The Grammatic Rules in "Lessons in Arabic Language - Book 3"

‫ﺱ ﺍﻟﱡﻠ ‪‬ﻐ ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺮﹺﺑﻴ‪ ‬ﺔ ‪ -‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻐ ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﺮ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻃ ‪‬ﻘ ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻦ ﹺﺑﻬ‪‬ﺎ
ﺍﻟـﺠﺰﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ – ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟـﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻑ‪ .‬ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬

‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﷲ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺣ‪‬ﻤ ﹺﻦ ﺍﻟﺮ‪ ‬ﺣﻴ‪‬ﻢ‬

‫ﺴ ﹺﻢ ﺍ ِ‬
‫ﹺﺑ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪in nouns‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﺮﺏ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪Modification/change reaching the end of nouns because of the change of the active element (denoting the‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ[ ‪end of the noun changes according to the position of the word in the sentence).‬‬ ‫]ﻣﺎ ﺗﻐﲑ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺟﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺪﺭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺳﺄﻟﺖ ﺍﳌﺪﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺱ ‪ -‬ﳎﺮﻭﺭ‬‫ﺳﻠﻤﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺪﺭ ﹺ‬
‫ﻣﺒﲏ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪non-modification/change reaching the end of nouns because of the change of the active element‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ[ ‪(denoting the end of the) word assumes one eternal/unchangeable form.‬‬ ‫]ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺘﻐﲑ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬
‫‪ -‬ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺀ ﻫﺆﻻ ِﺀ‬

‫‪ -‬ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ‬ ‫ﺳﺄﻟﺖ ﻫﺆﻻ ِﺀ‬
‫‪ -‬ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻤﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺆﻻ ِﺀ‬
‫‪ except the following:‬ﻣﻌﺮﺏ ‪In respect to nouns, all are‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫ﺖ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﺘﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃﻧ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﺘﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻫﻤ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻫﻤ‪‬ﺎ ﻫ‪ ‬ﻢ ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ‬
‫ﻫﻮ ‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻊ‬
‫ﺭﺃﻳﺘﻪ ‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺐ )ﻓﻌﻞ ‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ(‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ ‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﺍﳉﺮ )ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ‪ -‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﻭﻟﺌﻚ )ﻫﺬﺍﻥ ﻫﺎﺗﺎﻥ ‪ -‬ﻣﻌﺮﺑﺎﻥ(‬ ‫ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻼﰐ )ﺍﻟﻠﺬﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﺘﺎﻥ ‪ -‬ﻣﻌﺮﺑﺎﻥ(‬ ‫ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻮﺻﻮﻟﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﻳﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻛﻴﻒ ﻣﱴ‬ ‫ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺃﻣﺲ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺁﻣﲔ ﺃ ‪‬‬
‫ﻑ ﺁ ‪‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺃﺣﺪ ﻋﺸﺮ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺇﱃ ﺗﺴﻌﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺍﺛﻨﺎ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺍﺛﲏ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺍﺛﻨﺘﺎ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺍﺛﻨﱵ ﻋﺸﺮ ‪) -‬ﺍﳉﺰﺀ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﻌﺮﺏ(‬ ‫ﺃﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪i.e. taking their normal form as dictated by Arabic Grammar:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ‪ -‬ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﳉﺮ ـِـ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺐ ـَـ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻊ ـُـ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻮ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺃﺧﺘﺮ ﺷﻮﺩﺭﻱ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﱪﻳﻄﺎﱐ ‪ 1995/12/16‬ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻟـﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟـﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺱ ﺍﻟﱡﻠ ‪‬ﻐ ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺮﹺﺑﻴ‪ ‬ﺔ ‪ -‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻐ ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﺮ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻃ ‪‬ﻘ ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻦ ﹺﺑﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﻟـﺠﺰﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ – ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟـﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻑ‪ .‬ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪i.e. not taking their normal form as dictated by specific rules in Arabic Grammar:‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻷﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺽ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺐ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ‪ -‬ﺧﻠﻖ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻮﺍ ‪‬‬ ‫ﲨﻊ ﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻢ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺧﻠ ‪‬ﻖ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﷲ‬
‫ﺍُ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻷﻧﻪ ﲨﻊ ﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﱂ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻮﺍ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ )ﻭ( ﻟﻠﻌﻄﻒ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻌﻄﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ )ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻮﺍﺕ( ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺽ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﻤﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ‪ -‬ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﳉﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ‪ -‬ﺍﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﱃ ﻓﺮﻋﻮ ﹶﻥ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺍﺫﻫ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ(‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﹰﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ )ﺃﻧ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑـ)ﺇﱃ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻷﻧﻪ ﳑﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻋﻮ ﹶﻥ‬
‫ﺫﻭ ‪ /‬ﺫﺍ ‪ /‬ﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻮ ‪ /‬ﻓﺎ ‪ /‬ﰲ‬ ‫ﲪﻮ ‪ /‬ﲪﺎ ‪ /‬ﲪﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﻮ ‪ /‬ﺃﺧﺎ ‪ /‬ﺃﺧﻲ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺃﺑﻮ ‪ /‬ﺃﺑﺎ ‪ /‬ﺃﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺟﺎ َﺀ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﻷﻧﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺟﺮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫‪‬ﻙ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﺃﻋﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﹰﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ )ﺃﻧﺎ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻷﻧﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺧﱪ ﻣﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺆﺧﺮ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺭ ﹸﺓ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﰊ‬
‫ﲨﻊ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﱂ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺧ ﹶﻞ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﻷﻧﻪ ﲨﻊ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﱂ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﻮ ﹶﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫‪‬ﺳﹶﺄ ﹾﻝ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻷﻧﻪ ﲨﻊ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﱂ‬ ‫ﲔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺧﱪ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﻓ ﹸﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻷﻧﻪ ﲨﻊ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﱂ‬ ‫ﲔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﺜﲎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻏﹶﺎ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻷﻧﻪ ﺍﳌﺜﲎ‬ ‫ﻃﺎﻟﺒﺎﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺐ‬

‫ﹶﻃ ﹶﻠ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻷﻧﻪ ﺍﳌﺜﲎ‬ ‫ﻃﺎﻟ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻦ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺧﱪ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﻓﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻷﻧﻪ ﺍﳌﺜﲎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﲔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﺮﻱ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪The‬‬ ‫ﺇﻋــﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫‪ which are not present/clear, but are‬ﺃﲰــﺎﺀ‬
‫‪in three areas within‬‬ ‫‪therefore‬‬
‫]ﻻ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻵﰐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻘﺪﺭ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺎﺕ[ ‪assumed/hypothetical.‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﻘﺼﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻣﺔ( ‪ where the last letter is an‬ﺍﺳﻢ ‪An‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﱴ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ ‪), i.e.‬ﺃﻟﻒ‬
‫]ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻘﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﻌﺮﺏ ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﰲ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﺑﺄﻟﻒ ﻻﺯﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺃﻛﺘﺐ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ‪ :‬ﻛﺎﻟﻌﺼﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻡ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ‪ :‬ﻛﺎﻟﻔﱴ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ‪.‬ﻭ ﻻ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﺃﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﺃﺑﺪﺍﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺇﳕﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻣﻨﻘﻠﺒﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺰﻳﺪﺓ‪[.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻞ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘ‪‬ﻰ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌ‪‬ﻰ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﹺ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑـ)ﺏ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﻘﻮﺹ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺎﱐ ‪, i.e.‬ﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭ ‪ and the letter before it is‬ﻳﺎﺀ ‪ where the last letter is a‬ﺍﺳﻢ ‪An‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﶈﺎﻣﻲ‬
‫]ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻣﻨﻘﻮﺹ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﻌﺮﺏ ﻣﻨﺘﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﺀ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﺃﻱ ﻻﺯﻣﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺻﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻏﲑ ﻣﺸﺪ‪‬ﺩﺓ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭ‪ .‬ﻓﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﲰـﺎﺀ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻘﻮﺻﺔ ﻻﻧﺘﻬﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﺀ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺸﺪ‪‬ﺩﺓ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭ‪[.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫‪‬ﺳﹶﺄ ﹶﻝ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑـ)ﻋﻦ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺎﻧﹺﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻘﻮﺹ ‪Note the condition of the‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﹶﺫ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬‬
‫ﻧﻜﺮﺓ( ‪ ,‬ﻳﺎﺀ ‪without the‬‬ ‫ﺖ ﻳﺎﺀﻩ –‬
‫‪ ) :‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺬﹶﻓ ‪‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﶈﺬﻭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺽ‬
‫ﻗﺎ ﹴ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﹺﺇﻟﹶﻰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑـ)ﺇﱃ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﶈﺬﻭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﳏﺎ ﹴﻡ‬
‫ﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ﺖ ﻳﺎ ُﺀ ﺍﳌﻨﻘﻮﺹ ﰲ ﺛﻼﺙ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭ‬
‫‪‬ﺗ ﹾﺜ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺃﻥ ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻼﻡ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺎ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ ‪ -‬ﻗﺎﺿﻲ ﻣﻜ ﹶﺔ‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺑﺎ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ ‪ -‬ﺳﺄﻟﺖ ﻗﺎﺿﻴﹰﺎ‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﱃ ﻳﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺘﻜﻠﻢ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻜﻠﻢ ‪ of the last letter is the‬ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺏ ‪ where the‬ﺍﺳﻢ ‪An‬‬ ‫‪.‬ﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭ ‪, and the letter before it is‬ﺿﻤﲑ‪ -‬ﻳﺎﺀ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫‪‬ﺩﻋ‪‬ﺎ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺟﺪ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺟﺮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻱ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺘﺎ ‪‬ﺫ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ )ﻇﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ( ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻊ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺉ‬
‫ﺯﻣﻼ ﹺ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﺮﻓﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻭ ﺍﳋﱪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﷲ‬
‫ﺍُ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺧﱪ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻏﻔﻮ ‪‬ﺭ‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ )ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺃﺧﻮﺍ‪‬ﺎ ‪ -‬ﺗﺮﻓﻊ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻭ ﺗﻨﺼﺐ ﺍﳋﱪ(‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺧﱪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺣﹰﺎ‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺧﱪ ﺇ ﱠﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺗﻮﻛﻴﺪ ﻭ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ )ﺇﻥ ﻭ ﺃﺧﻮﺍ‪‬ﺎ ﺗﻨﺼﺐ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻓﻊ ﺍﳋﱪ(‬ ‫ﺇﻥﱠ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇ ﱠﻥ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﷲ‬
‫ﺍَ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺧﱪ ﺇ ﱠﻥ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻏﻔﻮ ‪‬ﺭ‬
‫‪ (4‬ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫‪‬ﺧ ﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻖ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﷲ‬
‫ﺍُ‬
‫‪ (5‬ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺑﻨﺎﺀﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬ﻖ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎ ﹸﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑـ) ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﲔ‬
‫ﻃﹴ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇ ﱠﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺗﻮﻛﻴﺪ ﻭ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ )ﺇﻥ ﻭ ﺃﺧﻮﺍ‪‬ﺎ ﺗﻨﺼﺐ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻓﻊ ﺍﳋﱪ(‬ ‫ﺇﻥﱠ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇ ﱠﻥ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﷲ‬
‫ﺍَ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺧﱪ ﺇ ﱠﻥ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻏﻔﻮ ‪‬ﺭ‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺧﱪ ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ )ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺃﺧﻮﺍ‪‬ﺎ ﺗﺮﻓﻊ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻭ ﺗﻨﺼﺐ ﺍﳋﱪ(‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺧﱪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﺬﻳﺬﹰﺍ‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫ﹶﻓ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ (4‬ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻓ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺃ ﹺ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ )ﻇﺮﻑ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ( ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻼ‬
‫ﻟﻴ ﹰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺲ‬

‫ﺟﻠ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺪﺭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ )ﻇﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ( ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻨ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑـ) ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﻳ ﹺﺮ‬
‫‪ (5‬ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻷﺟﻠﻪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫ﺝ‬
‫‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺕ‬

‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑـ) ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻷﺟﻠﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﻓﹰﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑـ) ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﳊ ﹺﺮ‬
‫‪ (6‬ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻣﻌﻪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ )ﻭ( ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻴﺔ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺒ ﹶﻞ‬
‫‪ (7‬ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻖ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺮﹸﺃ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺀ ﹰﺓ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺟﻴﺪ ﹰﺓ‬
‫‪ (8‬ﺍﳊﺎﻝ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺟﺪ‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺧﱪ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺮﹸﺃ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﺟﻮﺍﺯﺍ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ )ﻫﻮ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺎﻝ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺑﺔ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻋﺪﹰﺍ‬
‫‪ (9‬ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻀﻴﻞ ﺧﱪ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻵﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺟﺮ ﺑـ) ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ( ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ‬ ‫‪‬ﻙ‬
‫‪ -‬ﲤﻴﻴﺰ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﹰﺎ‬
‫‪ (10‬ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺜﲎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺣﻀ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﻼ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻮﻛﻴﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻱ ﻳﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﳌﺆﻛﺪ )ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ( ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻛ ﹸﻞ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺟﺮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻫ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺴﺘﺜﲎ ﺑـ)ﺇﻻ( ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣﺪﹰﺍ‬
‫‪ (11‬ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺩﻱ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻨﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﺒ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﷲ‬
‫ﺍِ‬
‫ﺍ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁ ﹸﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺧﱪ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﷲ‬
‫ﺍِ‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺍﳌﺴﺒﻮﻕ ﲝﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﰲ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑـ)ﰲ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼ ﹺﻞ‬
‫ﻭ ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ )ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺼ ﹺﻞ( ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺧﱪ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻓﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ‬

