SMOKE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CALCULATIONS METHOD

1.Volume of the smoke zone to be calculated (axb-in cu.ft) a)Total area surrounded by the boundary of smoke zone multiplied by b)Vertical clear height of smoke zone-from floor to floor (not upto false ceiling) 2.CFM required for smoke exhaust removal Volume of the smoke zone in Cu.ft/6 ACH(Air change per Hour) 6 ACH mean that for every 10 minutes there will be an air change. 6 ACH is adopted for smoke removal by most of the designers so,volume of the smoke zone multiplied by 10/60 minutes will give required CFM for Smoke Extract Rate 3. Pressurization CFM The same cfm calculated for smoke exhaust (+) leakage cfm from outside walls,floors,stair walls, Elevator walls in smoke zone (+)leakage from window and door gaps

Leakage CFM= 2610 x A(leak) x

P----------------(A)

-whereA(leak) is the Leakage Area in sq.ft -where P is the Design Pressure difference across the zones in In.of.wc To select A(leak) for outside walls = Area of outside walls (Aw) x 0.00005 sq.ft A(leak) for stair walls = Area of stair walls (A stair) x 0.000017 sq.ft

A(leak) for elevator walls = Area of elevators walls (A ele) x 0.00018 sq.ft A(leak) for floors = Area of floors (A floor) x 0.0000066 sq.ft (Considering the above values for tight building)

As per NFPA 92 a, minimum P for sprinklered control zone is 0.05 in of wc and at the same time the design To select design P shall be selected to overcome the wind force,stack effect and buoyancy. P, x V

a)Pressure caused by wind effect Pw=0.00643 x Cw x

whereCw-Pressure co-efficient(-0.8 to 0.8) take 0.8 for max windward positive value for windward and negative value for leeward where -outside air density (0.075 lbm/ft3) V-Wind velocity in mph(For Mecca 17 mph, Refer ASHRAE stations) sustituting the values in above formula thePw =0.11 in.of wc. So the design P shall be higher than 0.11 in.of wc

b)Pressure caused by stack effect

P=7.64 x (1/To -1/TI) x H

WhereTo -Absolute temperature of outside air, R ( 1 F= 460 R) WhereTI -Absolute temperature of air inside shaft, R WhereH -Distance above nuetral plane, ft ( Nuetral plan normally consider as the middle of the elevation of the building) To = 122.5 F + 460 = 582.5 R (122.5 F is Highest dry bulb temp for Mecca) TI = 78 F + 460 = 538 R ( Design inside space 68 F +10 F) H = 130 feet ( Apply the actual height) Substituting the above values P=-0.139 in of wc So the design P shall be higher than0.139 in of wc c)Pressure caused by Buoyancy P=7.64 x (1/Ts -1/Tf) x H

WhereTs -Absolute temperature of surrounding, R ( 1 F= 460 R) WhereTf -Absolute temperature of fire compartment R WhereH -Distance above nuetral plane, ft ( take 50% of total building height) Tf = Ts (H-Hj) + Tj x Hj H WhereH -Floor to ceiling height, ft Hj -Thickness of ceiling jet,ft (take 4 ft) Tj - Absolute temp of ceiling jet, R ( take 300 F) If the design P calculate above is less than 0.3 in.or wc ,then take P=0.3 in.of wc So,we can find out the Leakage CFM by substitute the values of design P and A(leak) in Eq (A) After this if any AHU is supplying the fresh air in that zone that cfm shall be deducted from calculated pressurization cfm. The rest of the cfm is the final requirement for pressurization.

4. STAIRWELL PRESSURIZATION CALCULATION

To find out the CFM required to prevent the smoke flow when zmoke zone barrier door open, Vk = 5.68 ( qc/W) 1/3 Where V -critical air velocity,fpm k q - heat release rate into corridor (take 8x10 Btu/hr for fully developed fire) c w- corridor width in ft then flow (cfm) = Vk x door area (in ft) Take the 50 % of the above cfm considering door not fully opened From above method we can find out the CFM required for pressurization.