SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

PROJECT PROPOSAL FORM

SCHOOL ENGINEERING & ELECTRONICS MECHANICAL ENGINEERING INDIVIDUAL PROJECT PROPOSAL FORM NAME: FARHAN KAMAL SUPERVISOR(S):
ALISTAIR ELFICK

PROJECT TITLE: THE MODELLING OF THE TIP-ENHANCED RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY (TERS) AND THE SURFACE-ENHANCED RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY (SERS) WITH OTHER POSSIBLE OPTICAL ENHANCEMENTS. (preferably 15 words, which must accurately convey the engineering content of the project) BACKGROUND / MOTIVATION (c.300 words, 10 pt)
For the last few years, there has been a need to see things in a finer resolution, even to the atomic resolution and this is especially true in the realm of biomedical engineering. Scientists have been eager than ever to understand the subunits of the living cells in the atomic resolution in their endeavours to better grasp the way a living cell works. For this purpose, an equipment that is capable of providing resolution much better than an optical microscope and an electron microscope is very much needed. There has been a chain of researches in the Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (TERS) as well as the Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS). As for TERS, metal tips above metallic and transparent surfaces are modelled. Gold, silicon, and oxidized silicon are seen as potential tip materials, as are the widely used flat substrates of gold, mica and silicon. The resolution of the optical imaging as a result of light scattering can be made significantly smaller than the tip radius for small tipsubstrate separation. The tip radius can be considered to be as minute as 1 nanometer (nm). 1-nm-radius tips can allow atomic resolution imaging with sufficient optical enhancement. On the other hand, SERS is Raman Spectroscopy with the metal surfaces enhanced. The so-called electromagnetic enhancement mechanism is modelled as a direct result of presence of metal roughness features at the metal surface. These features can be developed in a number of ways namely vapour deposition of metal particles onto substrate and metal spheroid assemblies produced via lithography. The intensity of the Raman scattered radiation is proportional to the square of the magnitude of any electromagnetic fields incident on the analyte.

OBJECTIVES (c.4 6 key objectives - see Guidelines in Section 2.2 below) (A)
TO MODEL THE INTERACTION BETWEEN OBJECTS (TIPS, SURFACES, SUBSTRATE) AND THE ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES.

(B) TO STUDY THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE TIP SPECIFICATIONS AND THE RESOLUTION GENERATED I.E. THE RADIATION INTENSITY. (C) TO STUDY THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS AND THE RESOLUTION GENERATED I.E. THE RADIATION INTENSITY. (D) TO CONSIDER OTHER POSSIBLE OPTICAL ENHANCEMENTS.

TECHNICAL SUPPORT: A detailed assessment should be provided on the Project Resources Form (high: > 10 hours) AVERAGE COMPUTER: Will you require use of a computer, apart from those in public labs.? If YES, state which computer and %-age use required: or materials YES -10%

OTHER RESOURCE IMPLICATIONS eg access to existing equipment / requirement for purchase of new equipment Materials and Equipments in the Biomedical Engineering Lab. DOES THE PROJECTS HAVE EXTERNAL PARTNERS? If YES then append a sheet detailing supporting
arrangements, resource agreements (travel, equipment, etc) and rights to data / findings.

NO

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

PROJECT PROPOSAL FORM

HAVE YOU READ THE IMECHE PROJECT GUIDELINES (OVERLEAF)? YES STUDENTS SIGNATURE: FARHAN KAMAL DATE: 29/9/2011
1. Proposal Form Aims

SUPERVISORS SIGNATURE: DATE:

The proposal form has the following aims: to check the project conforms to the IMechE guidelines (see Section 2.5, below) to demonstrate that you have discussed the project with your supervisor and have fully understood the background to the project to confirm that you and your supervisor have set achievable aims for your project to list the core tasks which must be carried out to ensure successful completion of the aims to confirm what the resource implications are for the project.

The School of Mechanical Engineering Teaching Committee will approve your project on the basis of this form. You may be asked to make modifications. Form Contents 2.1 Background / Motivation This section describes the background to the project / the motivation for the proposed work. This should state the technical justification for carrying out the project. Eg: is it to build a measuring device for one of the research groups? Why is there a need for such a device what will it measure? What will happen to the output? Who is the customer for your device / your data? Can you already but such a device? What will your device offer which the others cannot? 2.2 Objectives List the objectives of the project clearly. Remember these are what you will be judged by at the end of the project. They should be SMART: specific, measurable, achievable, resourced and time-limited. If any of these are not met then reasons why not should be detailed in your progress presentations and final report. The objectives can only be changed through discussion with your supervisor and approval of your project group. 2.3 Resource Implications Although at this early stage of the project the resource implications are known fully known an initial estimate must be made. This is to identify projects which appear to have a large financial or manpower content and clarify this with the project supervisor. It also enables potential conflicts for particular pieces of equipment to be identified. A more detailed Project Resources Form will be submitted with the Preliminary Report later in the first term. If you propose to use a PC in your work, we need to know which one. You may need to share. 2.4 Projects with external partners If your project is being done in partnership with an organisation, please include the external supervisors name at the top of the form, and give details in the box about how you are going to liase, and what arrangements have been agreed to cover project costs. 2.5 IMechE Guidelines Our projects have to conform to guidelines laid down by the IMechE (reproduced below) If you are uncertain as to whether your project complies, then talk to your supervisor. Extract from IMechE Guidelines for Individual Project: The project should be of a technical nature and should support the Engineering Applications in the degree as a whole. It should not simply be a computer exercise or be of a non-technical nature. Furthermore, it is not a review paper. An integrated exercise involving a technical investigation, which incorporates a financial appreciation is encouraged. The project should involve: reference to previous work associated with topic analysis

