PENTAGON 2.

666
, ,

.

The magazin

NedoPC i
s not PC

ALONE C
ODER

Neo
GS

...

, ,
...

:

1 MIPS . ,

...
,
,
.

2011

FAT

16/32

USA

RadioShack.


, ...

WWW

NEDOPC.COM

NedoPC#6

CHRV (chunin@mail.ru)

(info@silirium.ru)

USA
Shaos (shaos@mail.ru)
NeoGS
Alone Coder (dmitry.alonecoder@gmail.com)
FAT . .
Savelij (asavelij13@yandex.ru)
PENTAGON 2.666 / 2.666le: ,
, .
KOE (KingOfEvil@yandex.ru)
ZX Evolution ?
CHRV (chunin@mail.ru)

13
15
22

26

NedoPC (www.nedopc.com) 2011.

6 : nedopc@mail.ru .
Windows
OpenOffice.Org Paint.Net.
Breeze CorelDraw.
(A5) (pdf).
:
E-Mail: journal@nedopc.org,nedopc@mail.ru : http://journal.nedopc.org

-2-

NedoPC#6

-
.

.
,

NedoPC. ,
,
.


- . ,
.


.

.
ArtField
.

- .
,

ZX-Evolution
ZX
.
,

.

,

.
,
(miniITX)
.


.
.
.

.
,

.
,
,

,
, , .

-3-

.
CHRV

NedoPC#6

:
Email: info@silirium.ru

.
...
,

,
.

486-
- .
- Intel A80486DX2-66
SX911,
,
, , .

,


x86, , .

,
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,
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150 ( 2007- )
.
,
,
.
.

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,

( )

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). ,

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, gopher ,

HTML. , ,
CSS SSI. ,
,
.
,
.
,

-
CMS (Content Management System)
- 2006- .
, ,
-4-

NedoPC#6
- : , -
( , ..
), -
FTP.
- (
PHP/SQL ) (
HTML- - ,
, ).
,
,
, .ru Silicium
() ,

Silirium.ru,
. , 16 2007-
.
,

,

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.
.
,
.
-

,
-
.
,
. -

! ,
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.
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, ,

take down.
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down .
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DSP (

,
.
,
,

-5-

NedoPC#6
.

.

, -

.

( ).
, ,
,
, Intel x86,
- ,
Intel Overdrive, -
. ,

( , Pentium II Overdrive,
DEC PDP-11 ..)

(,

Sun
UltraSparc, DEC/Compaq/HP Alpha, Intel
Itanium ..).

, ,

.
, ,

Ferranti
F100L,
1976-
? ,

( ) 16- (

).

.
,
1984-
Inmos

(,

RAM
FPU),
( 4-

).

DEC
(Digital Equipment Corporation) -
PDP-11, VAX Alpha. ,
, CVAX
CFPA.
, CVAX
,

(on-chip L1 cache).
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(!) MicroVAX
3100,
.

Weitek,
.
,
x86, , ,
Sun Sparc. -
3167 (Abacus) i386
( x87!)

.. Enhanced Math
Coprocessor (EMC) socket.

-6-

NedoPC#6

, ,
. AMD.
, ,

AMZ8002DC

Zilog
Z8000
AMD (

,
!).

Am29300
,
32-
, ALU, FPU,

.
( ,
) 1843.

RISC-

Am29000,

AMD K5.
Intel
.
-x86 (i960 IA-64 (Itanium)) -x86
(4004/4040)
x86-.
,

i487SX,
,
,
i486DX FPU,
i486SX.
Pentium II
Overdrive, Pentium II
Socket 8 Pentium
Pro.

. ,
,
18391
(

VAX-11),

(
). ,
.

, .
,

.
.

.
, - .

.
,
.
,
,

.
, ,
,
,

,
. ,
.
-

. !

-7-

NedoPC#6

USA
: Shaos
Email: shaos@mail.ru


( )
,
.

,
( ) , ,
,
- .

- .
, ,
RadioShack,
+5/-5 (.
bp.jpg),
.
- 8%
(
).

1: ""
.

RadioShack (. http://www.radioshack.com1).


,
(

), ( ),
(),
( ""),
,
-

, , ,
,
,
,
,
, ).
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1 http://www.masterkit.ru -
, ..

2:

, .

(
),
,
( - ..
).
( )

3 .
10 .

30-40 .
-
(
) -
( UPS
FedEx).
( ) (MasterCard, Visa, American

-8-

NedoPC#6
Express), - PayPal,
( Money
Order -
), (
-

).

""
- PayPal (
).