‫ﺍﷲ ﻏﻔﻮﺭ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﻥ َ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﷲ ﺃﻛﱪ‬
‫‪-‬ﺍ ُ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ ﻟﺬﻳﺬﹰﺍ‬ ‫ﺧﱪ ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﱪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﷲ ﺃﻛ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﳋﱪ‬
‫ﺱ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻬﻤﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺣﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻛﺎﻥ ُ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻼ ﺟﻠﺲ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺱ ﻋﻨﺪَ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺮ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺳﺎﻓﺮ ﺃﰊ ﻟﻴ ﹰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺇﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻏﻔﻮ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﱪ ﺇﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺎ ﺧﺮﺟﺖ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺧﻮﻓﹰﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻷﺟﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﷲ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺧﻠﻘﻨﺎ ﺍ ُ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺳﺮﺕ ﻭ ﺍﳉﺒ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻣﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻃﲔ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺧ‪‬ﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻳﻘﺮﺃ ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺀ ﹰﺓ ﺟﻴﺪ ﹰﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻖ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺟﺪﻱ ﻳﺼﻠﻲ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﹰﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﻛﱪ ﻣﻨﻚ ﺳﻨﺎ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﻀﺮ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﻛﻠﻬﻢ ﺇﻻ ﺣﺎﻣﺪﹰﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺜﲎ‬ ‫ﷲ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍ ِ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻳﺎ َ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺼ ﹺﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺒﻮﻕ ﲝﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪ of what has just preceded it. Of this there are 4 types:‬ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺏ ‪ which follows completely the‬ﺍﺳﻢ ‪Any‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳌﺮﻓﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻌﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻋﺔ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺪ ؟‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻌﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﻳﻄﻠ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺑﺔ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻌﺖ‪/‬ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺧﱪ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺩﻓﺘ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟ ﹺ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺻﻔﺔ ﳎﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳌﺮﻓﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻛﻴﺪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻮﻛﻴﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻱ ﻳﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﳌﺆﻛﺪ )ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ( ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻛ ﱡﻞ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﻗﺎ ﹶﻝ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﺪﻝ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻮﻛﻴﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻱ ﻳﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﳌﺆﻛﺪ )ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺮ( ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺲ‬
‫ﻧﻔ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺟﺮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫‪‬ﻩ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻛﻴﺪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫ﺳﺄ ﹾﻝ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﻼ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻮﻛﻴﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻱ ﻳﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﳌﺆﻛﺪ )ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ( ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻛﻞﱠ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫ﺳﺄ ﹾﻝ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻮﻛﻴﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻱ ﻳﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﳌﺆﻛﺪ )ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺮ( ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺲ‬
‫ﻧﻔ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻛﻴﺪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫‪‬ﺳﻠﱠ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑـ)ﻋﻠﻰ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﻼ ﹺ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻮﻛﻴﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻱ ﻳﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﳌﺆﻛﺪ )ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ( ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻛﻞﱢ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫‪‬ﺳﻠﱠ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑـ)ﻋﻠﻰ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﻳ ﹺﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻮﻛﻴﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻱ ﻳﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﳌﺆﻛﺪ )ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺮ( ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺲ‬
‫ﻧﻔ ﹺ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺟﺮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫‪‬ﻩ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳌﺮﻓﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻄﻒ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺝ‬
‫ﺧﺮ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻌﻄﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ )ﺣﺎﻣﺪ( ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻳ ‪‬ﻖ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻄﻒ‬
‫ﻃﻠ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣﺪﹰﺍ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻌﻄﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ )ﺣﺎﻣﺪﺍ( ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻳ ‪‬ﻖ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻄﻒ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺆﺧﺮ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﹸﻛ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻌﻄﻮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ )ﺣﺎﻣﺪ( ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻳ ﹺﻖ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳌﺮﻓﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻝ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺢ‬
‫ﳒ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﻮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﺪﻝ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﺷ ‪‬ﻢ ؟‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺃ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺢ‬
‫ﳒ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﺪﻝ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺐ؟‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻝ‬
‫ﺃﻋﺮ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﺪﻝ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﴰﹰﺎ‬
‫ﺃﻋﺮ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﺪﻝ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻝ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺆﺧﺮ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﻓ ﹸﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﻲ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﺪﻝ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﺷ ﹴﻢ ؟‬

‫‪ -‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺆﺧﺮ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﻓ ﹸﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺟﺮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﺪﻝ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺐ؟‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟ ﹺ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪in verbs.‬‬

‫)ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺙ( ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻮﺓ ‪ unless it has‬ﻣﻌﺮﺏ ‪ is‬ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ ‪.‬ﻣﺒﲏ ‪ are both‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ‪ and‬ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ‬
‫ﻦ ‪ i.e.‬ﻣﺒﲏ ‪ then it becomes‬ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻛﻴﺪ ‪and‬‬
‫‪).‬ﺃﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ ‪ (from‬ﻳ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻦ‪/‬ﺗ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻠ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻬ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﺪﻝ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﻳﺪ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃ ﹾﻥ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﺑـ)ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻬ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﻔﻲ ﻭ ﺟﺰﻡ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﳎﺰﻭﻡ ﺑـ)ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺰﻣﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻬ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞ‬

‫ﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﺟﻮﺍﺯﺍ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ )ﻫﻮ(‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﺍﻻﺛﻨﲔ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﹶﻓﻌ‪‬ﻼ‬ ‫ﳘﺎ‬
‫ﻭ ﻭﺍﻭ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌﹸﻠﻮ‪‬ﺍ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﺟﻮﺍﺯﺍ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ )ﻫﻲ(‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌﹶﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺍﻻﺛﻨﲔ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌﹶﻠﺘ‪‬ﺎ‬ ‫ﳘﺎ‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻮﺓ )ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺙ( ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫ﻫ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﺃﻧ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻴﻢ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﻭ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻟﻠﻤﺜﲎ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻠ‪‬ﺘﻤ‪‬ﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺘﻤﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻴﻢ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﺮ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻠ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺘﻢ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﺃﻧ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻭ ﺍﳌﻴﻢ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﻭ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻟﻠﻤﺜﲎ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻠ‪‬ﺘﻤ‪‬ﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺘﻤﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﳌﺆﻧﺚ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻠ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫ﱳ‬
‫ﺃﻧ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻧﺎ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻠﻨ‪‬ﺎ‬ ‫ﳓﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‬
‫ﺖ(‬‫ﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﹰﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ )ﺃﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪‬ﺍ ﹾﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻞ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﺃﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺃﻟﻒ ﺍﻻﺛﻨﲔ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫‪‬ﺍ ﹾﻓﻌ‪‬ﻼ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺘﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻭ ﻭﺍﻭ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ‬ ‫‪‬ﺍ ﹾﻓ ‪‬ﻌﹸﻠﻮ‪‬ﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺘﻢ‬
‫ﻭ ﻳﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﺔ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ‬ ‫‪‬ﺍ ﹾﻓ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬ﻲ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫ﺃﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭ ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻮﺓ )ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺙ( ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪‬ﺍ ﹾﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫ﱳ‬
‫ﺃﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻮﺓ )ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺙ( ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫ﻫ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻭ ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﻮﺓ )ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺙ( ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫ﱳ‬
‫ﺃﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺻﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ ‪For‬‬ ‫‪ there are 3; taking their normal form as dictated by Arabic Grammar:‬ﻓﻌﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ‪ -‬ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﳉﺰﻡ ـْـ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﺐ ـَـ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻓﻊ ـُـ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪i.e. not taking their normal form as dictated by specific rules in Arabic Grammar:‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺛﺒﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗ‪‬ﺮﻳﺪﻭ ﹶﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻭ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﺪﻝ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟ ﹸﻜ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺃ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺛﺒﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗ‪‬ﺮﻳﺪﻭ ﹶﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﺑـ)ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺬﻫﺒﻮﺍ ؟‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﳎﺰﻭﻡ ﺑـ)ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺰﻣﻪ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺬﻫﺒﻮﺍ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻨﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ؟‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﳎﺰﻭﻡ ﺑـ)ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺰﻣﻪ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﺔ )ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ( ﻣﻦ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻉ‬
‫ﻳﺪ ‪‬‬
‫ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻌﺘﻞ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ )ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭﻱ( ﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﺟﻮﺍﺯﺍ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ )ﻫﻮ(‬
‫ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﺮﻱ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪ here is not present/clear, but is therefore assumed/hypothetical.‬ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺏ ‪The‬‬
‫ﺗﻘﺪﺭ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ )ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ( ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﳝﺸﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﺟﻮﺍﺯﺍ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ )ﻫﻮ( ﻭ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺧﱪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﺎﺻﺐ ﻭ ﻧﻔﻲ )ﻳﻨﺼﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ( ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ )ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ ﺍﳌﻔﺘﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ( ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﺑـ)ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻦ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺴﻰ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ )ﺍﳌﻀﻌﻒ( ﳎﺰﻭﻡ ﺑـ)ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺰﻣﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺣﺞ‪‬‬
‫ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪.‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ‪ formats in substitute of the‬ﻣﺎﺽ‪/‬ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ‪ in‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﳎﻬﻮﻝ ‪ following‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ‬

‫ﳎﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﳎﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬
‫ﺐ‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻜ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻜ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﹸﻛ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﹶﻛ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫‪It is being‬‬ ‫‪He is‬‬ ‫‪It was written‬‬ ‫‪He wrote‬‬
‫‪written‬‬ ‫‪writing‬‬
‫ﳎﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ‬

‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﹸﻛ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﳏﻤ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﹶﻛ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺽ‬
‫ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻜ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﳏﻤ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻜ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬
‫ﳎﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ‬

‫ﺕ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺌ ﹾﻞ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺪﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻙ‬ ‫‪‬ﺳﹶﺄ ﹶﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺽ‬
‫ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫)ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ(‬ ‫ﺴﹶﺄ ﹸﻝ‬
‫‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺪﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻙ‬ ‫ﺴﹶﺄ ﹸﻝ‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ‪ is always dropped and the‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ‪, the‬ﳎﻬﻮﻝ ‪In‬‬ ‫‪ with necessary harakah changes.‬ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﻓﺎﻋـﻞ ‪ takes it’s place and becomes‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬
‫‪.‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ ‪ is‬ﺍﻟﻴﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ‪. This is because‬ﹸﻓ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺢ ‪ to‬ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺢ ‪ despite the transformation of‬ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ‪ is‬ﺍﻟﻴﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ‪ -‬ﹸﻓ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺢ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ‪If the‬‬ ‫‪,‬ﻓﺎﻋـﻞ ‪, to it’s equivalent‬ﺿـﻤﲑ ‪, apply same (harakah changes) rules as above, and simply change the‬ﺿﻤﲑ ‪ is a‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺖ ‪i.e.‬‬
‫ﻚ ‪ <-‬ﺳ‪‬ﺌ ﹾﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺳﹶﺄﹶﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﳎﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﳎﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬

‫ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺴﹶﺄ ﹸﻝ‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﻳﺴﺄﻟﻪ ﺍﳌﺪﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ‬ ‫‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺌ ﹶﻞ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺳﺄﻟﻪ ﺍﳌﺪﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﺴﹶﺄ ﹸﻝ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻥ‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﻳﺴﺄﳍﻢ ﺍﳌﺪﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ‬ ‫‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺌ ﹸﻞ ‪‬ﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺳﺄﳍﻢ ﺍﳌﺪﺭ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺄﳍﺎ ﺍﻷﺏ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺖ‬
‫‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺌﹶﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺳﺄﳍﺎ ﺍﻷﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﹶﺄ ﹾﻝ ﹶﻥ‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺄﳍﻦ ﺍﻷﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺌ ﹾﻞ ﹶﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﺄﳍﻦ ﺍﻷﺏ‬
‫‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﻚ ﺍﳌﺪﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻳﺴﺄﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺌ ﹾﻞ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﻚ ﺍﳌﺪﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺳﺄﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﺴﹶﺄ ﹸﻝ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻥ‬
‫‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺳﺄﻟﺘﻢ ﺍﳌﺪﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﰎ‬ ‫‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺌ ﹾﻞ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺳﺄﻟﺘﻢ ﺍﳌﺪﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻱ ﹶﻥ‬
‫ﺴﺄﹶﻝِ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻚ ﺍﻷﺏ‬
‫ﻳﺴﺄﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺌ ﹾﻞ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻚ ﺍﻷﺏ‬
‫ﺳﺄﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﹶﺄ ﹾﻝ ﹶﻥ‬
‫‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺄﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻷﺏ‬ ‫ﺗﻦ‬ ‫‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺌ ﹾﻞ‪‬ﺗﻦ‪‬‬ ‫ﺳﺄﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻷﺏ‬
‫ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺳﹶﺄ ﹸﻝ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﻳﺴﺄﻟﲏ ﺍﳌﺪﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺌ ﹾﻞ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺳﺄﻟﲏ ﺍﳌﺪﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺴﹶﺄ ﹸﻝ‬‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﻳﺴﺄﻟﻨﺎ ﺍﳌﺪﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻧﺎ‬ ‫‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺌ ﹾﻞﻧ‪‬ﺎ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺳﺄﻟﻨﺎ ﺍﳌﺪﺭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺑﻨﺎﺀﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﹸﻛ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ﹾﻜ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺑﻨﺎﺀﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺌ ﹶﻞ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﺖ(‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﹰﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻫﺎ )ﺃﻧ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺴﹶﺄ ﹸﻝ‬
‫‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ(‬
‫ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﹰﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ )ﺃﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ ﻭ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻇﺮﻓﺎ‪ .‬ﻛﻞ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻭ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻛﻞ ﻇﺮﻑ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫ﺻ ﹾﻞ‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ )ﻇﺮﻑ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ( ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻳﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺎ ِﺀ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫ﺲ‬
‫‪‬ﺟ ﹶﻠ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ ﻣﺒﻨﻴﺔ ‪-‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﻇﺮﻑ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻰ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫ﺝ‬
‫‪‬ﺧ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺕ؟‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻇﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺐ؟‬
‫‪‬ﺗ ﹾﺬ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻇﺮﻑ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺲ‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ﹺ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫‪‬ﺷ ﹺﺮ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﻤ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻇﺮﻑ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻂ‬
‫ﹶﻗ ﱡ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺲ‬

‫‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﻇﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫‪‬ﻫﻨ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫ﹺﺟ ﹾﺊ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻇﺮﻑ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻵ ﹶﻥ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺲ‬

‫‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﻇﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺚ‬
‫ﺣﻴ ﹸ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫‪‬ﺷ ﹾﺊ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺘﻬﻤﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﳛﺬﻑ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ ﻓﻴﻨﻮﺏ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺍﲰﺎ ‪ -‬ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ ﳑﺎ ﺩﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺋﺐ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫ﺸ ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻧﺎﺏ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻊ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺳ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺔ‬
‫ﻒ‬
‫ﺭﻏﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻒ‬
‫ﻧﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺃﹶﻛ ﹾﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋ ‪‬ﺔ‬ ‫ﻒ‬
‫ﻧﺼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺍ‪‬ﻧﺘﻈ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭ ﻫﻮ‬
‫ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫ﺲ‬
‫‪‬ﺟ ﹶﻠ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪) -‬ﺃﻱ ﻭﻗﺘﺎ ﻃﻮﻳﻼ( ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﺻﻔﺔ ﻟﻠﻈﺮﻑ ﻧﺎﺏ ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻼ‬
‫ﻃﻮﻳ ﹰ‬
‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫ﹺﺟ ﹾﺊ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﺪﻝ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺳﺒﻮ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﺪﻝ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮ ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫ﻱ‬
‫‪‬ﺭﹶﺃ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺑﺪﻝ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺟ ﹶﻞ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺑﺪﻝ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺟ ﹸﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫ﺚ‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻜ ﹾ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﰲ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑـ)ﰲ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻷﻧﻪ ﺍﺳﻢ )ﳑﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ(‬ ‫ﺑﻐﺪﺍ ‪‬ﺩ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻋﺪﺩ ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌ ﹶﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻳﺎ ﹴﻡ‬
‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪Expresses the place/time the action of the verb is committed.‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ‪/‬ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﻳﺆﺧﺬ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ‪ ،‬ﻟﻠﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‪/‬ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﳊﺪﺙ‪ :‬ﺟﻠﺲ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺱ ﻋﻨ ‪‬ﺪ )ﻇﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‪،‬‬
‫ﻼ )ﻇﺮﻑ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ(‬
‫ﺃﻱ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﳉﻠﻮﺱ( ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺮ ‪ /‬ﺳﺎﻓﺮ ﺃﰊ ﻟﻴ ﹰ‬
‫ﺠﺮﹺﻯ(‬
‫ﺠﺮ‪‬ﻯ ) ‪‬ﺟﺮ‪‬ﻯ‪/‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫‪ (1‬ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺺ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹲﻞ‬
‫ﺐ(‬
‫ﺐ‪/‬ﻳ ﹾﻜ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ) ﹶﻛ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ(‪ ،‬ﻣ ﹾﻜ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ‪/‬ﻳ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ )ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣ ﹾﻠ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﺃﻭ ﻣﻀﻤﻮﻣﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺲ(‬
‫ﺠ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺲ‪/‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺲ ) ‪‬ﺟﹶﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫‪ (1‬ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹲﻞ‬
‫ﻀ ‪‬ﻊ(‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﻊ‪/‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺿ ‪‬ﻊ ) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻒ(‪ ،‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬‬‫ﻒ‪/‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻘ ‪‬‬
‫ﻒ ) ‪‬ﻭﹶﻗ ‪‬‬‫‪ -‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻮﹶﻗ ‪‬‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ‬
‫ﻕ(‬
‫ﺸ ﹺﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻕ‪/‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﻕ ) ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺸ ﹺﺮ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫‪ (3‬ﻗﺪ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﻤﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹲﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ‬
‫ﺏ(‬
‫ﺏَ‪ /‬ﹾﻏ ﹺﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ) ﹶﻏ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻐ ﹺﺮ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺪ(‬
‫ﺴ‪‬‬‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺪ‪/‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺪ ) ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴﹺ‬‫‪ -‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﻞ ‪The plural form is‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﻔﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻋ ﹸ‬ ‫) ‪‬ﻣﺴ‪‬ﺎ ﹺﺟ ‪‬ﺪ(‬
‫ﺤ ﹶﻜ ‪‬ﻤﺔﹲ‪ ،‬ﻣ ﹾﻜ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﺒﺔﹲ‪ ،‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ﹺﺰﹶﻟ ﹲﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺳﺔﹲ‪ ،‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫‪ (4‬ﻗﺪ ﺗﻠﺤﻖ ) ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔﻌ‪‬ﻼ‪ /‬ﻣ ﹾﻔﻌ‪‬ﻼ( ﻫﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺲ‬

‫ﺟﻠ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻓ ‪‬ﺮ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺃ ﹺ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ )ﻇﺮﻑ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ( ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻼ‬
‫ﻟﻴ ﹰ‬
‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻵﻟﺔ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪describes the instrument with which the action of the verb is carried out.‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﻔﹶﺎ‪‬ﺗ‪‬ﻴﺢ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮ‪‬ﺍ ﹺﺯ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺝ ‪‬ﻣﻔﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻴ ﹸﻞ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻴﺰ‪‬ﺍ ﹲﻥ ) ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺯ ﹶﻥ(‬ ‫ﺡ )ﹶﻓ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺢ(‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔﺘ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔﻌ‪‬ﺎ ﹲﻝ‬
‫ﺺ(‬
‫ﺻ ‪‬‬
‫ﺹ ) ‪‬ﻣﻘﹶﺎ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﻜﹶﺎﹺﻧﺲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺒ‪‬ﺎ ﹺﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﹶﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺝ ‪‬ﻣﻔﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻋ ﹸﻞ‬ ‫ﺡ(‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣ ﹲﺔ )ﺭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺲ(‬
‫ﺴ ﹲﺔ ) ﹶﻛ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻜ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶﻠ ﹲﺔ‬
‫ﺺ(‬
‫ﺻ ‪‬‬
‫ﺹ ) ‪‬ﻣﻘﹶﺎ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣﻜﹶﺎﹺﻧﺲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺒ‪‬ﺎ ﹺﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﹶﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺝ ‪‬ﻣﻔﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻋ ﹸﻞ‬ ‫ﺺ(‬
‫ﺺ )ﹶﻗ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻘ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺩ )‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺩ(‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ﹲﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺐ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪formed by adding‬‬ ‫ﻱ‬

‫‪ to a noun. Denotes that a person/thing governed is related/connected with the‬‬
‫ﻱ ‪ ending, this must be dropped before adding‬ﺓ ‪original noun. If a noun has‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬
‫ﻱ ‪‬ﻣ ﱠﻜ ﹲﺔ ‪ -‬ﻣ ﱢﻜ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨ ﹲﺔ ‪ -‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺪﹺﻧ ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫ﺏ ‪ -‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮﹺﺑ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻡ ‪ -‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻲ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺩ ‪ -‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫‪ before ending.‬ﻭ ‪, this is changed to‬ﻯ‪/‬ﺍ ‪If a noun ends in‬‬ ‫ﻱ‬
‫ﺥ – ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ﹺﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻱ‬
‫ﺏ ‪ -‬ﹶﺃ‪‬ﺑ ﹺﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻱ‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌﻨ‪‬ﻰ ‪ -‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻨ ﹺﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻱ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ‪‬ﻧﻴ‪‬ﺎ ‪ -‬ﺩ‪‬ﻧ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻱ‬
‫‪‬ﻧﹺﺒ ‪‬ﻲ ‪ -‬ﻧ‪‬ﺒ ﹺﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺧﻮﺍﺕ )ﻟﻴﺲ( ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻻﲰﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﺮﻓﻊ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻭ ﺗﻨﺼﺐ ﺍﳋﱪ ﻭ ﺗﺴﻤﻰ )ﻣﺎ ﺍﳊﺠﺎﺯﻳﺔ(‬ ‫ﻣﺎ ﺍﳊﺠﺎﺯﻳﺔ ‪-‬‬
‫{ ﻭ ﻗﺪ ﻳﻘﺘﺮﻥ ﺧﱪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪﺓ }ﻭ ﻣﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻐﺎﻓ ﹴﻞ ﻋﻤﺎ ﺗﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ{‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺮﹰﺍ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫}‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺧﱪ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺠﺎﺯﻳﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳊﺠﺎﺯﻳﺔ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‪) ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﺧﻮﺍﺕ )ﻟﻴﺲ( ﻳﺮﻓﻊ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻭ ﻳﻨﺼﺐ ﺍﳋﱪ(‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺧﱪ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺮﹰﺍ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺍﳊﺠﺎﺯﻳﺔ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‪) ،‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﺧﻮﺍﺕ )ﻟﻴﺲ( ﻳﺮﻓﻊ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻭ ﻳﻨﺼﺐ ﺍﳋﱪ(‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﷲ‬
‫ﺍُ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﹺ‬
‫ﺏ( ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺧﱪ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑـ) ﹺ‬ ‫ﻏﺎﻓ ﹴﻞ‬
‫‪ ) -‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻦ( ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ؛ )ﻣ‪‬ﺎ( ﺍﳌﻮﺻﻮﻟﺔ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺟﺮ ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ‬ ‫‪‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺻﻠﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ‬
‫‪:‬ﻭ ‪ of the pair is always preceded by‬ﺇﻣﺎ ‪ - either/or. Four conditions of usage. Note, the second‬ﺇﻣﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﺇﻣﺎ ﻣﺮﻳﺾ ﻭ ﺇﻣﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺆﻟﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ )ﹺﺇ ﹾﻥ( ﻭ )ﻣﺎ( ﻣﺪﻏﻤﺔ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﹺﺇ ﹾﻥ ‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺷﺮﻁ ﺟﺎﺯﻡ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ ‪ -‬ﺯﺍﺋﺪﺓ ﻻ ﻋﻤﻞ ﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻣ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺧﱪ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺾ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻳ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺧﱪ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ؛ ﲨﻠﺔ )ﻭ ﺇﻣﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮ( ﻣﻌﻄﻮﻑ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺇﻣﺎ ﻣﻌﺮﺏ ﻭ ﺇﻣﺎ ﻣﺒﲏ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﻢ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺧﱪ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﺏ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺧﱪ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ؛ ﲨﻠﺔ )ﻭ ﺇﻣﺎ ﻣﺒﲏ( ﻣﻌﻄﻮﻑ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﲏ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﻣﺎ ﺍﻹﺑﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﺇﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺇﻣﺎ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻳﺔ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻢ‬
‫ﺖ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ؛ ﲨﻠﺔ )ﻭ ﺇﻣﺎ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻳﺔ( ﻣﻌﻄﻮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻳﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻴﲑﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻣﺎ ﺗﺰﻭﺭﱐ ﻭ ﺇﻣﺎ ﺃﺯﻭﺭﻙ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﻭ ‪‬ﺭ‬
‫ﺖ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫‪‬ﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻱ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﺯﻭ ‪‬ﺭ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ؛ ﲨﻠﺔ )ﻭ ﺇﻣﺎ ﺃﺯﻭﺭﻙ( ﻣﻌﻄﻮﻑ‬ ‫‪‬ﻙ‬
‫ﺱ ﺍﻟﺮﺟ ﹸﻞ – ‪ - definition indicating a precise noun‬ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬

‫ﺏ ﺍﳌﺪﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﻧﺖ ﳏﻤ ‪‬ﺪ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌ ﹸﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎ ‪‬‬
‫‪) -‬ﻣﺒﲏ( ‪ -‬ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﻧﺖ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺒﺖ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻜﺘﺒﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ‬
‫‪) -‬ﻣﺒﲏ( ‪ -‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺗﻠﻚ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫‪) -‬ﻣﺒﲏ( ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻟﻼﰐ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻮﺻﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺮﺓ ﺍﳌﻘﺼﻮﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺪﺍﺀ ‪) -‬ﻣﺒﲏ( ‪ -‬ﻳﺎ ﺭﺟ ﹸﻞ ﻳﺎ ﺷﻴ ‪‬ﺦ‬
‫ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺮﺓ ﻏﲑ ﺍﳌﻘﺼﻮﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺪﺍﺀ ﻓﻨﻜﺮﺓ ﻛﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﻰ ‪ -‬ﻳﺎ ﺭﺟﻼﹰ؛ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺘﻐﲑ ﺣﺎﳍﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺪﺍﺀ ‪ -‬ﻳﺎ ﺧﺎﻟ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫‪) -‬ﻣﻌﺮﺏ( ‪ -‬ﺃﲪ ‪‬ﺪ ﻣﻜ ﹸﺔ ﺍﳍﻨ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬
‫‪) -‬ﻣﻌﺮﺏ( ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﺍﻟﺮﺟ ﹸﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﶈﻠﻰ ﺑـ)ﺍﻝ(‬
‫ﺏ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺧﺮﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺱ‬
‫ﺏ ﺣﺎﻣ ‪‬ﺪ ﻛﺘﺎ ‪‬‬
‫‪) -‬ﻣﻌﺮﺏ( ‪ -‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﻛﺘﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﱃ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺖ ﻣﺪﺭ ﹴ‬
‫ﺐ ﺑﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﻃﺎﻟ ﹴ‬
‫ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﱃ ﻧﻜﺮﺓ ﻓﻨﻜﺮﺓ – ﻛﺘﺎ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﺭﺟ ﹲﻞ ‪ - in-definition indicates an indefinite noun -‬ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺮﺓ‬

‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌ ﹲﺔ ﻛﺘﺎ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﺬﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﷲ‬

‫ﺏﺍ ِ‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻛﺘﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻛﺘﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﲢﺬﻑ ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺜﲎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻳﻦ ﹺﺑ‪‬ﻨﺘ‪‬ﺎ ﺣﺎﻣ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺘﺎﻥ؟‬
‫ﲢﺬﻑ ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺜﲎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ﹺﺑ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻲ ﺣﺎﻣ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ﺑﻨﺘﲔ‬
‫ﲢﺬﻑ ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﱂ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺀ ﻣﺪﺭﺳﻮ ﺍﻟﻔﻘ ‪‬ﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﻮ ﹶﻥ‬
‫ﲢﺬﻑ ﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﱂ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﲝﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺪﺭﺳﻲ ﺍﻟﻔﻘ ‪‬ﻪ‬ ‫ﲔ‬
‫ﺃﲝﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺭﺃ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﺜﲎ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﺜﲎ‬ ‫ﹺﺑ ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣ ‪‬ﺪ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﺟﻮﺍﺯﺍ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ ) ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﻮ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﻷﻧﻪ ﲨﻊ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﱂ ﻭ ﺣﺬﻓﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﻟﻺﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺪﺭ‪ ‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻘ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﻱ( = ﹺﺭ ‪‬ﺟﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻲ [‬

‫ﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﹶﻠ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﻦ ) ﹺﺭ ‪‬ﺟﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻲ ‪ +‬‬
‫] ﻏﺴﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﲰﺎﻥ ﻟﻔﻈﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﻨﺎﳘﺎ ﻣﺜﲎ ‪ -‬ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﺟﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺪ ﻛﻠﺘﺎﳘﺎ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﹲﺓ ‪ - both (of), the two -‬ﻛﻼ‪/‬ﻛﻠﺘﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻠﺤﻖ ﺑﺎﳌﺜﲎ ﻭ ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﰲ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺸ ‪‬ﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻳﻦ ﺃﺧﻮﺍﻙ؟‬
‫ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬
‫ﳘﺎ ‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺟﺮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺘﺎﻥ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪﺗﺎﻥ؟ ﻛﻠﺘﺎﳘﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺮﺓ‬
‫ﻧﻌﻢ‪ .‬ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ﻛﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻠﺤﻖ ﺑﺎﳌﺜﲎ‬ ‫ﺃ ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ﺍﳌﺪﺭ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﻴﻦﹺ؟‬
‫ﳘﺎ ‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺟﺮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻔﻈﺖ ﻛﻠﺘﻴﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻱ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺭﺗﲔ ﺣﻔﻈﺖ؟‬
‫ﺃ‪‬‬
‫‪ only‬ﻣﺜﲎ ‪ - That is. Used for‬ﺫﺍﻧﻚ‪/‬ﺗﺎﻧﻚ‬

‫ﺖ ﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻫﺎ ﺃﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﳘﺎ ﺫﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺫﺍ‪/‬ﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﺼﺐ‪/‬ﻟﻠﺠﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺮﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺮﺩ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ ﺫﻱ‬
‫ﻫﺎ ﺃﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﳘﺎ ﺗﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍﻥ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻛﺘﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻫﺎ ﺃﻧﺘﻤﺎ ﺫﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﻫﻢ ﺃﻭﻻﺀ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﺗﲔ ﺳﻴﺎﺭﺗﲔ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﺗﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﺎﺭﺗﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺳﻴﺎﺭ ﹲﺓ‬
‫ﻫﺎ ﺃﻧﺘﻤﺎ ﺗﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﻫ ‪‬ﻦ ﺃﻭﻻﺀ‬ ‫ﺫﻳﻨﻚ ﻗﻠﻤﲔ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﻧﻚ ﻗﻠﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ ﻗﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫! ‪there he is‬‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺫﺍ ‪-‬‬ ‫! ‪here I am‬‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺫﺍ ‪ <-‬ﻫﺄﻧﺬﺍ ‪-‬‬ ‫ﺗﻴﻨﻚ ﻣﺪﺭﺳﺘﲔ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ ﻣﺪﺭﺳ ﹲﺔ ﺗﺎﻧﻚ ﻣﺪﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬
‫‪.‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻭ ﺧﱪ ‪ - constituted by‬ﺍﺳﻢ ‪ - starts with an‬ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻻﲰﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻔﻴ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺇﻥﱠ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻴ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺧﱪ ﺇ ﱠﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇ ﱠﻥ‬ ‫ﺧﱪ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ‬
‫ﺃﻧﺎ ﳎﺘﻬ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﻣﺪﺭﺳ ﹲﺔ‬ ‫ﷲ ﻏﻔﻮ ‪‬ﺭ‬
‫‪-‬ﺍ ُ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﺻﺮﻳﺢ‬
‫‪ } -‬ﻭ ﺃ ﹾﻥ ﺗﺼﻮﻣﻮﺍ ﺧﲑ ﻟﻜﻢ { >‪ } -‬ﺃ ﹾﻥ ﺗﺼﻮﻣﻮﺍ { ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ )ﺻﻴﺎﻣﻜﻢ(‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻣﺆﻭﻝ‬
‫ﷲ ﻏﻔﻮ ‪‬ﺭ ﺭﺣﻴﻢ { ‪ -‬ﺍﻷﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﳌﺸﺒﻬﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻫﻲ )ﺇ ﱠﻥ( ﻭ ﺃﺧﻮﺍ‪‬ﺎ(‬
‫‪ }-‬ﺇ ﱠﻥ ﺍ َ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻑ ﻣﺸﺒﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬
‫‪.‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‪/‬ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ‪ - constituted by‬ﻓﻌﻞ ‪ - starts with a‬ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺫﻛﻴﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻟ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫ﺻ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺢ‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻟ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﹶﺫ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬‬
‫ﺧﱪ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﺃﺻﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
‫ﺃﺻﺒﺢ‬
‫ﺲ‬
‫ﺖ ﺍﻟﺸﻤ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﹶﻃﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻌ ِ‪‬‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﺗﺎﻡ )ﺳﻠﻴﻢ‪/‬ﺻﺤﻴﺢ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳉ ‪‬ﻮ ﺑﺎﺭﺩﹰﺍ )ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﻫﻲ )ﻛﺎﻥ( ﻭ ﺃﺧﻮﺍ‪‬ﺎ(‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﻧﺎﻗﺺ )ﻏﲑ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ(‬
‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺼﻮﻍ ﻟﻠﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ‪ - derived noun indicating action of verb or it’s behaviour -‬ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬
‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺐ ‪ -‬ﻳ ﹾﻜ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺐ ]‪ – [(he is) writing‬ﻣﻦ ﹶﻛ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﻲ ﳎﺮﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻓﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻋ ﹲﻞ ‪ -‬ﻛﹶﺎ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫‪ - derived noun indicating element undergoing action of verb -‬ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬

‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺼﻮﻍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﺒﲏ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻭﻗﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬
‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺐ ‪ -‬ﻳ ﹾﻜ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ‪ [written] -‬ﻣﻦ ﹸﻛ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﻲ ﳎﺮﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺯﻥ ‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻔ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻮ ﹲﻝ ‪ -‬ﻣ ﹾﻜ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻭ ﺍﳋﱪ ‪) -‬ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻋﺎﻥ( ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻧﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﳋﱪ ﻫﻮ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﺘﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻴ ﹲﻞ‬
‫ﻓﻔﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﻧﺮﻳﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻔﻆ )ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮ( ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻧﺮﻳﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ ﺇﻧﻪ ﲨﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻔﻆ )ﲨﻴﻞ( ﺧﱪ‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ‬
‫ﺏ‬
‫ﳓﻦ ﻃﻼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻉ‬
‫ﺱ ﻫﻨﺎ ﳑﻨﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﳉﻠﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀ ﹸﺓ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﹲﺓ‬ ‫ﷲ ﺭﺑﻨﺎ‬
‫‪-‬ﺍ ُ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺻﺮﻳﺢ‬
‫} ﺃ ﹾﻥ ﺗﻌﻔﻮ ﺃﻗﺮﺏ ﻟﻠﺘﻘﻮﻯ {‬ ‫‪ } -‬ﺃ ﹾﻥ ﺗﺼﻮﻣﻮﺍ ﺧﲑ ﻟﻜﻢ {‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﻣﺆﻭﻝ‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻭ ﺗﻨﻜﲑﻩ ‪ -‬ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻵﺗﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﺍﷲِ‪ ،‬ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ‪ ‬ﺍﳉﻨ ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺒﺘـﺪﺃ‬

‫ﷲ ﻣﺸﺮﻙ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻛﺘﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﳏﻤ ‪‬ﺪ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ‪ ،‬ﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﺪﺭﺱ‪ ،‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺴﺠﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻌﺒﺪ ﻏ ‪‬ﲑ ﺍ ِ‬
‫ﻧﻜﺮﺓ ﺑﺸﺮﻭﻁ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﺃ( ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳋﱪ ﺷﺒﻪ ﲨﻠﺔ )ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ ﻭ ﺍﳉﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺍ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ( ﻭ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ‬
‫‪) -‬ﺳﻴﺎﺭ ﹲﺓ( ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ )ﻋﻨ ‪‬ﺪ( ﺧﱪ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ ﺳﻴﺎﺭ ﹲﺓ‬
‫ﺥ( ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻭ ﺍﳉﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺍ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ )ﱄ( ﺧﱪ‬ ‫‪) -‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺥ‬
‫‪-‬ﱄﺃ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ( ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ )ﻭ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﻧﻜﺮﺍﺕ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ )ﻣﺎ( ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻭ ﺍﳉﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺍ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ )ﺑﻚ( ﺧﱪ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﺎ ﺑﻚ ؟‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ )ﻣﻦ( ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻭ )ﻣﺮﻳﺾ( ﺧﱪ‬ ‫ﺾ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﻳ ‪‬‬
‫‪-‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ )ﻛﻢ( ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻭ )ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ( ﺧﱪ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻢ ﻃﺎﻟﺒﹰﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻔﺼ ﹺﻞ‬
‫ﺖ؟‬
‫ﺱ ﺃﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺱ‪ .‬ﻭ ﳚﻮﺯ ﻋﻜﺴﻪ ‪ -‬ﺃ ﻣﺪﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫‪ (3‬ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻭ ﺍﳋﱪ ‪ -‬ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳋﱪ‪ :‬ﺃﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ ﻣﺪﺭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺎ ﺑﻚ ؟ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﻳﺾ ؟‬ ‫ﻭ ﳚﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺎ ﺍﲰﻚ ؟ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺣﺎﻟﻚ ؟‬ ‫ﻭ ﳚﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﳋﱪ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ‬
‫‪ (4‬ﺣﺬﻑ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ – ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳋﱪ ﻋﻠﻤﹰﺎ ﻓﻴﺠﻮﺯ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ‪ .‬ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﻟﻠﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻋﻦ ﺍﲰﻚ‪ :‬ﺣﺎﻣﺪ‪ .‬ﺃﻱ‪ :‬ﺍﲰﻲ ﺣﺎﻣﺪ‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﳋﱪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻦ ﻣ‪‬ﺮﺁ ﹸﺓ ﺍﳌﺆﻣ ﹺﻦ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﺮﺩ )ﺃﻱ ﻟﻴﺲ ﲨﻠﺔ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺮ ﻣﺎ ﺍﲰﻪ ؟ ‪ -‬ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻻﲰﻴﺔ )ﻣﺎ ﺍﲰﻪ( ﺧﱪ ﻭ ﻫﻲ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺧﱪ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﺔ )ﺧﻠﻘﻜﻢ( ﺧﱪ ﻭ ﻫﻲ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻭ ﺍﷲ ﺧﻠﻘﻜﻢ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳉﻨﺔ ﲢﺖ ﺃﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﻬﺎﺕ ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ )ﲢﺖ( ﺧﱪ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺧﱪ ﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳉﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺍ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ )ﷲ( ﺧﱪ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻳﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﳋﱪ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﰲ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺘﺪﺃ‬
‫ﺱ ﻭﺍﻗﻒ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﺟﺎﻟﺴﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﺑﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ ﻣﻐﻠﻘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻧﺎﻓﺬﺗﺎﻩ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺣﺘﺎﻥ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﳌﺪﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻹﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺜﻨﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺍﳉﻤﻊ‬
‫ﺱ ﻭ ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻪ ﻃﺒﻴﺒﺔ ﻭ ﺍﺑﻨﺎﳘﺎ ﺗﺎﺟﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻨﺘﺎﳘﺎ ﻣﺪﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﻣﻬﻨﺪ ‪‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺬﻛﲑ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻧﻴﺚ‬
‫ﺃﺣـــﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟـﻤـﺒـﺘــﺪﺃ‬
‫ﺳﺒﺐ ﺗﻘﺪﱘ‪/‬ﺗﺄﺧﲑ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ‬
‫ﻫﻮ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﷲ ﻏﻔﻮ ‪‬ﺭ‬
‫ﺍُ‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺟﺎﺋﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺐ ﻛﹶﻼﻣ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﻋﺠﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﻟﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻧﻜﺮﺓ ﻭ ﺍﳋﱪ ﺷﺒﻪ ﲨﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‪‬ﻙ ﺳﻴﺎﺭ ﹲﺓ‬
‫ﻟﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻧﻜﺮﺓ ﻭ ﺍﳋﱪ ﺷﺒﻪ ﲨﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻚ؟‬
‫ﷲﺷ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﰲﺍ ِ‬
‫ﻟﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺐ؟‬
‫ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﻏﺎﺋ ‪‬‬
‫ﻟﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳋﱪ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺖ؟‬
‫ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺃﻧ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻫﻮ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫*ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺃ ﹾﻥ ﺗﺼﻮﻣﻮﺍ ﺧﲑ ﻟﻜﻢ‬

‫)* ﻷﻥ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﺻﻴﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ(‬
‫ﺃﺣـــﻮﺍﻝ ﺍﻟـﺨـﺒـﺮ‬
‫ﻧﻮﻋﻪ‪-‬ﻣﻔﺮﺩ‪/‬ﲨﻠﺔ ﺷﺒﻪ ﲨﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﱪ‬
‫ﻣﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺴ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺷﺒﻪ ﲨﻠﺔ )ﻇﺮﻑ(‬ ‫ﺱ ﻋﻨ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﳌﺪﻳ ﹺﺮ‬
‫ﺷﺒﻪ ﲨﻠﺔ )ﺍﳉﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺍ‪‬ﺮﻭﺭ(‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺏ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻠﻌ ﹺ‬
‫ﲨﻠﺔ ﺍﲰﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻴ ﹸﺔ ﳏﻠﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﲨﻠﺔ ﻓﻌﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺐ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﻣﻔﻴﺪﺓ ‪ in a‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ‪If you have 2‬‬ ‫‪ changes:‬ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺏ ‪. If positions change then the‬ﺧﱪ ‪ and the 2nd is a‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ‪, then the 1st is a‬ﲨﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺧﱪ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ‬
‫ﺐ‬
‫ﻃﺒﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﻮ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﻲ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﻲ‬
‫ﺧﱪ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺧﱪ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﺧﱪ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ‬
‫ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫ﺫﻫ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﺟﻮﺍﺯﺍ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ )ﻫﻮ(؛ ﻭ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ ﺧﱪ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻣ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﻮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺧﱪ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻫﺲ؛ ﻭ ﲨﻠﺔ )ﺃﺧﻮﻩ ﻃﺒﻴﺐ( ﺧﱪ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﻃﺒﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ‬
‫ﻇﺮﻑ ‪ - if, whether, when, whenever.‬ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺽ ‪embodying a condition. Used mostly with‬‬ ‫‪, transforming in meaning to the future.‬ﻓﻌﻞ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ ﺍﳉﻨ ‪‬ﺔ‬
‫ﺖ ﺃﺑﻮﺍ ‪‬‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬‬
‫ﹸﻓ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﺟﺎ َﺀ ﺭﻣﻀﺎ ﹸﻥ‬
‫ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ‬
‫ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ‪Also used with‬‬ ‫‪.‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ‪) to be‬ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ( ‪. It is permissible for the answer to the condition‬ﻓﻌﻞ‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﳚﺘﻬﺪﻭ ﹶﻥ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻳﻨﺠ ‪‬ﺢ ﺍﻟﻄﻼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺠ ‪‬ﺢ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﲡﺘﻬ ‪‬ﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﻭ ﹺ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ‬
‫‪) in the following situations:‬ﻓﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺀ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺑﻴﺔ( ‪ must be prefixed by‬ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ‬
‫‪} -‬ﻭ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﺄﻟﻚ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻱ ﻋﲏ ﻓﺈﱐ ﻗﺮﻳﺐ{‬ ‫‪ (1‬ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ ﲨﻠﺔ ﺍﲰﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺖ ﺣﺎﻣﺪﹰﺍ ﻓﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺳﹶﺄﻟﹾﻪ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﻋ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﻔ ﹺﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺭﺃﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ ﻓﻌﻼ ﻃﻠﺒﻴﺎ؛ ﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺐ‬
‫ﺾ ﻧﺎﺋﻤﹰﺎ ﻓﻼ ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺆ‪‬ﻗ ﹾﻈ ‪‬ﻪ‬
‫ﺕ ﺍﳌﺮﻳ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﺟﺪ ‪‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﻻ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻫﻴﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺣﺎﻣﺪ ﻓﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﺃﻗﻮﻝ ﻟﻪ ؟‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ‬
‫‪)) -‬ﻣﻦ ﻏﺸ‪‬ﻨﺎ ﻓﻠﻴﺲ ﻣﻨ‪‬ﺎ((‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﺪﹰﺍ)‪(defective‬‬ ‫‪ (3‬ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻌﻼ‬
‫‪} -‬ﻭ ﻣﻦ ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻄ ْﹺﻊ ﺍﷲ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ ﻓ ﹶﻘ ‪‬ﺪ ﻓﺎ ‪‬ﺯ ﻓﻮﺯﹰﺍ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﹰﺎ{‬ ‫‪ (4‬ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﺘﺮﻥ ﺑـ) ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺪ(‬
‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻑ ﻓﻤﺎ ﺃﻛ ‪‬ﺬ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﺗﻜ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫‪ (5‬ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﺘﺮﻥ ﺑـ)ﻣ‪‬ﺎ( ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ{‬
‫‪} -‬ﻣﻦ ﻟﺒﺲ ﺍﳊﺮﻳﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻓﻠ ‪‬ﻦ ﻳ ﹾﻠ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬ ‫‪ (6‬ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﺘﺮﻥ ﺑـ)ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻦ(‬
‫ﺴﹸﺄ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻔ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺇ ﹾﻥ ﺗ‪‬ﺴﺎﻓ ‪‬ﺮ ﻓ ‪‬‬ ‫‪ (7‬ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﺘﺮﻥ ﺑـ)ﺳﲔ(‬
‫ﻑ ﻳ‪‬ﻐﻨﻴﻜﻢ ﺍﷲ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻀﻠﻪ ﺇ ﹾﻥ ﺷﺎﺀ{‬
‫‪} -‬ﺇ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﺧ ﹾﻔ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻴﹶﻠ ﹰﺔ ﻓﺴﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻑ(‬
‫‪ (8‬ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﺘﺮﻥ ﺑـ) ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬‬
‫‪} -‬ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺘﻞ ﻧﻔﺴﺎ ﺑﻐﲑ ﻧﻔﺲ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻓﺴﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻓﻜﺄﳕﺎ ﻗﺘﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﲨﻴﻌﺎ{‬ ‫‪ (9‬ﺃﻥ ﻳﻘﺘﺮﻥ ﺑـ) ﹶﻛﹶﺄﻧ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺎ(‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ ‪The‬‬ ‫‪.‬ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺟﺰﻡ ‪ for it will be‬ﺇﻋﺮﺍﺏ ‪. However, the‬ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺀ ‪ if preceded by‬ﳎﺰﻭﻡ ‪ will not be‬ﺟﻮﺍﺏ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺷﺮﻁ ﻏﲑ ﺟﺎﺯﻡ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ‬ ‫ﺟﺎ َﺀ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺭﻣﻀﺎ ﹸﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻬﻮﻝ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺑﻨﺎﺀﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺢ‬
‫ﹸﻓ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺗﺄﻧﻴﺚ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺃﺑﻮﺍ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻨ ‪‬ﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ )ﻓﺘﺤﺖ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﳉﻨﺔ( ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﳍﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺷﺮﻁ ﻏﲑ ﺟﺎﺯﻡ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ‬ ‫ﲡﺘﻬ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫ﺖ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﰲ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑـ)ﰲ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﻭ ﹺ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺢ‬
‫ﺗﻨﺠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ )ﺗﻨﺠﺢ( ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﳍﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬
‫ﺖ(‬
‫ﻛﻢ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻣﻴﺔ ‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ( ﲟﻌﲎ )ﺃﻱ ﻋﺪﺩ ؟( – ﲢﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺏ )ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ‪ -‬؟(‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﻡ ﻟﻠﻔﻌﻞ )ﻗﺮﺃ(‬ ‫ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫‪ -‬ﲤﻴﻴﺰ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﹰﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫ﻗﺮﹾﺃ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﳚﻮﺯ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺟﺮ‪‬ﺕ )ﻛﻢ( ﲝﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﹺ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺟﺮ ﺑـ) ﹺ‬
‫ﺏ( ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫‪ -‬ﲤﻴﻴﺰ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺭﻳﺎ ﹰﻻ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫ﻱ‬
‫ﺍﺷﺘﺮ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻛﻢ ﺍﳋﱪﻳﺔ ‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻣﻔﺮﺩ‪/‬ﲨﻊ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ( ﳜﱪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ ‪ -‬ﻻ ﲢﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳉﻮﺍﺏ )ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﺮ ‪(! -‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪﻡ ﻟﻠﻔﻌﻞ )ﻗﺮﺃ( ﻭ ﻫﻲ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎ ﹴ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫ﻗﺮﹾﺃ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻢ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑـ) ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎ ﹴ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻇﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻨ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺟﺮ ﺑـ) ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪ( ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭ ﲨﻠﺔ )ﻋﻨﺪﻙ( ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺧﱪ‬ ‫‪‬ﻙ‬
‫ﺏ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻠ ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫ﻫ‪‬ﺎ ُﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻫ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺅ ‪‬ﻡ ‪ -‬ﲨﻊ ﻣﺬﻛﺮ‬ ‫ﻫ‪‬ﺎ َﺀ ‪ -‬ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﻣﺬﻛﺮ‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﻴﻪ – ﺍﺳﻢ ﻓﻌﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ ) ‪‬ﺧ ﹾﺬ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ ﻳﺎ ﺇﺧﻮ ﹸﺓ‬
‫ﻫ‪‬ﺎﺋ‪‬ﻰ ‪ -‬ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﻣﺆﻧﺚ ﻫ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺅ ﹾﻥ ‪ -‬ﲨﻊ ﻣﺆﻧﺚ ﻫ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺅ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﲟﻌﲎ ) ‪‬ﺧ ﹾﺬ(‬ ‫ﻫ‪‬ﺎ َﺀ‬
‫ﺖ(‬‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﹰﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ )ﺃﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻳ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻨﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‪‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﳚﺰﻡ ﻓﻌﻼ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻋﺎ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺍ‪ ،‬ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ‪ -‬ﹶﻟﻢ‪ ،‬ﹶﻟﻤ‪‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻻﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻫﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﺴﻤﻰ ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﳉﺎﺯﻣﺔ‬
‫ﻞ ;‪not‬‬
‫ﻳﺄﻛ ﹾ‬ ‫‪ - he did not eat; he has not eaten‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﻔﻲ ﻭ ﺟﺰﻡ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﳎﺰﻭﻡ ﺑـ)ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺰﻣﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﲡﺘﻬ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫ﺖ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﻭﺍﻗﻌﺔ ﰲ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﳎﺰﻭﻡ ﺑـ)ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺰﻣﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺢ‬
‫ﺗﻨﺠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ(‬
‫ﺪﻣ‪‬ﺎ – ‪when, at the time when, as‬‬

