Chapter 1 : Introduction to Chemistry Day: ________________ CHEMISTRY IS FUN 1.

Mg + CuSO4 MgSO4 + Cu Date: _______________

________________________________________________________________________ Type of reaction : _________________________________________________________ Observation : ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2. NH4Cl + H2O NH4OH + HCl

________________________________________________________________________ Type of reaction :_________________________________________________________ Observation : ________________________________________________________________________ 3. K2CrO4 + Pb(NO3)2 KNO3 + PbCrO4

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Type of reaction : _________________________________________________________ Observation : ________________________________________________________________________ 4. CuCO3 CuO + CO2

________________________________________________________________________ Type of reaction :_________________________________________________________ Observation : ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

A+ FOR CHEMISTRY

A. Chemistry and Its Importance

      Explain the meaning of chemistry. List some common chemicals used in daily life. State the uses of common chemicals in daily life. List the examples of occupations that require the knowledge of chemistry. List chemical-based industries in Malaysia. Describe the contributions of chemical-based industries towards the development of our country.

1. State the meaning of Chemistry. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2. List down some common chemicals used in daily life and write their uses. Chemicals Uses

3. List examples of occupations that require the knowledge of chemistry.

4. List chemical-based industries in Malaysia.

Day: _______________ B. Scientific Method Skills Evaluated in Chemistry 3

Date: ________________

1. Observation 2. Inference 3. Hypothesis 4. Variables 5. Classifying 6. Interpreting data 7. Prediction 8. Measuring and using number 9. Communicating ( Draw graph / construct table) 10. Defining operationally 11. Time and space 12. Problem statement / Aim 13. List of materials and apparatus 14. Procedure 15. Tabulation of data

1.

Complete the table below. Apparatus Physical quantities Voltage / Potential different Unit Volt (V) Decimal place 2

Voltmeter

2 3 4 5

Thermometer Burette Stopwatch Balance

1 2 1 Depends on the type of balance

Ruler

2.

A student carried out an experiment to determine the end-point for the titration of 25.0 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution with 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid. Phenolphthalein is used as the acid-base indicator. Hydrochloric acid is added until the endpoint of titration is reached. Table 1 shows the three burette readings for the titrations that have been conducted. Titration no. I II III
25

13

Initial burette reading Bacaan awal burette

14

26

15

27

......

......

......

12

25

38

Final burette reading Bacaan akhir burette

13

26

39

14

27

40

......

...... ..

......

Table 1
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(a) Record the burette readings for the three titrations in the spaces provided in Table 1. (b) Construct a table and record the initial burette reading, final burette reading and the volume of acid used for each titration.

3. The table below shows the data obtained by a student to investigate the relationship between the concentration of acid with the pH value of hydrochloric acid. The standard concentration of each solution is 0.1 mol dm-3. The solution is then diluted to give solutions with different concentration. pH value for each solution is determined with a pH meter and the value recorded.

Concentration / mol dm-3 pH value

0.1 1.0

0.01 2.0

0.001 3.0

0.0001 4.0

0.00001 5.0

(a) Based on the information above, complete the table below. Name of variables (i) Manipulated variable:
...

Action to be taken (i) The way to manipulate variable

(ii) Responding variable: . (iii) Constant variable: .. ...

(ii) What to observe in the responding variable .. ... (iii) The way to maintain the constant variable .. ...

(b) State the hypothesis of the experiment. .. ..

4. The diagram below shows the apparatus set-up for the experiment to determine the freezing point of substance X.

The diagram below shows the thermometer readings for the cooling of substance X at certain time intervals.

95

90

90

90

90

85

85

85

85 0 Minute 1st minute

80

80 2nd Minute

80 3rd minute

90

90

80

75

85

85

75

70

80 4th minute 5th minute

70 6th minute

65 7th Minute 7

(a) Record the thermometer readings shown in the diagram above by completing the table below. Time / minute Temperature / 0 C (b) Draw the graph of temperature against time on the graph paper. 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0

Day: _________________ Planning an Experiment.

Date: _______________

5. A student were given four reagent bottles containing nitric acid, HNO3 with different concentrations. Table below shows the different concentrations of the nitric acid used. Bottle 1 2 3 4 Concentration / mol dm-3 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.0001

Using the acid given, plan a laboratory experiment to determine the relationship between the concentration of nitric acid and pH value. Your planning should include the following aspects: (a) Problem statement (b) All the variables (c) Hypothesis (d) List of materials and apparatus (e) Procedure (f) Tabulation of data

Guideline to Answer Chemistry 3. Science Process Skills Observation y y y Variables Guideline to answer Can be detected by sensory organ (eye) State the colour of solid / precipitate / deposit / bubbles State the colour changes (initial & final colour) Conclusion based on observation. State the relationship between manipulated variable & responding variable with direction. State the manipulated variable first.

Inference Hypothesis

a) Manipulated : Thing that was change. b) Responding : Thing that was observe / result of the experiment. c) Constant : Things that were remain unchanged Advisable to construct table Give specific value Read certain apparatus with correct decimal place and unit

Classifying Prediction Measuring and using number Communicating  Draw graph  Construct table

Graph: - Both axes are labeled with unit - Uniform scale (at least 50% of the graph paper) - All points are transferred correctly & best fit curve Construct Table: - Heading / title and unit. - Unit at the heading / title - Transfer all data correctly

Defining operationally Statement of Problem

What You Did, What You Observed! Find clue from the question. ? To investigate / study / differentiate / compare. ( find clue from question) Some materials have been stated in the question.

Aim

List of material and apparatus

Procedure

State the critical steps. Record the observation. Repeat the experiment . Construct table that contain manipulated variable and responding variable. Dont have to write data for responding variable

Tabulation of data

The pessimist sees difficulty in every opportunity but the optimist sees opportunity in every difficulty.

Salwati Binti Othman Guru Cemerlang Kimia.

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