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

PROJECT PROPOSAL FORM

design interpretation

manufacturing (if appropriate) preparation of a final report

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING MECHANICAL ENGINEERING MENG PROJECT RESOURCES REQUEST FORM

This form is to be completed and signed by the student. It then needs to be countersigned by the project supervisor and the EETO Technical Support Coordinator (Mr Hogg). The student should keep a photocopy with their project notebook. Project Title: THE MODELLING OF THE TIP-ENHANCED RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY (TERS) AND THE SURFACE-ENHANCED RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY (SERS) WITH OTHER POSSIBLE OPTICAL ENHANCEMENTS.

Estimated Workshop Time to Manufacture Apparatus This estimate will not necessarily need to include time that may be needed for minor modifications, but should include time for foreseen alteration work as the project develops. State number of hours (max 10 hours): No (only simulation will be carried out) Materials Requirements Give an estimated cost of all the materials needed to complete the project. The total should include items such as nuts and bolts, electronic components, special tooling, chemicals and raw materials i.e. aluminium, plastic steel etc. Estimated cost to the nearest Engineering Lab. 10 (max 100): All are available in the Biomedical

Laboratory Space Requirements How much and what sort of laboratory space will be needed for the project? Biomedical Engineering Lab Services Requirements Will the project apparatus need compressed air, water, drainage, fume cupboard, gas or other supply? No.

Laboratory Equipment and Instrumentation Requirements Tick off on the list those items which you think you will need for your project [ ] Oscilloscope [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] Power supply Strain gauge amplifier Computer Computer hardware or software Digital volt meter Water pump Hydraulic pump Electric motor Pressure transducer Oscillator Video camera

Others e.g. research equipment. Please specify: All are available in the Biomedical Engineering Lab.

Project Supervisors name: Alistair Elfick Signature. Students name: Farhan Kamal Signature. EETO TSCs Signature.Date.

General Risk Assessment Form RA1

(Refer to Notes for Guidance before completing this form)

MEng Individual Project School Assessment No: Raman Spectroscopy Experiments Title of Activity: Biomedical Engineering Lab Location(s) of Work: Brief Description of Work: Handling of the Raman Spectroscopy Set to generate images that will be produced in the desktop (PC).

Hazard Identification: Identify all the hazards; evaluate the risks (low / medium / high); describe all
existing control measures and identify any further measures required. Specific hazards should be assessed on a separate risk assessment form and cross-referenced with this document. Specific assessments are available for hazardous substances, biological agents, display screen equipment, manual handling operations and fieldwork. See http://www.safety.ed.ac.uk/safenet_guide.htm for details. Hazard(s) Present Risk Evaluation L/M/H M Control Measures (i.e., alternative work methods / mechanical aids / engineering controls, etc.) Risk Evaluation after control L/M/H L

(a) Excessive Sample Heating (b) Exposure of laser to the eyes/face

Make sure that the samples used do not react explosively when exposed to Raman laser. Wear protective glasses.

*Continue on separate sheet if necessary

Engineering Controls: Tick relevant boxes

Guarding X Extraction (LEV) Interlocks Other relevant information (incl. testing frequency if appropriate): Enclosure X

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Identify all necessary PPE.

Eye / Face X Hand /Arm X Feet / Legs X Respiratory Body (clothing) X Hearing Other (Specify) Specify the grade(s) of PPE to be worn: Specify when during the activity the item(s) of PPE must be worn: during laser-related experiments

Non-disposable items of PPE must be inspected regularly and records retained for inspection

Persons at Risk: Identify all those who may be at risk.

Academic staff Maintenance staff Contractors

X Technical staff
Office staff Visitors

X PGrad students X
Cleaning staff Others

X UGrad students
Emergency personnel

Additional Information: Identify any additional information relevant to the activity, including
supervision, training requirements, special emergency procedures, requirement for health surveillance etc. Supervision by the supervisor or any of the academic staff. Page 1 29/09/2011

Assessment carried out by:

Name: Signature: Farhan Kamal Date: Review Date: 29/9/2011

Page 2

29/09/2011