QUESTIONS TO THE MAJOR CONTROL-LESSON N1:

DRUGS AFFECTING PERIPHERAL NEUROHUMORAL TRANSMISSION 1. Parasympathomimetic drugs and Anticholinesterase agents. Classification. Pharmacologic effects. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. Reversal of cholinesterase inhibition. 2. Parasympathetic antagonists (anti-muscarinic drugs). Classification.

Pharmacologic effects. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. Contraindications. 3. Ganglionic stimulators and blockers. Preparations. Pharmacologic effects.

Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. Toxicological characteristic of nicotin. 4. Neuromuscular blocking agents. Classification. Mechanism of action.

Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. Reversal of neuromuscular blockade. 5. Sympathomimetic (adrenergic) agents. Classification. Mechanism of action. Pharmacologic effects. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. 6. Alpha-adrenergic blocking agents. Classification. Pharmacologic effects. Mechanism of action. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. 7. Beta-adrenergic blocking agents. Classification. Pharmacologic effects. Mechanism of action. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects.

QUESTIONS TO THE MAJOR CONTROL-LESSON N 2: DRUGS ACTING ON CNS

1. General anesthetics. Classification. Theories of narcosis. Pharmacokinetics

and pharmacologic effects of inhalational anesthetics. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. 2. General anesthetics. Classification. Pharmacologic effects of intravenous anesthetics. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. Drugs used for preanaesthetic medication. 3. Sedative-hypnotics. Classification. Mechanism of action. Pharmacologic effects. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. 4. Agents used in the treatment of seizures (Antiepileptics). Classification. Mechanism of action. Therapeutic uses. Pharmacological effects. Drug treatment of status epilepticus. Adverse effects. 5. Agents used in the treatment of Parkinsonian Disorders. Classification. Mechanism of action. Pharmacologic effects. Adverse effects. Drug combinations, their efficacy. 6. Antipsychotic agents. Classification. Mechanism of action. Dopamine theory. Pharmacologic effects. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. 7. Mood-Altering drugs /Antidepressants and Lithium salts/. Classification. Mechanism of action. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. Pharmacokinetics and toxicity of lithium salts. 8. Agents used in the treatment of anxiety. Classification. Pharmacologic effects. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. Mechanism of action. 9. CNS-stimulants. Preparations. Mechanism of action. Pharmacologic effects. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. 10. Narcotic analgesics. Classification. Morphine.Pharmacokinetics and pharmacologic effects. Mechanism of action. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. Drugs used in the treatment of narcotic toxicity. 11. Ethyl and methyl alcohols. Pharmacologic effects. Pharmacokinetics. Clinical uses. Toxicological characteristic of alcohol and methanol. Treatment of ethanol and methanol intoxication.

QUESTIONS TO THE MAJOR CONTROL N3:

DRUGS AFFECTING CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 1. Drugs used for the treatment of CHF. a) Classification. b) Mechanism of action of cardiac glycosides. Pharmacological effects on heart. c) Pharmacokinetics and clinical uses of cardiac glycosides. d) Side effects. Contraindications to digitalis administration. e) Symptoms and treatment of digitalis intoxication. 2. Drugs for the treatment of congestive heart failure. a) Drugs of first choice. b) Drugs of second choice. c) Beta1-adrenergic agonists. Drug names. Actions. Clinical uses. d) Phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Drug names. Actions. Clinical uses. e) Treatment of acute left ventricular failure (pulmonary oedema). 3. Vasodilators: a) Classification (arterial, venous, mixed); b) Mechanism of action of arterial vasodilators. Pharmacological effects; c) Indications to vasodilators; d) Side effects; e) Contraindications. 4. Diuretics. a) Classification of drugs. b) General mechanisms of their action. c) Clinical uses. d) Side effects. e) Prophylaxis and treatment of electrolyte disturbances caused by diuretics. 5. Diuretics. a) Classification of thiazide diuretics. b) Mechanism of their action. c) Clinical uses of thiazide diuretics. d) Side effects of thiazide diuretics. e) Prophylaxis and treatment of electrolyte disturbances caused by diuretics. 6. Diuretic agents. a) Classification of diuretic agents. b) Mechanism of action of loop diuretics. c) Therapeutic uses of loop diuretics. d) Adverse effects of loop diuretics. e) Diuretics used as antihypertensives 7. Beta-adrenoblocking agents. a) Classification based on receptor selectivity.

