S.R.

LUTHARA INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT

ASSIGNMENT

OF

MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM ON WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES:- WIFI & BLUETOOTH

SUBMITTED TO: ESHA PANDYA

SUBMITTED BY: SALAHUDDIN SAIYED(31) JITHIN PONATHIL (35)

GROUP NO:- 8

INDEX
1.

Wireless Technologies............................. ...3 Wifi..

..4-8 2.1. wifi

2.

.4 2.2. History .4 2.3. Uses. .5 2.4. Advantages ....7 2.5. Disadvantages ..8
3.

Bluetooth ...9-12
3.1. Bluetooth

.9 3.2. History ..9 3.3. List of application ..10 3.4. Advantages .11 3.5. Disadvantages ..12
4.

Bluetooth

VS

Wifi.....13
5.

Bibliography ..14

WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES
Wireless is a term used to describe telecommunications in which electromagnetic waves (rather than some form of wire) carry the signal over part or all of the communication path. Some monitoring devices, such as intrusion alarms, employ acoustic waves at frequencies above the range of human hearing; these are also sometimes classified as wireless. In simple words transformation of data without any wire. The first wireless transmitters went on the air in the early 20th century using radiotelegraphy (Morse code). Later, as modulation made it possible to transmit voices and music via wireless, the medium came to be called "radio." With the advent of television, fax, data communication, and the effective use of a larger portion of the spectrum, the term "wireless" has been resurrected. Common examples of wireless equipment in use today include:

Cellular phones and pagers -- provide connectivity for portable and mobile applications, both personal and business

Global Positioning System (GPS) -- allows drivers of cars and trucks, captains of boats and ships, and pilots of aircraft to ascertain their location anywhere on earth Cordless computer peripherals -- the cordless mouse is a common example; keyboards and printers can also be linked to a computer via wireless Cordless telephone sets -- these are limited-range devices, not to be confused with cell phones Home-entertainment-system control boxes -- the VCR control and the TV channel control are the most common examples; Wifi Bluetooth

WIFI
Wi-Fi is a mechanism that allows electronic devices to exchange data wirelessly over a computer network. A device enabled with Wi-Fi, such as a personal computer, video game console, smartphone, tablet, or digital audio player, can connect to a network resource such as the Internet via a wireless network access point. An access point (or hotspot) has a range of about 20 meters (65 ft) indoors and a greater range outdoors. Hotspot coverage can comprise an area as small as a single room with walls that block radio signals or a large area, as much as many square miles, covered by multiple overlapping access points. "Wi-Fi" is a trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance and the brand name for products using the IEEE 802.11 family of standards. Only Wi-Fi products that complete Wi-Fi Alliance interoperabilitycertification testing successfully may use the "Wi-Fi CERTIFIED" designation and trademark. Wi-Fi has had a checkered security history. Its earliest encryption system, WEP, proved easy to break. Much higher quality protocols, WPA and WPA2, were added later. However, an optional feature added in 2007, called Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS), has a flaw that allows a remote attacker to recover the router's WPA or WPA2 password in a few hours on most

implementations.[1] Some manufacturers have recommended turning off the WPS feature. The Wi-Fi Alliance has since updated its test plan and certification program to ensure all newlycertified devices resist brute-force AP PIN attacks.

HISTORY
802.11 technology has its origins in a 1985 ruling by the US Federal Communications Commission that released the ISM band for unlicensed use. In 1991 NCR Corporation with AT&T invented the precursor to 802.11 intended for use in cashier systems. The first wireless products were under the name WaveLAN. Vic Hayes has been called the "father of Wi-Fi". He was involved in designing the initial standards within the IEEE. In 1992 and 1996, Australian organisation the CSIRO obtained patents for a method later used in Wi-Fi to "unsmear" the signal. In April 2009, 14 tech companies agreed to pay CSIRO for infringements on the CSIRO patents. This lead to WiFi being attributed as anAustralian invention. In 1999, the Wi-Fi Alliance was formed as a trade association to hold the Wi-Fi trademark under which most products are sold.

