The Industrial Revolution and Early Contemporary Europe (1750-1920)

PART III

Take-Home Multiple Choice

Honor Code

I understand that this is an independent assignment and that I can not receive any assistance from any other person. I will conduct all of my own research and will answer the questions to the best of my ability.

____________________________ Student Name

___________ ____________________________ Date Student Signature

1. The term belle epoque refers to which of the following eras in European history? A. The period of tensions before the Crimean War B. The early Victorian era C. The decades prior to 1914 D. The pre-Napoleonic period E. The interwar period 2. What role did Victorian society suggest for women? A. Head of the household who disciplined the children B. Moral guardians for the husband and children C. Political activist D. Equal partners in business ventures E. Leaders in educational management 3. Which of the following was part of the classical liberal agenda? A. Constitutional government B. Promoting education and literacy C. Expansion of suffrage D. Guarantees of basic human rights E. All of the above 4. To mollify the workers of Germany, Bismarck initiated a policy known as A. republican reform B. middle-class relief C. Marxist compromise D. state socialism E. conservative progress 5. Even after the creation of the dual monarchy in 1867, Austria continued to experience A. ethnic solidarity B. Slavic domination of the Imperial Parliament C. political fragmentation along nationalistic and cultural lines D. socialist challenges to traditional authority E. an economic malaise 6. Violent radicals who believed in no governmental power or regulations were called A. anarchists B. plebeians C. progressives D. fascists E. moderates 7. The application of Darwins zoological theories to the world of politics became known as A. cultural Darwinism B. the law of the masses C. political selection D. survival of the inept E. social Darwinism 8. Which of the following is the additional dimension suggested by Einsteins new theory of relativity? A. Depth in perspective

B. Linear distance C. Space-time D. Measured curvature E. Atomic mass 9. Which of the following social sciences were becoming more popular within academic study in the early twentieth century? A. History and political science B. Psychology and sociology C. Economics and rhetoric D. Polemics and forensics E. Calculus and geography 10. Traditional art was challenged prior to 1914 by new experimental techniques such as A. neorealism B. postmodernist approaches C. the New Academy D. impressionism and the avant-garde E. neoclassicism 11. Which of the following changes in mass ethnic prejudice was observable in the late nineteenth century? A. Discrimination and prejudice were increasingly expressed in racial and political terms B. Minorities were protected against discrimination by governments C. Churches spoke out against racism D. Constitutions were amended to prevent public and private racism E. Ethnic groups avoided controversy to avoid attention 12. Which of the following was an aspect of nineteenth-century romanticism in Europe? A. The virtues of the hero-artist were extolled B. Art was viewed as an illumination of the world within C. The uniqueness of the individual was promoted D. The motional impact of art was emphasized E. all of the above 13. The Zionist movement gathered strength in the late nineteenth century as A. Christians became more tolerant of religious minorities B. the Ottoman Empire welcomed outside groups to settle in the Middle East C. the Dreyfus affair resolved discrimination issues in France D. Jews began to consider a homeland for themselves, separate from Europe E. imperialism offered opportunities in foreign investments 14. Which of the following revealed the political fragility of the Russian Empire by 1910? A. The collapse of old alliances with France and Italy B. War victories in Asia C. Popular revolts against the Russian police state D. Mass immigration to the Americas E. The success of Marxist revolutionaries 15. Revolutionary socialism threatened which of the following classes in Europe prior to 1914? A. The middle-class intelligentsia B. Professional elites C. Urban workers D. Rural peasants