,

,
-

jameco.com,
2
digikey.com mouser.com .
-,

ebay.com.

1-800-xxx-xxxx,

(

).

"Jameco
Electronics"
(.
http://www.jameco.com)

.

-
,

.
-
, ..


.
Jameco.com

,
-

(
, ).
2 http://www.voltmaster.ru, http://www.chipdip.ru
,
.

, .

PDF,
. "clearance"


.

(,
,
)
$17.95,

(
), , ,
, ,
.. ,
!
,
6502 68000.

,
200-300 .

3:
" "
"Digi-Key Corporation" (.
http://www.digikey.com)

.

,
.

- .

-
(
),

.

-9-

NedoPC#6
.
, Jameco,
(
).

,
.
, 2000
!

"Mouser
Electronics"
(.
http://www.mouser.com)

.
DigiKey,
, , .
-
,
(
).
DigiKey -
2000 .

"" -
,
mouser.com
.

4: 30

http://www.ebay.com3,

-
, .
ebay.com ,
3 http://molotok.ru -.

! 2004
(
)

30
( ) 93 . 2007

(1997 )
Toshiba Tecra (Pentium MMX
150MHz, 32MB RAM, 1.5GB HDD, CD-ROM)
49 ( )
14
. FreeDOS
,
LPT

DOS
(
Jameco).


.

Eagle (. http://cadsoftusa.com).
Eagle Windows, Linux
( x86) MacOS X (
,
Apple,
). Eagle

100x80
. ( 249

) ""
, 6
100160 99 (
).

.

Gerber 274-X (

Excellon).

Eagle,
,
( ,
, ..).
,

Eagle (

- 10 -

NedoPC#6
).

PCB,

gEDA - ,

.
. 7
,
: expresspcb.com, pcbexpress.com
batchpcb.com4. ,
.. (
"tooling")
-
,
.
(.
http://expresspcb.com)

-
7 51
( ) 3
96x63 -
,
.
Windows
,
.
http://pcbexpress.com -
(1-2 )
- 100 ,
,
Eagle.
10
2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 50,
75, 100.
(
- 95 2
10 .),
( 121
2 10 .),

( 169 2
10 .)
4 http://www.resonit.ru
, .
express .

( 284).

. ,
pcbpro.com,
,
( 5 )
(
- ),

.
Sunstone
Circuits (. http://sunstone.com),
(
,
..).
- http://batchpcb.com,
, ,
(
).
- (
)
( 12.7 )

( ),
2.5 (
8
),
10 .
(

),
,
-
-,
, .
-
,

(
,
). -
,


(
) .
.

- 11 -

NedoPC#6
.

(
"HAM
radio", - "hams").

(), ,

( SSN -
,
,
),

(
)
.
,

-
: Technician, General Extra (
Advanced Novice,
). ,
.
- 15 .
,

(, ).
Technician
General5.

,
().

-
.
,

,
5 Shaos General,

NedoPC.

.
FCC (

(callsign)

,
(

)

.
Technician

, General

, Extra

(.
http://www.arrl.org/files/file/Regulatory/Band
%20Chart%20Color%20May%202008.pdf).

- .
,
,

( , "Made in USA"

), ,
-

.
.


-
.

,
,

(
).
,
,

.
,

,
...

- 12 -

NedoPC#6

NeoGS
: Alone Coder
Email:
dmitry.alonecoder@gmail.com

.

:

,
,
: . ,
1 MIPS
. 64 Pimp My
Spectrum Ate Bit6
,
,
!
, Z80,
24 MHz.
. ZX .
,
NedoPC -
NeoGS7.

NeoGS

General Sound -
DMA ZX
NeoGS. GS

, NeoGS
,
ZX .
NeoGS
. ZX
. ,
- (

ZX-BUS,

-?)

,
,

. ,
.
, ,
ZX, (NeoGS
).
#0000..#3fff. NeoGS

6 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7KegY8YIzQ4
7 http://www.nedopc.com/gs/ngs.php

ld sp,#db00
ld h,0
dup 6912/2
ld d,(hl)
ld e,(hl)
push de
edup
(86417 ).

, ,
NeoGS, .

ZX, -
, NeoGS
. ,
(192 , 64 -
32 ):
ld sp,0
ld l,#1f
ld bc,#f920
col0
_=#c0
if0 _&7
ld h,_
endif
dup 24
dup 4
pop de
ld (hl),e
inc h
ld (hl),d
inc h
edup
org $-1
add hl,bc
_=_+1
edup
dup 32
pop de
edup
dec l
jp p,col0
(115040 , ).