‫‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﻔﻲ ﻭ ﺟﺰﻡ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﹶﻟﻤ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﳎﺰﻭﻡ ﺑـ)ﹶﻟﻤ‪‬ﺎ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺰﻣﻪ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﺔ )ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ( ﻣﻦ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻌﺘﻞ‬ ‫ﺾ‬
‫ﻳﻘ ﹺ‬
‫ﺍﻵﺧﺮ‬
‫ﺖ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻩ‬
‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺲ ﻛﻞ ﻃﺎﻟ ﹴ‬ ‫)‪‬ﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺧ ﹾﻞ( ﻫﺬﻩ ﻻﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‪ .‬ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻭ ﲡﺰﻣﻪ ﻭ ﺗﻔﻴﺪ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‪ .‬ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺘﻜﻠﻢ ‪‬ﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺲ ﻫﻨﺎ‪ .‬ﻻﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭﺓ ﻭ ﺗﺴﻜﱠﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﱠﰒ‬
‫ﺠ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﰲ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ ‪‬ﻟ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻻﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ‬ ‫ﹺﻝ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﳎﺰﻭﻡ ﺑـ)ﻻﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺰﻣﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺲ‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﺟﻮﺍﺯﺍ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ )ﻫﻮ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﰲ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻇﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑـ)ﰲ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎ ‪‬ﻥ‬
‫ﺐ( ﻫﺬﻩ ﻻ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻫﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ ﻭ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﻭ ﲡﺰﻣﻪ ‪ -‬ﻳﺎ ﺃﲪﺪ ﻻ ﺗﻜﺘﺐ‪‬؛ ﻻ ﳜﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺝ ﺃﺣﺪ‪‬ﻛﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬ ‫)ﻻ ‪‬ﺗ ﹾﻜ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫ﻞ !‪no! don’t‬‬
‫ﺗﺄﻛ ﹾ‬ ‫!‪ - don’t eat‬ﻻ‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ‪‬ﻲ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﳎﺰﻭﻡ ﺑـ)ﻻ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻫﻴﺔ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺰﻣﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺴ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫ﺖ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻗﻠ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﻗﻊ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺟﻮﺍﺑﺎ ﻟﻠﻄﻠﺐ ﺟﺰﻡ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺐ ‪ -‬ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻭ ﻻ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻫﻴﺔ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺱ‬

‫ﺃﺩﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ(‬
‫ﺱ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺰﻣﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﳎﺰﻭﻡ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻠﺐ )ﺃﹸﺩﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺢ‬
‫ﺗﻨﺠ ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ‪‬ﻲ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻻ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﳎﺰﻭﻡ ﺑـ)ﻻ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻫﻴﺔ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺰﻣﻪ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺴ ﹾﻞ‬
‫ﺖ(‬
‫‪until, till, up to, as far as, to‬‬ ‫ﺣﱴ ﺍﳉﺎﺭﺓ ‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﲟﱰﻟﺔ ﺇﱃ‪) ،‬ﺇﱃ ﺃﻥﹾ‪ ،‬ﺇﱃ( ‪-‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺧﱪ ﻣﻘﺪﻡ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺳﻼ ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻣﺆﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﻫ ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﲟﻌﲎ )ﺇﱃ( ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﱴ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑـ)ﺣﱴ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻠ ﹺﻊ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺠ ﹺﺮ‬
‫‪so that, in order that, that, in order to, to, as, with a view, for‬‬ ‫ﺣﱴ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻠﻴﺔ ‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻳﻔﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﺼﺐ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺑﺄ ﹾﻥ ﻣﻀﻤﺮﺓ ‪-‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺃﺩﺭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺣﱴ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﺑـ)ﺃ ﹾﻥ( ﻭﺟﻮﺑﹰﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ )ﺣﱴ( ﺍﻟﱵ ﲟﻌﲎ )ﻛﻲ( ﺃﻭ )ﺇﱃ ﺃ ﹾﻥ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺢ‬
‫ﺃﳒ ‪‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬
‫‪ - calling to one who is mourned or to a cause of pain‬ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻔﺠﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﳏﺬﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ‬
‫‪ - one who is mourned, stricken to death.‬ﺍﳌﺘﻔﺠﻊ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻤﺪ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻩ‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫)‪(...‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﹾﺍ‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺢ‬
‫‪ - to distress, afflict, pain, agonise, torment, make suffer‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‬ ‫)ﺃﻧﺪﺏ(‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻮﺏ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬
‫‪ - the cause of pain, the place where disease and‬ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺟﻊ ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺟﻊ ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﳏﺬﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺢ ‪suffering are located.‬‬
‫‪ – pain, ache, suffering, agony, anguish‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺭﹾﺃﺳ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻩ‬ ‫)‪(...‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﹾﺍ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ‬ ‫)ﺃﻧﺪﺏ(‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻮﺏ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺁﻩ‪ ،‬ﺁ ‪‬ﻩ ‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﻓﻌﻞ ﲟﻌﲎ )ﺃﺗﻮﺟﻊ( ‪ -‬ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ ﻭ ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻪ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﹰﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ )ﺃﻧﺎ(‬
‫‪ - to show, present, bring out.‬ﹶﺃﺭ‪‬ﻯ‬ ‫‪show him your notebook‬‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﹺﺭ ‪‬ﻩ ﺩﻓﺘﺮ‪‬ﻙ ‪-‬‬ ‫‪show me your book‬‬ ‫ﹶﺃﺭﹺﱐ ﻛﺘﺎﺑ‪‬ﻚ ‪-‬‬
‫‪‬ﻩ‬ ‫‪‬ﻙ‬ ‫ﺕ‬

‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻱ‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ‪2 -‬‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ‪1 -‬‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﺔ ﻭ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﹺﺭ‬
‫ﺖ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﳏﻤﺪﹰﺍ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻯ‪.‬‬
‫ﺖ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﻴﻨﻪ‪ .‬ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻋﻪ – ﻳ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺃﺭﻳﺪ ﺃ ﹾﻥ ﹸﺃ ﹺﺭ‪‬ﻳﻬ‪‬ﺎ ﺍﳌﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺮ‪) .‬ﹶﺃﺭ‪‬ﻯ( ﹶﺃ ﹾﻓ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶﻞ ﻣﻦ ) ‪‬ﺭﺍﹶﻯ(‪ .‬ﺃﺻﻠﻪ )ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺭﺃﹶﻯ(‪ .‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺬﹶﻓ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ -‬ﹶﺃ ﹺﺭ‪) .‬ﺃﺭﹺﱐ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ‪ .‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭﻧﹺﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﺎ ﺇﺧﻮﺍﻥ‪ .‬ﹶﺃ ﹺﺭ‪‬ﻳﻨﹺﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺮﱘ‪ .‬ﹶﺃ ﹺﺭ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨﻨﹺﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﺎ ﺃﺧﻮﺍﺕ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﻳ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﺑـ)ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻱ‬
‫ﹸﺃ ﹺﺭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻫ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﻳ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﺔ ﻭ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﹺﺭ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﻭﻗﻌﺖ ﻟﻠﻮﻗﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫‪‬ﻥ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻱ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻳ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻨﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﺀ‬ ‫‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻠﻲ‪‬‬
‫‪ conjugations, so long as it is not followed by sukoon ( ْ):‬ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﳎﺰﻭﻡ ‪ for the following‬ﺣﺬﻑ ﻧﻮﻥ ‪ - It is permissable to‬ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻚ‬
‫‪‬ﻧ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻦ ‪ -‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﹸﻛ ‪‬ﻦ ‪ -‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻙ‬ ‫ﻚ‬
‫‪‬ﺗ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻦ ‪ -‬ﺗ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻚ‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻦ ‪ -‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺴﻢ ‪ -‬ﻣﻦ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳉﺮ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﻗﺴﻢ ﻭ ﺍﳉﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑـ)ﻭ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﷲ‬
‫ﺍِ‬
‫ﺭﺃ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫‪‬ﻩ‬
‫ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻌﻞﱠ ‪ perhaps, maybe -‬؛ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺧﻮﺍﺕ ﺇ ﹼﻥ‬

‫‪to hope (for), wish, to look forward to‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺟﻲ ‪ -‬ﻟﻌﻠﻪ ﲞﲑ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﺃﺭﺟﻮ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﲞﲑ ؛ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪‬ﺎ ‪-‬‬
‫‪fear, fright, worry, anxiety, concern, care‬‬ ‫ﻕ‪-‬‬
‫ﺍﻹﺷﻔﺎﻕ ‪ -‬ﻟﻌﻠﻪ ﻣﺮﻳﺾ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ﺃﺧﺸﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺮﻳﻀﺎ ؛ ﹺﺇ ‪‬ﺷﻔﹶﺎ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺗﺮﺟﻲ ﻭ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻌﻞﱠ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺍﺳﻢ )ﻟﻌ ﹼﻞ(‬ ‫‪‬ﻩ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﹺ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺎﺀ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺧﱪ )ﻟﻌ ﹼﻞ(‬ ‫ﲑ‬
‫ﺧﹴ‬
‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﻳ‪‬ﺎ ‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﺀ‪ .‬ﲢﺬﻑ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻭ ﺍﻟﻼﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﳌﻘﺘﺮﻥ ‪‬ﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺪﺍﺀ ‪ -‬ﺍﳊﺴ ‪‬ﻦ ‪ <-‬ﻳ‪‬ﺎ ﺣﺴﻦ‪‬؛ ﻋﺒ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍ ِ‬
‫ﷲ ‪ <-‬ﻳ‪‬ﺎ ﻋﺒ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍ ِ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﺪﺍﺀ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻳ‪‬ﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻨﺎﺩﻯ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺻﺎﺣ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺎ ‪‬ﻥ‬
‫)ﹺﺇﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻴ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺜ ﹶﻠ ﹰﺔ ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﺧﺮ‪‬ﻯ( ‪ -‬ﻫﻨﺎ )ﺇﻟﻴﻜﻢ( ﺍﺳﻢ ﻓﻌﻞ‪) .‬ﺇﻟﻴﻚ( ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ) ‪‬ﺧ ﹾﺬ(‬
‫) ‪‬ﻫ ﹾﻞ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﺳﺆﺍ ﹴﻝ ؟( – ﺃﺻﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ )ﻫﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺆﺍﻝ ﻋﻨﺪﻙ ؟(‪ .‬ﻫﻨﺎ ) ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ( ﺯﺍﺋﺪﺓ ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺒﺘﺪﺃ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫)ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﺪﻱ‪ ‬ﺳﺆﺍ ﹲﻝ( ‪) -‬ﻟﺪﻱ( ﻇﺮﻑ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﲟﻌﲎ ) ‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪ(‪ .‬ﺗﻐﲑ ﺃﻟﻔﻪ ﻳﺎﺀ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻐﲑ ﺃﻟﻒ )ﺇﱃ( ﻭ )ﻋﻠﻰ(‪ .‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻳﻚ‪ ،‬ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬‬
‫ﻱ‬
‫)ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺮ( ‪ -‬ﲟﻌﲎ ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﻣﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺮ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻓﻴﻪ‬
‫)ﻭﺻﻠﺖ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨ ﹶﺔ( ‪ -‬ﻭ )ﻭﺻﻠﺖ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨ ‪‬ﺔ( ﻛﻼﳘﺎ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬
‫ﺡ ‪‬ﻣﺴ‪‬ﺎ َﺀ( ‪ -‬ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺍﳉﺰﺃﻳﻦ‬

‫ﺻﺒ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫)ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻴ ﹶﻞ ‪‬ﻧﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺭ( ﻭ ) ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻃ ‪‬ﻔ ‪‬ﻖ ﻳﻔﻌ ﹸﻞ ﻛﺬﺍ ‪ /‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻌ ﹶﻞ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ﻛﺬﺍ ‪ /‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺧ ﹶﺬ ﻳﻔﻌﻞ ﻛﺬﺍ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﻉ ﺑﻔﻌﻠﻪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎ ﹸﻝ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ ﺗﻌﻤ ﹸﻞ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ﹶﻞ )ﻛﺎﻥ( ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﺧﱪﻫﺎ ﳚﺐ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻉ‬
‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﲨﻠ ﹲﺔ ﻓﻌﻠﻴ ﹰﺔ ﻓﻌﻠﹸﻬﺎ ﻣﻀﺎﺭ ‪‬‬
‫)ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ( – ﻳﺒﲎ )ﻗﺒﻞ( ﻭ )ﺑﻌﺪ( ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻢ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻟﻔﻈﺎ ﻻ ﻣﻌﲎ‪ .‬ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ } ﷲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻭ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ {‬
‫ﻉ ‪ -‬ﻣﻌﺮﺏ(‪ ) ،‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺒ ﹺﻞ ‪‬ﻙ –‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﱂ ﻳﺄﺗﻰ ﺑﻌﺪ )ﻗﺒﻞ( ﺷﻲﺀ )ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ‪ -‬ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ( ﺳﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺒﲏ ‪ ) -‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺒ ﹸﻞ ‪ -‬ﻣﺒﲏ(‪ ) ،‬ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺒ ﹶﻞ ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﻮ ﹴ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺮﺏ(‬
‫‪‬ﻛﺘ‪‬ﺎﺑﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﺣ‪‬ﺎﻣ‪‬ﺪﹰﺍ‬ ‫ﺕ‬

‫‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋ ﹶﻄ ‪‬ﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺼﺐ )ﺃﻋﻄﻰ( ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻟﲔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬
‫ﺍ ﹸﳌ ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺮ‬ ‫‪‬ﻩ‬ ‫ﻱ‬

‫‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﻄﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻥ‬ ‫ﺏ؟‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻴ ﹲﻞ( ‪ -‬ﻫﺬﻩ ﻻ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻻ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﺘﺪ‪‬ﺍﺀِ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺗﻔﻴﺪ ﺗﻮﻛﻴﺪ ﻣﻀﻤﻮﻥ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬‬
‫)ﳍﺬﺍ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬
‫ﺾ‬
‫ﺼ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺢ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ‪‬ﻣ ﹺﺮ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬
‫ﻱ ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﻪ ﺍﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﹶﺃ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻳﻀﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﺣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫ﺢ‬
‫ﺻ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺢ( ﻣﻦ ﺃﺧﻮﺍﺕ )ﻛﹶﺎ ﹶﻥ(‬
‫ﺻ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫)ﹶﺃ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺧﱪ ﺃﺻﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﺃﺻﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ‬
‫ﺤ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻢ ﹺﺑﹺﻨ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻪ ﹺﺇ ‪‬ﺧﻮ‪‬ﺍﻧﹰﺎ { )ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ‪(103‬‬
‫ﺻ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﻒ ‪‬ﺑ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻦ ﻗﹸﹸﻠ ‪‬ﻮﹺﺑ ﹸﻜ ‪‬ﻢ ﹶﻓﹶﺄ ‪‬‬
‫ﻭ ﻗﺪ ﺗﺄﰐ ﲟﻌﲎ )ﺻ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺭ( ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ } :‬ﹶﻓﹶﺄﱠﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ(‪ :‬ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺭﺑﺔ ) ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﺮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻛﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺩ(؛ ﻭ ﻫﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺧﻮﺍﺕ )ﻛﺎﻥ(‪ ،‬ﻭ ﳚﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺧﱪﻫﺎ ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎ ﻣﻦ )ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ( ﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪:‬‬ ‫)ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬‬
‫ﺑﻼﺩﻫﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺏ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ﻳﺮﺟﻌﻮﺍ ﺇﱃ‬
‫ﻚ ﺍﻟﻄﻼ ‪‬‬
‫ﺱ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨﺘ‪‬ﻬﻲ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬‬
‫ﻚ ﺍﻟﺪﺭ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﺘ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻲ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ‬ ‫ﺱ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻚ‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬‬
‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻑ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﺃﻭﺷﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺆﻭﻝ ‪ -‬ﺧﱪ ﺃﻭﺷﻚ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ )ﻣﻦ ﺃﺧﻮﺍﺕ ﻛﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻓﻊ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻭ ﺗﻨﺼﺐ ﺍﳋﱪ(‬ ‫ﻚ‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺃﻭﺷﻚ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﺑـ)ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻨ‪‬ﺘ ﹺﻬ ‪‬ﻲ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺆﻭﻝ )ﺃﻥ ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲ( ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺧﱪ ﺃﻭﺷﻚ‬
‫ﺑﻼﺩﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﺟﻌﻮ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ‬ ‫ﺏ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻄﻼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻚ‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻑ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﺃﻭﺷﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺆﻭﻝ ‪ -‬ﺧﱪ ﺃﻭﺷﻚ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ )ﻣﻦ ﺃﺧﻮﺍﺕ ﻛﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﻓﻊ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻭ ﺗﻨﺼﺐ‬ ‫ﻚ‬
‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺷ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍﳋﱪ(‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺃﻭﺷﻚ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﺑـ)ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺣﺬﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻧﻴﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﺟﻌﻮ‬
‫ﺍﳋﻤﺴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﳌﺆﻭﻝ )ﺃ ﹾﻥ ﻳﺮﺟﻌﻮ( ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺧﱪ ﺃﻭﺷﻚ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑـ)ﺇﱃ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﻼﺩ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺟﺮ ﻣﻀﺎﻑ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫)ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻫﺎ ﻷَﻣ ﹴﺮ ﻣﺎ(‪ .‬ﻫﺬﻩ )ﻣﺎ( ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﻬﻤﺔ ﻭ ﺗﺄﰐ ﻧﻌﺘﺎ ﳌﺎ ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺳﺎﻓﺮﺕ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺽ ﻟﺴﺒ ﹴ‬
‫ﺐ ﻣﺎ‪ .‬ﺃﻋﻄﲏ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﹰﺎ ﻣﺎ‪ .‬ﺭﺃﻳﺘﻪ ﰲ‬
‫ﻣﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎ ‪‬ﻥ ﻣﺎ‪ .‬ﻗﺮﺃﺕ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳋﱪ ﰲ ﺻﺤﻴﻔ ‪‬ﺔ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ )ﻻﺗﺼﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻀﻤﲑ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻙ(‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻓ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫‪‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑـ) ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺽ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎ ﹺ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﹺﻝ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﳎﺮﻭﺭ ﺑـ) ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ( ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺳﺒ ﹴ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﳌﺒﻬﻤﺔ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺐ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻁ ﺃﻥ‬ ‫)ﳏﻤ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻦ ﹺﻭﹾﻟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻢ(‪ .‬ﲢﺬﻑ ﳘﺰﺓ )ﺍﺑﻦ( ﺇﺫﺍ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺻﻔﺔ ﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺎ ﺇﱃ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺃﺑﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﳏﻤ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻦ ﻋﺒ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍ ِ‬
‫ﷲ ‪‬ﺑ ﹺﻦ ﻋﺒ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﳌﻄﻠ ﹺ‬
‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫ﳊ‪‬‬
‫ﺖ ﻛﺎﻣﺔ )ﺍﺑﻦ( ﺑﺎﳍﻤﺰﺓ‪ ،‬ﳓﻮ‪ :‬ﺍ ﹶ‬
‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺙ ﰲ ﺳﻄﺮ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺟﺎﺀ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺳﻄﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺳﻄﺮ ﺁﺧﺮ ﹸﻛ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫ﺦ ﺇﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ( ﻷﻥ )ﺍﺑﻦ( ﱂ ﻳﻘﻊ ﺑﲔ ﻋﻠﻤﲔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻑ ﰲ ﻣﺜﻞ‪) :‬ﺣﺎﻣ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻴ ﹺ‬
‫ﺤ ﹶﺬ ‪‬‬
‫ﺍ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﻦ ﻋﻠ ‪‬ﻲ‪ .‬ﻭ ﻻ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬‬
‫‬
‫ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ‪ :‬ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﺮﺓ ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ )ﺹ‪ (3‬ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ ﻋﺸﺮ )ﺹ‪ (149‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ –‬
‫))ﺩﺭﻭﺱ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ – ﻟﻐﲑ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻃﻘﲔ ‪‬ﺎ((‬
‫– ‪Important: These notes cover the Introduction (page 3) upto and including Chapter Sixteen (page 149) of the book‬‬
‫‪((Lessons in Arabic Grammer – for non-speakers)).‬‬
‫‬
‫ﺑﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺑﻨﻌﻤﺘﻪ ﺗﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﺎﺕ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻭ ﺳﻠﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺒﻴﻨﺎ ﳏﻤﺪ ﻭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﻟﻪ ﻭ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﲔ ﳍﻢ ﺑﺈﺣﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﺪﻯ ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﲔ‪.‬‬
‫‪X‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻭﺟﺪ ﺷﻴﺌﹰﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺺ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳋﻄﺄ ﻓﻠﻴﻜﺘﺐ ﱄ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪:‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺃﺑﻮ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺃﺧﺘﺮ ﺷﻮﺩﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ‪ -‬ﺹ‪.‬ﺏ‪ ،10133 .‬ﺍﻟـﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟـﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺟـﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺟـﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﺟـﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺮﺩ‬