USES
To connect to a Wi-Fi LAN, a computer has to be equipped with a wireless network interface controller. The combination of computer and interface controller is called a station. All stations share a single radio frequency communication channel. Transmissions on this channel are received by all stations within range. The hardware does not signal the user that the transmission was delivered and is therefore called a best-effort delivery mechanism. A carrier wave is used to transmit the data in packets, referred to as "Ethernet frames". Each station is constantly tuned in on the radio frequency communication channel to pick up available transmissions.
1)

Internet access

A Wi-Fi-enabled device can connect to the Internet when within range of a wireless network connected to the Internet. The coverage of one or more (interconnected) access pointscalled hotspotscomprises an area as small as a few rooms or as large as many square miles. Coverage in the larger area may depend on a group of access points with

overlapping coverage. Outdoor public Wi-Fi technology has been used successfully in wireless mesh networks in London, UK. Wi-Fi provides service in private homes, high street chains and independent businesses, as well as in public spaces at Wi-Fi hotspots set up either free-of-charge or commercially. Organizations and businesses, such as airports, hotels, and restaurants, often provide free-use hotspots to attract customers. Enthusiasts or authorities who wish to provide services or even to promote business in selected areas sometimes provide free Wi-Fi access. Routers that incorporate a digital subscriber line modem or a cable modem and a Wi-Fi access point, often set up in homes and other buildings, provide Internet access and internetworking to all devices tuned into them, wirelessly or via cable. With the emergence of MiFi andWiBro (a portable Wi-Fi router) people can easily create their own Wi-Fi hotspots that connect to Internet via cellular networks. Now Android,Bada, iOS (iPhone), and Symbian devices can create wireless connections. One can also connect Wi-Fi devices in ad-hoc mode for client-to-client connections without a router. Wi-Fi also connects places that normally don't have network access, such as kitchens and garden sheds.

2) City-wide Wi-Fi In the early 2000s, many cities around the world announced plans to construct city-wide WiFi networks. There are many successful examples; in 2005 Sunnyvale, California, became the first city in the United States to offer city-wide free Wi-Fi,] and Minneapolis has generated $1.2 million in profit annually for its provider. In 2004, Mysore became India's first Wi-fi-enabled city and second in the world after Jerusalem. A company called WiFiyNet has set up hotspots in Mysore, covering the complete city and a few nearby villages.

In May 2010, London, UK, Mayor Boris Johnson pledged to have London-wide Wi-Fi by 2012. Several boroughs including Westminster and Islington already have extensive outdoor Wi-Fi coverage. 3) Campus-wide Wi-Fi Many traditional college campuses provide at least partial wireless Wi-Fi Internet coverage. Carnegie Mellon University built the first campus-wide wireless Internet network, called Wireless Andrew at its Pittsburgh campus in 1993 before Wi-Fi branding originated. In 2000, Drexel University in Philadelphia became the United States's first major university to offer completely wireless Internet access across its entire campus.
4)

Direct computer-to-computer communications

Wi-Fi also allows communications directly from one computer to another without an access point intermediary. This is called ad hoc Wi-Fi transmission. This wireless ad hoc network mode has proven popular with multiplayer handheld game consoles, such as the Nintendo DS,digital cameras, and other consumer electronics devices. Similarly, the Wi-Fi Alliance promotes a specification called Wi-Fi Direct for file transfers and media sharing through a new discovery- and security-methodology. Wi-Fi Direct launched in October 2010. Some devices can also share their Internet connection using ad-hoc, becoming hotspots or "virtual routers".

Advantages & Disadvantages of Bluetooth Advantage

The popularity of wireless LANs is a due to their convenience, cost efficiency, and ease of integration with other networks and network components. The majority of computers sold to consumers today come pre-equipped with all necessary wireless LAN technology. Convenience The wireless nature of such networks allows users to access network resources from nearly any convenient location within their primary networking environment (a home or office). With the increasing saturation of laptop-style computers, this is particularly relevant. Mobility With the emergence of public wireless networks, users can access the internet even outside their normal work environment. Most chain coffee shops, for example, offer their customers a wireless connection to the internet at little or no cost. Productivity Users connected to a wireless network can maintain a nearly constant affiliation with their desired network as they move from place to place. For a business, this implies that an employee can potentially be more productive as his or her work can be accomplished from any convenient location. Deployment Initial setup of an infrastructure-based wireless network requires little more than a single access point. Wired networks, on the other hand, have the additional cost and complexity of actual physical cables being run to numerous locations (which can even be impossible for hard-to-reach locations within a building). Expandability Wireless networks can serve a suddenly-increased number of clients with the existing equipment. In a wired network, additional clients would require additional wiring. Cost Wireless networking hardware is at worst a modest increase from wired counterparts. This potentially increased cost is almost always more than outweighed by the savings in cost and labor associated to running physical cables.