ZX: Scorpion Pentagon 1024SL v2.2
, PentEvo ,
KAY . ,
.
, NeoGS, ,
- ,

- 13 -

NedoPC#6


ZX. ,
,
!

,
,
,
NMI NeoGS.
NeoGS
.
,

. NeoGS
, ZX
DMA .
NeoGS , ZX
.
- (,
) .
NeoGS

.
, .
.
, NeoGS

- -
.

.
, The Link 8
4x2. The
Link -
. ,
8 (15
), :

( 0), -
( 1).
, ,
24. ,
,
-
! ,
8 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yNL2NCQGN5Q

Pentagon 1024SL v2.2 .

NeoGS
2D 16col Ball
Quest - , . ,

PentEvo
(http://forum.nedopc.com/viewtopic.php?
f=30&t=622) .
.

, 16col
. 4
Pentagon 1024SL v2.2,
NeoGS
.
16col SD-,

NeoGS,

mp3- ,
9.
.
NeoGS ,
,

c2p (ACNews #5610).
,
.
,
- .
,


. ,
,

.
NeoGS, ,
.

9 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nuBTQKdnNow
10 http://alonecoder.nedopc.com/zx/books/ACN56.rar

- 14 -

NedoPC#6

FAT . .
: Savelij
Email: savelij13@yandex.ru

MBR:

446 (#1BE)

16 (#10) 1-

462 (#1CE)

16 (#10) 2-

C FAT32 File 478 (#1DE) 16 (#10) 3-

System Specification (fatgen), 494 (#1EE) 16 (#10) 4-
FAT ( 3
:
-12, 16 32 ), FAT32
.
0
1


FAT ,
4
1


8
4

.
,
, :

#00- ;

#80- .


.
(
). FAT :
.

#01 FAT12;

#06, #0E FAT16;

, , SD

#0B, #0C FAT32.

.
. LBA
, (partition). SD
.
(primary partition) (extended
partition). .
. (
4-),
.
.
,

MBR (Master Boot (secondary partition).

Record- ). MBR .
4- 16-
. , MBR
,
MBR .

,
.
MBR
- 15 -

NedoPC#6
FAT.
FAT File Allocation Table (
).
FAT
:
1)

BPB;
2)
FAT (
, -
).
;
3)
;
4)
.
BPB (BIOS Parameter Block).
BPB (BIOS Parameter Block)
FAT .
,
16- MBR
MBR
.

.
, BPB

FAT BPB

.
,
FAT
(12, 16 32 ).

. ,
, BPB_,
BPB. , BS_,
(
BPB ).
,
.
BPB :

BPB_BytsPerSec

11
(#0B)

BPB_SecPerClus

13
(#0D)

.
2,
0.

: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32,
64 128.
BPB_RsvdSecCnt

14
(#0E)

Reserved
region
(
).
0. FAT12
FAT16 ,

1.

BPB_NumFATs

16
(#10)

FAT12 FAT16
,

32-

. FAT32
,
0. FAT12
FAT16
,
32
BPB_BytsPerSec.

FAT16

512.

BPB_RootEntCnt

17
(#11)

FAT12/16
32

.
FAT32
0.
FAT12/16
,
32
BPB_BytsPerSec.

FAT16

512.

BPB_TotSec16

19
(#13)

16- :

.


. 0,

0,

BPB_TotSec32

0. FAT32
0.
FAT12 FAT16

,
BPB_TotSec32 0,

(
0x10000).

BPB_FATSz16

22
(#16)

FAT12/FAT16

FAT. FAT32
0,

- 16 -

NedoPC#6
FAT

BPB_FATSz32.
BPB_TotSec32

32
(#20)

32- :

.


. 0,
0 BPB_TotSec16
0. FAT32

0.

FAT12/FAT16

,
BPB_TotSec16 0
(
0x10000).

+36
: FAT12/16
FAT32 .

FAT12/16

,
FAT12/16
.
FAT32:

. FSInfo
BPB_FSInfo.
FSInfo:

FSI_Free_Count

488
(#1E8)

#FFFFFFFF,

.
,

.

<=

.

FSI_Nxt_Free

492
(#1EC)

. FAT32

FAT
,

,
FAT

,
,
2.

#FFFFFFFF,

2.

,

<=

.

BPB_FATSz32

36
(#24)

FAT32
FAT12/16. 32-
FAT32

FAT.

BPB_FATSz16

0.

BPB_RootClus

44
(#2C)

FAT32
FAT12/16.

. 2,
.

BPB_FSInfo

48
(#30)

FAT32
FAT12/16.
FSINFO

FAT32. 1.