E. Conservative aristocrats 16. Migration out of Europe reached its apex in which of the following decades? A. 1870-1880 B. 1900-1910 C. 1890-1900 D. 1910-1920 E. 1860-1870 17. Which of the following regions in Europe was the most politically unstable prior to 1914? A. Scandinavia B. The Low Countries C. The Balkans D. The Iberian peninsula E. The British Isles 18. Which of the following nations had surpassed Great Britain in terms of industrial production by 1910? A. Austria and Russia B. Norway and Sweden C. Germany and the united States D. France and Holland E. Italy and Japan 19. Which of the following statements best expresses European motives for imperialism prior to 1914? A. World peace would be enhanced by overseas possessions B. Imperialism would help spread democracy to the rest of the world C. Europeans were altruistic and wanted to help other people D. New living space was needed to relieve the growing homeless population E. Colonies were an economic benefit to the mother country 20. Which of the following best describes the geopolitical situation prior to 1914 in Europe? A. Great Britain was in decline, and this decline inspired aggression in Central Europe B. Russia and France were on the brink of war over the Balkans C. War in Asia was draining the resources of some European powers D. The rise of Germany and the decline of the Ottoman Empire were changing the power relationships within Europe E. Revolts in Africa were causing the collapse of European imperialism 21. A significant reason for the instability that led to World War I in 1914 was the rise of A. Spain as a military force in Europe B. Germany as a rival power to Great Britain in Europe C. Russia as a new European empire D. Great Britain as a military aggressor E. Italy as an imperial power 22. Which of the following was the immediate cause of World War I (1914-1918)? A. A Serbian nationalist assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand B. Local tensions in Russia escalated into war C. A treaty between Russia and France angered Germany D. A confrontation between France and Italy in Africa led to fighting E. Germany invaded Belgium in an attempt to increase its territory

23. Which of the following was not a long-term cause of World War I? A. imperialistic competition for foreign territories B. Defensive alliances between European powers C. Military buildup of navies and armies D. Socialistic influences on governments E. Preplanned war movements 24. Which of the following regions was not the site of military battles in World War I? A. The Atlantic Ocean B. Asia C. Africa D. South America E. Europe 25. The military situation during most of World War I can best be described as which of the following? A. Defensive tactics were useless against automatic weapons B. Airplanes played a crucial role in sinning battles C. Brilliant generals commanded on both sides of the conflict D. The Allies moved rapidly and won quick victories E. Both side experienced frustrating stalemate and high casualty rates 26. Which of the following military technologies made their debut in World War I? A. Battleships and automatic rifles B. Rockets and pistols C. Rifle grenades and steel helmets D. Tanks and airplanes E. Mobile cavalry and jeeps 27. How did European nations pay for World War I while the fighting was going on? A. Issuing national bonds B. Borrowing from Asian nations C. Cutting government spending D. Taxing the rich E. Raising poll fees 28. What was the political impact of World War I on party politics in European nations in the beginning of the war? A. Right-wing regimes often took over the governments B. Coalition governments created instability C. Socialists often attacked the decision to go to war D. Parliaments were divided when it came to supporting the fighting E. War patriotism subverted political differences 29. Which of the following best describes the situation of working women during World War I? A. Women took over many managerial positions B. More jobs were available to women but at lower pay than that earned by men C. Working conditions improved markedly for women D. Wages rose and commodities became cheaper E. Households received special allowances for food 30. Which World War I weapon was banned after the war because of its horrible impact on the soldiers? A. High-powered rifles

B. Bayonets C. Automatic machine guns D. Poison gas E. Booby traps 31. Which weapon used by Germans was most effective in its war with Great Britain from 1914 to 1918? A. The machine gun B. The submarine C. The flamethrower D. The goosestep E. The airplane 32. What German military tactics brought the United States into World War I on the side of the Allies? A. Anti-American propaganda B. A letter from the kaiser insulting President Wilson C. German sabotage in New York in early 1917 D. German battleships threatened the US navy at sea E. Unrestricted submarine warfare 33. Which of the following treaties formalized the Russian exit from the war in 1917? A. Versailles B. Coblenz C. Paris D. Brest-Litovsk E. Konstance 34. Which of the following European nations were members of the Big Four at the Versailles Peace Conference in 1919? A. Belgium, France, and Holland B. Norway, Switzerland, and Germany C. Spain, Great Britain, and Austria D. France, Great Britain, and Italy E. italy, Poland, and Denmark 35. In Russian history, the term soviet means which of the following? A. The Russian parliament B. A council of local workers C. A socialist party that took over the government D. The Red Army E. The Provisional Assembly 36. The Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 succeeded because A. Lenin was arrested by the Mensheviks B. the military situation at the front started to improve for Russia C. the Allies were in support of the takeover D. it was supported by certain members of the aristocracy E. core revolutionaries were disciplined and opportunistic 37. The Allies intervened in the Russian civil war after 1917 because they A. feared for the life of the tsars family B. were anxious that Russian ports might fall to the Germans C. did not think the Bolsheviks were democratic

