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[ASSIGNMENT]
[QUESTION 1]
Area of the wall = 5 x 8 = 40 m2 To maintain the area of the representative length with the same ratio of the representative height to the actual height: The representative length = (0.12/5) * 8 = 0.192 m The representative area =0.12 x 0.192 = 0.02304 m2
Section A B C D E F
K (W/m K) 2 8 20 15 32 2
1/ Req
Req 0.217014
7.3728 5.4144
= 108.7297 W
= 108.7297 x
= 188.76 KW (Answer)
Q=
= 108.7279 W
The temperature at the point where the sections B, D and E meet = 261.657 C (Answer)
= 108.7279 W
[QUESTION 2]
Q=
(Answer)
b) What is the heat gain per unit length if a 10 mm thick layer of calcium silicate insulation (Kins = 0.050 W/m.K) is applied to the tube
Q= (Answer)
[QUESTION 3]
The software developed: o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o H: the length of the tube r1 : radius of the cylinder h: heat transfer coefficient Tb: temperature at the surface of the cylinder T : ambient air temperature N: Number of fins (the variable in the software) r2 : outer radius of the fins thickness: thickness of each fin rc : corrected radius = r2 + (t/2) Area no fin: =2 x x r1 x H x rc 2 - r1 2
Area fin = =2*PI()*((I3^2)-(B3^2)) = 2 x Area fins = number of fins X area of each fin Area unfin = 2 x x r1 x (H-Nt)
Qno fin = h Ab(Tb - T ) Qun fin = h A unfinned (Tb - T ) Q finned = h A finned (Tb - T ) Qtotal = Q finned +Q unfinned Increase in Q = Qtotal - Qno fin
a) If the fins are equally spaced, what is the increase in heat transfer due to the use of fins?
First calculate the hate transfer without any fins Qno fin = h Ab(Tb - T ) = 50 ( x 0.05 x 0.15) (500 300) = 235.6 W
Second calculate the heat transfer with the fins included (5 FINS), which is divided to Q finned and Q unfinned Q total fin = Q finned +Q unfinned Q total fin = h A unfinned (Tb - T ) + h A finned (Tb - T ) Q total fin = 715.969 Watt (from the table attached below, using excel) Increase in heat transfer after the use of fins = 715.969 235.6 = 480.34 Watt (Answer)
b) It is well known that increasing the number of fins will increase the rate of heat transfer up to certain limit. What is this limit (maximum number of fins can be attached) under the above conditions? Detailed answer is required with a copy of the software or program generated for this purpose?
According to the software used through excel to generate the values for areas and heat transfers, it is found that beyond 25fins the Area unfin shows negative values which indicates that there is no physical space for the fins to be attached. Hence the Q unfinned yields negative values which implies falsely that heat transfer will take place from the ambient to the cylinder. (Answer)
(Answer)
[QUESTION 4]
Th = 50 C Tc =- 5 C Tref = = 295 K
Re =
Pr = 0.73025
Nu = 0.3+
(1+(
Nu = 82.77
Nu =
= 82.77
h = 20.97 W/m2. C
tot =
(Answer)
D = 0.10+0.02= 0.12 m
Ksteel = 60 W/m.k
Re =
Pr = 0.73025
Nu = 0.3+
(1+(
Nu =
= 57.10
h=12.05 W/m2. C
tot =
(0.026) ) = 1.269
(Answer)
[QUESTION 5]
y y y
Air Properties @ 843 K: o o o o o o = 0.410 kg/m cp = 1108 j/kg.k = 92 x106 m2 /s k = 59 W/m.K Pr = 0.714 = 382 x 107 N.s/m2
y y
y y
of 14 C
= 292 C = 565 K
Air properties @ 565 K o = 0.620 kg/m o cp = 1049 j/kg.k o = 47 x106 m2 /s o k = 44.2 W/m.K o Pr = 0.6832 o = 292 x 107 N.s/m2
For combined external and internal forced convection, the following equation is used:
= exp (
y y
y y
y y
P is calculated D= 0.5
y y
Calculate ho and hi
Procedures for internal flow calculations on excel: y Re = Re will yield a value higher than 2300
y y
The assumed value for Ts= 570 C < Tm= 580 570 C Since it is a cooling process n = 0.3
y y
Re =
Nu = 0.3+
Calculate ho=
[PART A]
Tso =
U=
[PART B]
y y Change the length in Tmo Return all values of v to 5