FSInfo.
FAT32 FAT
, FAT16
128K FAT12
6K.

,

FAT Windows
.
Windows
16

FSI_Free_Count

FSI_Nxt_Free

.

,
.

- 17 -

NedoPC#6
.
(. file , )
:
,
-

...
().
;-).
FAT - ,
32- .
,

. FAT12 FAT16

-
FAT

,
BPB_RootEntCnt.
,
512 32- ,

. FAT12 FAT16


FAT:
FirstRootDirSecNum = BPB_ResvdSecCnt +
(BPB_NumFATs * BPB_FATSz16)

FAT32

,
.
FAT32
BPB_RootClus.

FAT ,
.
.. .
-

ATTR_VOLUME_ID
.

FAT: FAT12/16


,
.
FAT32

, /.


. () .. ( ).

DIR_FstClusLO DIR_FstClusHI ,
( ,

), .

DIR_FstClusLO

DIR_FstClusHI

0, , FAT32.
32-
:

DIR_Name

11

DIR_Attr

11
(#0B)

(
):
7- 0
6- 0
5-ATTR_ARCHIVE
4-ATTR_DIRECTORY
3-ATTR_VOLUME_ID
2-ATTR_SYSTEM
1-ATTR_HIDDEN
0-ATTR_READ_ONLY

DIR_FstClusHI

20
(#14)

( 0
FAT12/16).

DIR_FstClusLO

26
(#1A)

DIR_FileSize

28
(#1C)

32-
.

DIR_Name , 8 , 3

(
8.3 ).

#20.
#20 ()
:

#00
,
;

#05
#E5 -
KANJI;

#E5 ,
/

- 18 -

NedoPC#6
.

/: #22, #2A, #2B, #2C, #2E,
#2F, #3A, #3B, #3C, #3D, #3E, #3F, #5B, #5C,
#5D, #7C.
DIR_Attr

ATTR_READ_ONLY,
ATTR_HIDDEN,
ATTR_SYSTEM

ATTR_VOLUME_ID
1 ,
.
DIR_FstClusHI DIR_FstClusLO

/.
DIR_FileSize
.
.
/
.
255
. 2
Unicode.
#0020
#007F ASCII

#0401,
#0410-#044F #0451.

,
.

.

,

.


.

N () LAST_LONG_ENTRY (0x40) | N

...

1
()
1

,

LDIR_Ord

6
,

LDIR_Name1

10

1-5

LDIR_Attr

11

ATTR_LONG_NAME

LDIR_Type

12

0,

LDIR_Chksum

13

(

).

LDIR_Name2

14

12

6-11

LDIR_FstClusLO

26

0.

.

LDIR_Name3

28

12-13

,
:
, , ,
, .

.
.
FAT
.
,
.
1 (2^0) 128 (2^7).

,

- 19 -

NedoPC#6
.

,
.

.

FAT.
2. 0
1 . 0
BPB_Media 8 ,
1.

. (32-
)
,
.


. ,
FAT EOC
(End Of Clusterchain
)
. EOC
: #0FFF, #FFFF
#0FFFFFFF FAT12, FAT16 FAT32

.
0.

.

:
RootDirSectors = ((BPB_RootEntCnt*32)
+ (BPB_BytsPerSec1)) / BPB_BytsPerSec

FAT32 BPB_RootEntCnt

0,

FAT32
RootDirSectors 0. 32
FAT (
).
:
FirstDataSector = BPB_ResvdSecCnt +
(BPB_NumFATs * FATSz) + RootDirSectors

FATSz -
BPB_FATSz16
(
FAT12/16)

BPB_FATSz32 ( FAT32).

,

BPB. BPB 0, BPB

.
N
( )
:
FirstSectorofCluster = ((N2) *
BPB_SecPerClus) + FirstDataSector

.
FAT.

,

MBR.

:
16-
- .
#00 #80.
- . : #01, #06,
#0E, #0B, #0C -
FAT.

.

.
,

BPB.

(
):

+13 () - .
2 0 7,

(
) .

+14 () -
Reserved region (
).
0. FAT12 FAT16 ,
1.
FAT32 32.

- 20 -

NedoPC#6
+19 () +32 ( ) .

,
.

+21 () -
,
.
: #F0, #F8,
#F9, #FA, #FB, #FC, #FD, #FE #FF.
#F0,
4 .

FAT
MBR. ,
MBR,

. ,
FAT
FAT.
+54
( FAT12 FAT16) +82 ( FAT32)

.
FAT
.

. ,
FAT
,
.


:

FAT12

4084 ,
FAT16 4085 65524,
FAT32 65525 .