D. wanted to protect foreign investments in Russia E. suspected Lenin would join the Germans against them 38. Lenins New Economic Policy (NEP) was created in 1921 to A. placate farmers and allow some capitalistic activity B. allow some heavy industry to be privatized C. concede victory to the Whites D. disallow market incentives in the soviet economy E. encourage trade with western Europe 39. The death of Lenin in 1924 led to which of the following outcomes in the Soviet Union? A. A power struggle ensued, which led to the dictatorship of Stalin B. Democracy was encouraged in the worker soviets C. Alliances with the Allies became possible D. The NEP was institutionalized in Russia E. Trotsky was named Lenins successor 40. Which of the following long-term effects resulted from World War I in Europe? A. Long-term economic prosperity was enhanced B. The monarchy was affirmed and conservatives became more powerful C. The traditional balance of power was destroyed and a new political order was established D. Prewar borders were respected E. nationalism was downplayed in politics 41. The main liberal agenda of the Versailles Peace Conference was A. punishing Germany for starting the war B. marginalizing Russia for leaving the war so early C. land reform for all of Europe D. self-determination for peoples around the world E. a new domination of Europe by Italy 42. What was the League of Nations supposed to achieve for Europe? A. Enhanced economic relations B. Continental control by France C. Tax revenue for Switzerland D. An economic boost for Germany and Russia E. Collective security for peace-loving nations 43. Which of the following was not a cause of the Russian Revolution of 1917? A. A long war had exhausted the military B. The death of the tsar weakened the government C. Germans helped Lenin return to Russia D. Charismatic leadership was spurred on by the radical revolutionaries E. Widespread famine destabilized the nation 44. Britain maintained a protectorate in Egypt primarily to A. oversee the gold mines there B. guard the Suez Canal C. steal antiquities for the British Museum D. sponsor democracy in the region E. thwart Spanish interest in the area 45. Which of the following is not a reason for Allied victory in 1918? A. Mutinies took place in the German navy

B. Germany went back to unrestricted submarine tactics in the North Atlantic C. American troops were bolstering the Allied army D. Russia stopped fighting after the 1917 revolution E. The long war had exhausted Germany and Austria 46. The 1920s were seen as the heroic age of physics because of the discovery of A. radium as chemical element B. subatomic particles, such as neutrons C. Newtonian principles D. the theory of relativity E. existential science 47. Twentieth-century literature responded to totalitarianism with dystopic novels such as A. All Quit on the Western Front B. Whos Afraid of Virginia Wolf? C. The Great Gatsby D. Brave New World E. Pride and Prejudice 48. Which of the following were successor states to the Austro-Hungarian empire after 1919? A. Yugoslavia and Dalmatia B. Czechoslovakia and Romania C. Albania and Turkey D. Corsica and Serbia E. Bulgaria and Moldova 49. The artistic movement of Dadaism in the 1920s featured A. surreal depictions of wild dreams B. pointilistic landscapes C. absurdist and outrageous satire D. soft and romantic still life E. Gothic images of life 50. In the 1920s, broadcast media was dominated by which of the following technologies? A. Satellite feeds B. Television C. Motion pictures D. Radio E. Telegraph shows