‫ﹶﺃ ﹾﻃ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﻤ ﹲﺔ‬ ‫ﹶﻃﻌ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‬ ‫‪‬ﻋﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﹺﻭ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫‪‬ﻋ‪‬ﻨﻮ‪‬ﺍ ﹲﻥ‬ ‫ﺹ ‪Page 25 / 25‬‬
‫ﹺﺟ‪‬ﻴﺮ‪‬ﺍ ﹲﻥ‬ ‫ﺟ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺳﺮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﺮ‬ ‫‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻡ‬ ‫‪‬ﺣﺮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫‪‬ﺷﻔﹶﺎ ﹲﺓ‬ ‫‪‬ﺷ ﹶﻔ ﹲﺔ‬ ‫‪‬ﺷ ‪‬ﺆ ‪‬ﻭ ﹲﻥ‬ ‫‪‬ﺷ ﹾﺄ ﹲﻥ‬ ‫ﺳ‪‬ﻜﺎﺭﻯ‬ ‫‪‬ﺳ ﹾﻜﺮ‪‬ﺍ ﹸﻥ‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮﺿ‪‬ﻰ‬ ‫ﺾ‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ﹺﺮ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﻨ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﺞ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻬ ‪‬ﺞ‬ ‫ﻣ‪‬ﻼ ِﺀ ﹶﻛ ﹲﺔ‬ ‫ﻚ‬
‫‪‬ﻣﹶﻠ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺟ ﹺﻮ‪‬ﺑ ﹲﺔ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫‪‬ﺟﻮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺹ ‪Page 66 / 66‬‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﻮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻡ‬ ‫ﻋ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‬
‫ﹸﻗﺪ‪‬ﺍﻣ‪‬ﻰ‬ ‫ﹶﻗ ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﹶﻃ‪‬ﻠﺒ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻃ‪‬ﻠ‪‬ﺒ ﹲﺔ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﹾﻃﻔﹶﺎ ﹲﻝ‬ ‫‪‬ﻃ ﹾﻔ ﹲﻞ‬
‫‪‬ﺯﻭ‪‬ﺍ‪‬ﺋ ‪‬ﺮ‪ /‬ﺯﻭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﺯ‪‬ﺍ‪‬ﺋ ‪‬ﺮ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﹾﻃ ﹺﺮ ‪‬ﺯ ﹲﺓ‬ ‫‪‬ﻃﺮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺯ‬ ‫ﺡ‬
‫ﺻﺤ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﺻﺤ‪‬ﺎ ٌﺀ‪ /‬‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺢ‬
‫ﺻ‪‬‬‫‪‬‬
‫ﺹ ‪Page 130 / 130‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻄ ﱢﻔ ﹸﻔ ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ‬ ‫ﻒ‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ﹶﻄ ﱢﻔ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺰ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ‬ ‫ﺝ‬
‫‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﺰ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﻟﻮ‪‬ﺍ‪‬ﺋ ‪‬ﺢ‬ ‫ﺤ ﹲﺔ‬
‫ﻻ‪‬ﺋ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺹ ‪Page 72 / 72‬‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺣﺰ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺰ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻋﺬﹶﺍ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫‪‬ﻋ ﹾﺬ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﹶﺃ ﹾﻛﻴ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺲ‬
‫‪‬ﻛ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺹ ‪Page 37 / 37‬‬
‫ﺤ ﹲﺔ‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﻠ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺡ‬
‫ﺳ‪‬ﻼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻮﺣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺣ ﹲﺔ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬
‫ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﻣﺮ‪‬ﺍ ُﺀ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ‬ ‫ﻂ‬
‫‪‬ﺧﺮ‪‬ﺍ‪‬ﺋ ﹸ‬ ‫‪‬ﺧ ﹺﺮ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻄ ﹲﺔ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﻭﺛﹶﺎ ﹲﻥ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﹶﺛ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺩ ﹺﻭ‪‬ﻳ ﹲﺔ‬ ‫‪‬ﺩﻭ‪‬ﺍ ٌﺀ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﹾﻏ‪‬ﻠ ﹶﻔ ﹲﺔ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﻏ‪‬ﻼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺬ‪‬ﻳ ﹲﺔ‬ ‫‪‬ﺣﺬﹶﺍ ٌﺀ‬
‫ﺹ ‪Page 138 / 138‬‬ ‫ﺴ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫ﺴ‪‬ﻨ ﹲﺔ‪/‬ﹶﺍﹾﻟ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﺃﹾﻟ ِ‬ ‫‪‬ﻟﺴ‪‬ﺎ ﹲﻥ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺩﻳ‪‬ﺎ ﹲﻥ‬ ‫‪‬ﺩ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‬
‫ﻛﹶﺎ‪‬ﻓ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻭ ﹶﻥ‪ /‬ﹸﻛﻔﱠﺎ ‪‬ﺭ‪ /‬ﹶﻛ ﹶﻔ ‪‬ﺮ ﹲﺓ‬ ‫ﻛﹶﺎ‪‬ﻓ ‪‬ﺮ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪‬ﻯ‪/‬ﹶﺃﻳ‪‬ﺎﺩ‪‬ﻱ‬ ‫‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺭ‬
‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺟﺤ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺭ‪ /‬ﺟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺤ ‪‬ﺮ‬
‫‪‬ﺟ ‪‬‬
‫ﺴ ﹶﻘ ﹲﺔ‬
‫ﻓﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺳ ﹸﻘ ‪‬ﻮ ﹶﻥ‪/‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻓﹶﺎ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻖ‬ ‫ﺹ ‪Page 81 / 81‬‬ ‫ﺏ‬
‫ﹸﺫ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﹶﺫ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫ﺠ ‪‬ﺮ ﹲﺓ‬
‫ﹸﻓﺠ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺭ‪/‬ﹶﻓ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻓﹶﺎ ﹺﺟ ‪‬ﺮ‬ ‫ﻚ‬
‫ﹶﺃﺭ‪‬ﺁ‪‬ﺋ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﹺﺭ‪‬ﻳ ﹶﻜ ﹲﺔ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺷ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺣﻨ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺷ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺣ‪‬ﻨ ﹲﺔ‬
‫ﺻ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺭ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺻ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺭ ﹲﺓ‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﺒ‪‬ﺎ‪‬ﻟ ﹸﻎ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ‪‬ﺒﹶﻠ ﹲﻎ‬ ‫ﺲ‬
‫ﻣ‪‬ﻼﹺﺑ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺲ‬
‫‪‬ﻣ ﹾﻠ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺭ ﹲﺓ‬ ‫ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﺟﺮ‪‬ﺍ ُﺀ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﹺﺟ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﺮ‬ ‫ﹶﻗﻮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺪ ﹲﺓ‬
‫ﻑ‬
‫ﹸﻏ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹸﻏ ‪‬ﺮﹶﻓ ﹲﺔ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ‪‬ﺳ ﹺﻮ ‪‬ﺭ ﹲﺓ‬ ‫‪‬ﺳﻮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﺲ‬
‫‪‬ﺟﻮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺟ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺳ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫ﹸﺃ ‪‬ﻣ ﹲﺔ‬ ‫ﺺ‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺼ ﹲﺔ‬
‫‪‬ﺣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺹ‬
‫ﺼ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬‬
‫ﹸﻟ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺺ‬
‫‪‬ﻟ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻭ ﹲﻝ‬ ‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻟ ﹲﺔ‬ ‫‪‬ﻫ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺩ‬ ‫ﻱ‬
‫‪‬ﻫ‪‬ﻨ ‪‬ﺪ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺚ‬
‫ﹶﺃﺣ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺩ‪‬ﻳ ﹸ‬ ‫ﺚ‬
‫‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻳ ﹲ‬
‫ﺹ ‪Page 139 / 139‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻭ ﹲﻝ‬ ‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻭﹶﻟ ﹲﺔ‬ ‫ﺹ ‪Page 45 / 45‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩﻛﹶﺎ‪‬ﺗ ‪‬ﺮ ﹲﺓ‬ ‫‪‬ﺩ ﹾﻛ‪‬ﺘ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﹶﻓﻮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻛ ‪‬ﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﹶﺎ ‪‬ﻛ ‪‬ﻬ ﹲﺔ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻳﺘ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻡ‬ ‫‪‬ﻳ‪‬ﺘ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻢ‬
‫ﺹ ‪Page 148 / 148‬‬ ‫ﺹ ‪Page 102 / 102‬‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﹾﻗﻔﹶﺎ ﹲﻝ‬ ‫ﹸﻗ ﹾﻔ ﹲﻞ‬
‫ﻒ‬
‫‪‬ﻣﺼ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻒ‬
‫ﺤ ‪‬‬
‫ﺼ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﺯﻭ‪‬ﺍ‪‬ﺋ ‪‬ﺮ‪ /‬ﺯﻭ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺭ‬ ‫ﺯ‪‬ﺍ‪‬ﺋ ‪‬ﺮ‬ ‫ﺕ‬
‫ﹺﺟﻬ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬‬ ‫ﹺﺟ ‪‬ﻬ ﹲﺔ‬
‫ﹶﺃ ﹾﻓﹺﻨ‪‬ﻴ ﹲﺔ‬ ‫‪‬ﻓﻨ‪‬ﺎ ٌﺀ‬ ‫‪‬ﺷﺪ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺩ‬ ‫‪‬ﺷ ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫‪‬ﻋﺒ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﺩ‪ /‬ﻋ‪‬ﺒ ‪‬ﺪ ﹲﺓ‬ ‫ﻋ‪‬ﺎﹺﺑ ‪‬ﺪ‬
‫ﺕ‬
‫ﺸ ﹶﻄ ﹲﺔ‪/‬ﻧﺸ‪‬ﺎﻃﹶﺎ ‪‬‬
‫ﹶﺃ‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﻁ‬
‫‪‬ﻧﺸ‪‬ﺎ ﹲ‬ ‫‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﺮﺣ‪‬ﻰ‬ ‫‪‬ﺟ ﹺﺮ‪‬ﻳ ‪‬ﺢ‬ ‫ﺹ ‪Page 55 / 55‬‬
‫ﺐ‬
‫‪‬ﺟﻮ‪‬ﺍﹺﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺐ‬
‫ﺟ‪‬ﺎﹺﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺲ‬
‫ﺱ‪/‬ﹶﺍ‪‬ﻧ ﹸﻔ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﻧ ﹸﻔ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺲ‬
‫‪‬ﻧ ﹾﻔ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺴ ‪‬ﺦ‬
‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺨ ﹲﺔ‬
‫ﺴ‪‬‬‫‪‬ﻧ ‪‬‬
‫‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬‬
‫ﺹ ‪Page 110 / 110‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻫﺪ‪‬ﺍﻳ‪‬ﺎ‬ ‫‪‬ﻫ ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻳ ﹲﺔ‬

‫‪‬ﻭﹸﻓ ‪‬ﻮ ‪‬ﺩ‬ ‫‪‬ﻭ ﹾﻓ ‪‬ﺪ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﺮ‪‬ﺍ ‪‬ﻛ ‪‬ﺰ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣ ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﻛ ‪‬ﺰ‬
‫ﹶﺃ ﹾﻏ‪‬ﻠ ﹶﻔ ﹲﺔ‬ ‫ﻑ‬
‫ﻏ‪‬ﻼ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺹ‬
‫ﹸﻓ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬ ‫ﺻ ﹲﺔ‬
‫ﹸﻓ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬‬

The Grammatic Rules in "Lessons in Arabic Language - Book 3"

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The Grammatic Rules in "Lessons in Arabic Language - Book 3"

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Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

‫ﺱ ﺍﻟﱡﻠ ‪‬ﻐ ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺮﹺﺑﻴ‪ ‬ﺔ ‪ -‬ﻟ ‪‬ﻐ ‪‬ﻴ ﹺﺮ ﺍﻟﻨ‪‬ﺎ ‪‬ﻃ ‪‬ﻘ ‪‬ﻴ ‪‬ﻦ ﹺﺑﻬ‪‬ﺎ

ﺍﻟـﺠﺰﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ – ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟـﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻑ‪ .‬ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬

‫ﷲ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺣ‪‬ﻤ ﹺﻦ ﺍﻟﺮ‪ ‬ﺣﻴ‪‬ﻢ‬

‫‪ -‬ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺀ ﻫﺆﻻ ِﺀ‬

‫‪ except the following:‬ﻣﻌﺮﺏ ‪In respect to nouns, all are‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻤﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺮﻑ ‪ -‬ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﳉﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ‪ -‬ﺍﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﱃ ﻓﺮﻋﻮ ﹶﻥ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺧﱪ ﻣﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‬

‫ﲨﻊ ﺍﳌﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﱂ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺐ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺴﺮ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬

‫ﺍﳌﻘﺼﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻣﺔ( ‪ where the last letter is an‬ﺍﺳﻢ ‪An‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﹶﻗ‪‬ﺘ ﹶﻞ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻧﺼﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌ‪‬ﻰ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫‪‬ﺳﹶﺄ ﹶﻝ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫‪‬ﺩﻋ‪‬ﺎ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺲ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻉ ﻭ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺭﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﺕ‬

‫‪ (2‬ﺍﳌﺴﺒﻮﻕ ﲝﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ‬

‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻓﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ‬

‫ﻼ ﺟﻠﺲ ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺱ ﻋﻨﺪَ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺮ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﻗﺎ ﹶﻝ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺃ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻣﺴﺘﺘﺮ ﻭﺟﻮﺑﹰﺎ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ )ﺃﻧﺎ(‬

‫‪ -‬ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﰲ ﳏﻞ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺧﱪ ﻣﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻳ ‪‬ﻦ‬

‫ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ ﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪in verbs.‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﻣﺼﺪﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃ ﹾﻥ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﻔﻲ ﻭ ﺟﺰﻡ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ‬

‫ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺃ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎﻡ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﻧﻔﻲ ﻭ ﺟﺰﻡ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﹶﻟ ‪‬ﻢ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ‬

‫ﳎﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ‬

‫ﳎﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ‬

‫ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﳎﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﳎﻬﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬

‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ ﻣﺒﻨﻴﺔ ‪-‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺲ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺲ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺟﺎ َﺀ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺲ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻓ ‪‬ﺮ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺐ‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪formed by adding‬‬ ‫ﻱ‬

‫ﺧﱪ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺠﺎﺯﻳﺔ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ )ﻭ( ﻟﻠﻌﻄﻒ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﳏﻞ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻭ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺇﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺇﻣﺎ ﻣﻌﺮﺏ ﻭ ﺇﻣﺎ ﻣﺒﲏ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺇﻣﺎ ﺍﻹﺑﺎﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﺇﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭ ﺇﻣﺎ ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺱ ﺍﻟﺮﺟ ﹸﻞ – ‪ - definition indicating a precise noun‬ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬

‫ﺏ ﺭﺟ ﹲﻞ ‪ - in-definition indicates an indefinite noun -‬ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺮﺓ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﺬﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﷲ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺽ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺟﺎ َﺀ‬

‫ﻱ( = ﹺﺭ ‪‬ﺟﹶﻠ ‪‬ﻲ [‬

‫‪ only‬ﻣﺜﲎ ‪ - That is. Used for‬ﺫﺍﻧﻚ‪/‬ﺗﺎﻧﻚ‬

‫‪.‬ﻣﺒﺘﺪﺃ ﻭ ﺧﱪ ‪ - constituted by‬ﺍﺳﻢ ‪ - starts with an‬ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻻﲰﻴﺔ‬

‫‪.‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‪/‬ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ‪ - constituted by‬ﻓﻌﻞ ‪ - starts with a‬ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫‪ - derived noun indicating element undergoing action of verb -‬ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬

‫ﺏ ﺍﷲِ‪ ،‬ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ‪ ‬ﺍﳉﻨ ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﺒﺘـﺪﺃ‬

‫ﻫﻮ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫*ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺃ ﹾﻥ ﺗﺼﻮﻣﻮﺍ ﺧﲑ ﻟﻜﻢ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺷﺮﻁ ﻏﲑ ﺟﺎﺯﻡ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬

‫‪ -‬ﺣﺮﻑ ﺷﺮﻁ ﻏﲑ ﺟﺎﺯﻡ ﻣﺒﲏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬

‫ﳚﻮﺯ ﺟﺮﻩ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺟﺮ‪‬ﺕ )ﻛﻢ( ﲝﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ‬