FAT ( Windows),

. : SD
512 ,
FAT32,
100% FAT16.

FAT

MBR.

FAT 3
:

MBR ;

.
FAT ,
BPB,

:
(CLS_DSC)
FAT
(SEC_FAT).

FAT16,

(SEC_FAT-((CLS_DSC*2)/512))<16

FAT32,

(SEC_FAT-((CLS_DSC*4)/512))<16
FAT12.
2 (4)
FAT,
.
16 ,

.
,
.
.
:
(Delete), (Move),

/
( ),
(fdisk) (format).

, ,
,
.

- 21 -

NedoPC#6

PENTAGON 2.666 / 2.666le: , ,

.
: KOE
Email: KingOfEvil@yandex.ru

PENTAGON 2.666

2.2.
,
27 2007
.

:
-

, -

.

2.2 -,

ZX-Spectrum Pentagon-128k.



.


Z80
vhdl.
Altera EP2C8Q208 (Cyclone-II,
).

vhdl- Z80
,

181893.
,
Z80 ,
,
,

ARM7
NXP ( Philips).


VGA-,
.

,

,
,
.

,

, -

Z80 ( 5-
-), ( 3.3-
-) ZX-BUS.
,
(.. Z80 )
2-
.

,
2.666, 4- . ,
2.665, ..
,

, 2.666
.
, ,

, (!!!)
(!!!)
(, -, ,
, ,

4-
(
2008 .)
(
,

- 22 -

NedoPC#6

, $200
250 ),

). ,
(1.4, 2.2)
.

. ,


,
.

( Specctra autorouter
Cadence)


.

.

1: .

Pentagon ver.2.666


,

.

,
,
,

.
,


.
, ,

- ,


-.
,
(.1).

,
, ..
-
.

2: Pentagon
ver.2.666


,

( ,
..
- , ,
).

2.666 .2, .3
.



,
PS/2 IDE SD-.

Ethernet, USB,

.

- 23 -

NedoPC#6
. ,

181893. 2010
2011 -


,
.
2011
,
.

(16
,

32
80 , ).
,
YM2149
Turbo Sound,
CMOS-

,
.
( 2011) ,

. ,


(
-)

181893.

3: Pentagon
ver.2.666 (2008 .)
2008
,

(

FPGA)

.

,

Z80 ( , ,
,

1991

).
2009 2.666le.
,
. ,

,
.
.4.

2.666le 2.666,

Z80, -
.

(
)
2008 .

vhdl-, 4: Pentagon

ver.2.666le (2009 .)
C-
- 24 -

NedoPC#6
2.666le:

ZX-Spectrum
- Pentagon

, ZX-BUS

T80 vhdl core ( Zilog Z80)

3.5 (Spectrum-) / 28 ()

2048 (
1024)

EP2C8Q208C8N, . Altera

LPC2368FBD100, . NXP

72

flash-

512

2 x YM2149 (Turbo Sound), vhdl core

PS2 keyboard/mouse

SD-CARD ( ZC), IDE ( Nemo),

UART ( ), USB
( )

SVGA, 5

+5 , 1.5 ( ),
ATX

Micro-AT

- 25 -

NedoPC#6

ZX Evolution ?
: CHRV
Email: chunin@mail.ru

ZX Evolution
.
.
,
Pentagon 2666. ,
, LVD, KOE ,
- .
- ,
.

Pentagon 2666.

LVD.

(,

)
,
.
,
90

.

,

.

,
(Altera EP1K50). ,

( ).
rev.A

DDP
. ,

DDP.

, .
.

Altera.
, - ,


. ,


-
.
,

Pentagon 128
(, ,
).
Revision A.
,

.
.
. LVD

ZX Evolution. DDP.

,
,

.
ZX Evolution ,


AAA.

ZX Evolution.
Revisin B.

ZX Evolution-

- 26 -

NedoPC#6
.
,
NedoPC. , ,
. Savelij
Gluk reset service. DDP
,
SD . LVD
,
.
(
- AAA
, ).
-
.
,
,
.

.
Revision C.
,
miniITX,
,
SD ,
.

,


PAL-,
USB-RS232 .
,
- .

50 ,

(
).
.
,
.
Open source & open hardware.

NedoPC.
,
.
-,

, .
.
,


,
.
,
,
,
.

, .
Scorpion Evgeny7,

TSLabs. ,

.

,

.

opensour, , .
-
opensource ,

.
,
,

,
.
.
,
Speccy .

.
- Computerra

. ZX Evolution

,
Speccy
.
,
, , !

- 27 -

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