Disadvantages

For a given networking situation, wireless LANs may not be desirable for a number of reasons. Most of these have to do with the inherent limitations of the technology. Security To combat this consideration, wireless networks may choose to utilize some of the various encryption technologies available. Some of the more commonly utilized encryption methods, however, are known to have weaknesses that a dedicated adversary can compromise. Range The typical range of a common 802.11g network with standard equipment is on the order of tens of meters. While sufficient for a typical home, it will be insufficient in a larger structure. To obtain additional range, repeaters or additional access points will have to be purchased. Costs for these items can add up quickly. Reliability Like any radio frequency transmission, wireless networking signals are subject to a wide variety of interference, as well as complex propagation effects that are beyond the control of the network administrator. Speed The speed on most wireless networks (typically 1-54 Mbps) is far slower than even the slowest common wired networks (100Mbps up to several Gbps). However, in specialized environments, wired network might be necessary.

BLUETOOTH
Bluetooth is a proprietary open wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances from fixed and mobile devices, creating personal area networks (PANs) with high levels of security. Created by telecoms vendor Ericsson in 1994, it was originally conceived as a wireless alternative to RS-232data cables. It can connect several devices, overcoming problems of synchronization. Bluetooth is managed by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG), which has more than 15,000 member companies in the areas of telecommunication, computing, networking, and consumer electronics. The SIG oversees the development of the specification, manages the qualification program, and protects the trademarks. To be marketed as a Bluetooth device, it must be qualified to standards defined by the SIG. A network of patents is required to implement the technology and are only licensed to those qualifying devices; thus the protocol, whilst open, may be regarded as proprietary

Bluetooth Technology Over the Years 1998 - Bluetooth technology is officially introduced and the Bluetooth SIG is formed. Bluetooth technology's intended basic purpose is to be a wire replacement technology in order to rapidly transfer voice and data. 1999 - Bluetooth 1.0 Specification is introduced. 2003 - The Bluetooth SIG overhauls the Bluetooth Core Specification with the announcement of Version 2.1. 2004 - Bluetooth Version 2.0 + EDR (Enhanced Data Rate) is introduced. 2005 - Devices using Version 2.0 + EDR begin to hit the market in late 2005. 2007 - Bluetooth Core Specification Version 2.1 + EDR is adopted by the Bluetooth SIG. 2009 - Bluetooth Core Specification Version 3.0 + HS (High Speed) is adopted by the Bluetooth SIG.

10

List of applications

A typical Bluetooth mobile phone headset.

Wireless control of and communication between a mobile phone and a handsfreeheadset. This was one of the earliest applications to become popular. Wireless control of and communication between a mobile phone and a Bluetooth compatible car stereo system Wireless Bluetooth headset and Intercom.

Wireless networking between PCs in a confined space and where little bandwidth is required.

Wireless communication with PC input and output devices, the most common being themouse, keyboard and printer. Transfer of files, contact details, calendar appointments, and reminders between devices with OBEX. Replacement of previous wired RS-232 serial communications in test equipment, GPS receivers, medical equipment, bar code scanners, and traffic control devices. For controls where infrared was often used. For low bandwidth applications where higher USB bandwidth is not required and cablefree connection desired.

Sending small advertisements from Bluetooth-enabled advertising hoardings to other, discoverable, Bluetooth devices.

Wireless bridge between two Industrial Ethernet (e.g., PROFINET) networks. Three seventh-generation game consoles, Nintendo's Wii and Sony's PlayStation 3 and PSP Go, use Bluetooth for their respective wireless controllers.

11

 Dial-up internet access on personal computers or PDAs using a data-capable mobile phone as a wireless modem.

