displacement = friction coefficient multiplier = slip to stick transition region = small number ( 0)
Stick: Slip:
f t f n f t > f n
Bilinear Coulomb Friction Model

This model is the newest, and is recommended.
Displacement slip threshold: Friction force tolerance is for convergence. Do not change, in general.
Separation Control
Setting the separation force:
Can be done in the contact table. OR jobs/mechanical/contact control/advanced contact control (Mentat); analysis/job parameters/contact parameters/separation (Patran)
The default critical separation force/stress is given by: 10% of the maximum reaction force. 10% of the maximum contact body normal stress.
Additional Separation Parameters for Separation analysis/job parameters/contact Chattering:

parameters/separation
Suppressed: A node which comes into contact may not separate again in the same increment. In general, Not Recommended. By default, chattering is allowed.
Increment:
Next: A node which should separate can be forced not to separate in the current increment but at the beginning of the next increment. In general, Not Recommended. By default, it separates in the current increment.
Marc Input Deck Three portions: (1) Parameters section: before the end card -job controls (1) Model definition section: before the end option card -nodes, elements, contact definition, BCs and loads definition, tables, materials (1) History section: after the end option card -loadsteps (loading controls)
Contact Definition in Marc Input Deck
Contact Table
Contact works with nearly 100% elements in Marc, i.e. quad, hex, tet, shell, beam Contact works with every material models in Marc, i.e. elastic, isotropic, anisotropic, orthotropic, plasticity, creep, elastomer, fracture mechanics Contact works with coupled thermalmechanical analysis. Contact works with remesh (auto-remesh). Post-processing is the same as models without contact. Where to find contact topics: Marc Documentations: Vol A: Theory Manual (Chapter 8 for Contact) Vol B: Element Library Vol C: Input Deck, including contact related cards in input deck
Rigid body
Rigid body
Few Tips for Running Marc Contact Jobs (1) Set contact parameters as default at the initial try, except in the case that you know the physical problem. For example, set distance tolerance, bias factor, separation force, etc., as default. (2) If many contact bodies in a model, try to run the model with fewer contact bodies as the initial try. This gives insight. (3) In general, increasing the separation force stabilize the structure and makes the contact to be easier to converge. (4) Glue option stabilizes the structure and makes contact easier to converge. But, whether it can be used depends on the physical condition (5) Use contact table to define contact pairs. If you know the two bodies do not touch, do not define them contact in the contact table. (6) Use the card print,5 in the input deck to debug contact.
Modeling Contact
channel billet
Geometrical entities (circular arc and straight lines)
Rigid body for channel No stress distribution
MSC Marc element 10 (full integration axisymmetric)
Modeling Contact (continued)

MSC Marc element 40 (full integration axisymmetric thermal)
Channel is defined as the contact body of Rigid with Transfer
Channel is defined as deformable contact body

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MSC.

Contact Analysis and Its Parameter Settings Pei Gu

Contact Analysis and Its Parameter Settings

Mentat: contact/contact bodies; Patran: LBCs/contact

Analytical Contact: deformable

Manually or automatically define the discontinuous nodes or edges

In rigid body definition in Patran: LBCs/contact

Distance tolerance and Bias factor node in contact D

node not penetrated Contacted Bias factor body

analysis/loadstep creation/solution parameters

wrong body numbering

Double-sided and single-sided are turned on in:

jobs/mechanic al/control control/advanc ed contact control

Important: requires the distance tolerance to be larger than the interference.

Contact Areas and Exclude Segments

in contact definition in both Mentat and Patran

jobs/mechanical/ contact control

Conventional Coulomb Friction Model

Stick-Slip Coulomb Friction Model Ft 2

Bilinear Coulomb Friction Model

Additional Separation Parameters for Separation analysis/job parameters/contact Chattering:

Contact Definition in Marc Input Deck

Geometrical entities (circular arc and straight lines)

Rigid body for channel No stress distribution

MSC Marc element 10 (full integration axisymmetric)

Modeling Contact (continued)

Channel is defined as the contact body of Rigid with Transfer

MSC Marc element 10 (full integration axisymmetric)

MSC Marc element 10 (full integration axisymmetric)

Channel is defined as deformable contact body

MSC Marc element 10 (full integration axisymmetric)

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