b) Mechanism of action. Pharmacological effects. c) Therapeutic uses. d) Side effects. e) Contraindications. 8. Antianginal drugs: a) Organic nitrates, classification; b) Mechanism of nitrates action; c) Pharmacological effects of nitrates; d) Therapeutic uses of nitrates; e) Side effects of nitrates. Contraindications. Tolerance, mechanism of development, prevention. 9. Antianginal drugs. a) Classification of antianginal drugs. b) Beta-adrenoblockers. Mechanism of antianginal action. Side effects; c) Calcium antagonists. Mechanism of antianginal action. Side effects; d) Treatment of myocardial infarction. e) Antiplatelet drugs used in angina. Name them. Mechanism of action. Side effects 10. Calcium channel blockers: a) Classification according to chemical structure; b) Mechanism of action; c) Pharmacological effects; d) Clinical uses; e) Side effects. Contraindications. 11. Antiarrhythmic drugs. a) Vaughan-Williams classification of antiarrhythmic drugs b) Class I drugs, action on repolarisation, ECG changes. c) Class I drugs, clinical uses of each subclass. d) Side effects of quinidine. Cinchonism. e) Side effects of lidocaine. 12. Antiarrhythmic drugs. a) Class II. Mechanism of antiarrhythmic action. Indications (arrhythmias that are treated with them); b) Class III. Mechanism of antiarrhythmic action. Arrhythmias treated with them. c) Class IV. Mechanism of antiarrhythmic activity. Arrhythmias treated with them. d) Antiarrhythmic drugs unclassified in Vaughan-Williams classification. e) Drugs for atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation. 13. Antihypertensive drugs. a) Pharmacological groups of first line drugs (drugs that used for monotherapy of hypertension).

b) Pharmacological groups of second line drugs. c) ACE inhibitors, classification according to generations. d) Mechanism of ACEIs action. Clinical uses. e) Side effects of ACEIs. 14. Antihypertensive drugs. a) Antagonists of AT-II receptors. Drug names. Mechanism of action. b) Vasodilators. Drugs. Mechanism of action. c) Centrally acting drugs. Name them. Mechanism of antihypertensive action. d) Antihypertensive drugs which are safe in pregnancy. e) Treatment of hypertensive crisis. 15. Drugs that interfere with the renin-angiotensin system: a) Preparations of ACE inhibitors; b) Mechanism of action of ACEIs. c) Therapeutic uses of ACEIs; d) Adverse effects of ACEIs; e) AG II antagonists. Mechanism of action. Side effects. 16. Drugs used to treat anaemia a) Iron preparations. Uses. Side effects. Pharmacokinetics of iron. b) Vitamin B12. Uses. Side effects. Route of administration. c) Erythropoietin. Uses. d) Folic acid. Indications. Side effects. e) Treatment of acute iron intoxication. 17. Anticoagulants direct-acting (parenteral): a) Classification; b) Heparin, mechanism of action; c) Laboratory control at the heparins administration; d) Indications for heparin; e) Side effects of heparin. Reversal of heparins action. 18. Drugs affecting blood: a) Oral anticoagulants. Drug names. b) Mechanism of action of oral anticoagulants c) Therapeutic uses d) Adverse effects e) Laboratory control at warfarins administration. Reversal of warfarins action. 19. Thrombolytic (fibrinolytic) and antifibrinolytic drugs: a) Preparations. b) Mechanism of action. c) Therapeutic uses. d) Adverse effects. e) Reversal of fibrinolytics action

QUESTIONS TO THE MAJOR CONTROL-LESSON N4: ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS

1. Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim. Classification. Mechanism of action. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. Co-trimoxazole, mechanism of action, uses. 2. Penicillins. Classification. Mechanism of action. Pharmacokinetics. Antimicrobial spectrum. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. 3. Cephalosporins. Classification. Mechanism of action. Antimicrobial spectrum. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. 4. Aminoglycosides. Classification. Mechanism of action. Antimicrobial spectrum. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. 5. Tetracyclines. Classification. Mechanism of action. Antimicrobial spectrum. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. Contraindications. 6. Quinolones and fluoroquinolones. Preparations. Mechanism of action.Therapeutic uses. Antimicrobial spectrum. Adverse effects. 7. Antibiotics macrolides. Preparations. Mechanism of action. Antimicrobial spectrum. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. 8. Antibiotics-polypeptides. Preparations. Mechanism of action. Antimicrobial spectrum. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. 9. Chloramphenicol. Mechanism of action. Antimicrobial spectrum. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. Pharmacokinetics. 10. Agents used for treatment of fungus infections. Classification. Mechanism of action. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. Advantages itraconazole over ketoconazole. 11. Agents used for treatment of tuberculosis. Principles of TB treatment. Classification. Mechanism of action. Adverse effects. Pharmacokinetics of isoniazid. Drug combinations. 12. Agents used for treatment of leprosy. Preparations. Mechanism of action. Pharmacological effects. Adverse effects. 13. Anthelmintics. Classification. Mechanism of action. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. 14. Agents used for treatment of protozoal infections. Classification. Mechanism of action. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. Pharmacokinetics of metronidazole. Contraindications to metronidazole. 15. Agents used for the treatment of malaria. Classification. Mechanism of action. Pharmacological effects. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects. Cinchonism. 16. Agents used for treatment of virus infections. Classification. Mechanism of action. Pharmacological effects. Therapeutic uses. Adverse effects.