Short range transmission of health sensor data from medical devices to mobile phone, set-top box or dedicated telehealth devices. Allowing a DECT phone to ring and answer calls on behalf of a nearby cell phone

Real-time location systems (RTLS), are used to track and identify the location of objects in real-time using Nodes or tags attached to, or embedded in the objects tracked, and Readers that receive and process the wireless signals from these tags to determine their locations Personal security application on mobile phones for prevention of theft or loss of items. The protected item has a Bluetooth marker (e.g. a tag) that is in constant communication with the phone. If the connection is broken (the marker is out of range of the phone) then an alarm is raised. This can also be used as a man overboard alarm. A product using this technology has been available since 2009.

Advantages & Disadvantages of Bluetooth

While using the Bluetooth feature, you can run through a lot of advantages to and at the same time and run to a lot of disadvantages also. With about every great technology, there has to be something in there that makes it not perfect. There's probably no such thing of a perfect product. A few advantages and disadvantages of Bluetooth includes the following. Advantages: Widely Used: Bluetooth is now really popular and keeps getting more popular as time passes by. It is now widely used across countries and almost by everyone. Companies are taking the benefit by using this in their new and future products to make life much easier for everyone. Pretty much very soon, you will be noticing quite a bit of technology will be wireless due to Bluetooth. As it is already, but most likely it will be more dominant. You can use Bluetooth on laptops, cell phones, music players, headsets, printers and a lot more other products. Feature Simplicity: You do not need to know much about technology in order to run Bluetooth. Anyone that doesn't have no knowledge about the new technology can still be able to use the Bluetooth feature due to its simplicity and the ease of use. I think that the simplicity of it and the fact that it's wire free makes it very widely used and utmost popular. Free of Charge: Best of all, you do not have to pay a penny for the service! It's not an extra cell phone or cable bill that you have to add to your budget. Simply by the technology and you're done! All you need to do is connect it with what you are using. There hasn't been any reporting lately on companies charging a monthly fee or any fee for people to use the

12

Bluetooth feature and I don't expect it. Go Wireless!: It allows you to stay cord free and do not have to worry about finding the correct place to connect that extra long cord. Avoid having to have a ton of cords wherever you go. You may still need a few cords but not as much as you would without Bluetooth. You can also go to the internet wirelessly with this feature when you're out somewhere outside of yourhome.

Your in Control: Even though you are able to exchange data across your cell phones, you still have the ability to keep your information private. In order to make a transfer or allow someone to access the files on your phone, you will have to give them access by accepting or rejecting the request through your phone. If you have the Bluetooth feature enabled on your phone and not disabled while using it, others that you may not even know request to send you a file. Disadvantages: Battery Use: This occurs mostly on your cell phone but also occurs in other technology such as music players. You're using up more battery power when you leave your Bluetooth enabled on your phone all day. To disregard all this, the best thing that you can possibly do is disable it once you are completed with the transfer. It only takes a few seconds to enable and disable so it wouldn't hurt to disable it once you are done using it. Bluetooth Internet: Throughout all devices, when using Bluetooth internet, the connection can sometimes run very slow so Bluetooth internet is not highly suggested for all cases. As you can notice that there are quite a bit of advantages and fewer disadvantages. Overall, Bluetooth is a great thing to be using on all your devices that supports it. You can do so much with it and includes cutting all the cords attached to your devices.

13

Bluetooth vs. Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11)

Bluetooth and Wi-Fi (the brand name for products using IEEE 802.11 standards) have some similar applications: setting up networks, printing, or transferring files. Wi-Fi is intended as a replacement for cabling for general local area network access in work areas. This category of applications is sometimes called wireless local area networks (WLAN). Bluetooth was intended for portable equipment and its applications. The category of applications is outlined as the wireless personal area network (WPAN). Bluetooth is a replacement for cabling in a variety of personally carried applications in any setting and can also support fixed location applications such as smart energy functionality in the home (thermostats, etc.).

Wi-Fi is a wireless version of a common wired Ethernet network, and requires configuration to set up shared resources, transmit files, and to set up audio links (for example, headsets and hands-free devices). Wi-Fi uses the same radio frequencies as Bluetooth, but with higher power, resulting in higher bit rates and better range from the base station. The nearest equivalents in Bluetooth are the DUN profile, which allows devices to act as modem interfaces, and the PAN profile, which allows for ad-hoc networking

14

Bibliography
http://www.wifinotes.com/ http://www.articleclick.com http://ipoint-tech.com/ http://www.bluetomorrow.com/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluetooth http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fi

15