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Archive for the Computer GK Category

Computer GK-QUiZ Based on Information Technology


Posted by admin On December - 24 - 2011
1. “Stored Program Concept” postulated by:
Ans. John von neumann
2. Founder of the social networking website ‘Facebook’:
Ans. Mark Elliot Zuckerberg
3. Name associated with Open Source Program:
Ans. Richard Stallman
4. The main routes that data travels over the internet is called:
Ans. Internet backbone
5. An IT term refers to allowing someone to open web pages and see web sites on the internet.
Ans. Web Surfing
6. An internet protocol that allows quick file tarnsmission to remote computers is know as:
Ans. FTP
7. Protocol used to temporarily store new messages in your mailbox on an e-mail server is known as:
Ans. POP
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8.Company which maintains internet computers and telecommunications equipment in order to provide
internet access to businesses, organizations and individuals is called:
Ans. Internet Service Provider
9. The device that protects all computers in the network from many attacks is called:
Ans. Firewall
10. Free telephone style conversations to travel over the internet to virtually anywhere in the world is
known as:
Ans. Internet Telephony
Computer GK, Computer Related GK, GK Club

History of Computers
Posted by admin On June - 9 - 2011

ENIAC( Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer) was the first general-purpose electronic
computer. It was a Turing-complete digital computer capable of being reprogrammed to solve a full range
of computing problems.]

ENIAC was designed to calculate artillery firing tables for the United States Army’s Ballistic Research
Laboratory. When ENIAC was announced in 1946 it was heralded in the press as a “Giant Brain”. It
boasted speeds one thousand times faster than electro-mechanical machines, a leap in computing power
that no single machine has since matched. This mathematical power, coupled with general-purpose
programmability, excited scientists and industrialists. The inventors promoted the spread of these new
ideas by teaching a series of lectures on computer architecture.

The ENIAC’s design and construction was financed by the United States Army during World War II. The
construction contract was signed on June 5, 1943, and work on the computer began in secret by the
University of Pennsylvania’s Moore School of Electrical Engineering starting the following month under
the code name “Project PX”. The completed machine was announced to the public the evening of February
14, 1946 and formally dedicated the next day at the University of Pennsylvania, having cost almost
$500,000 (nearly $6 million in 2010, adjusted for inflation). It was formally accepted by the U.S. Army
Ordnance Corps in July 1946. ENIAC was shut down on November 9, 1946 for a refurbishment and a
memory upgrade, and was transferred to Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland in 1947. There, on July 29,
1947, it was turned on and was in continuous operation until 11:45 p.m. on October 2, 1955.

ENIAC was conceived and designed by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert of the University of
Pennsylvania.[9] The team of design engineers assisting the development included Robert F. Shaw
(function tables), Chuan Chu (divider/square-rooter), Thomas Kite Sharpless (master programmer),
Arthur Burks (multiplier), Harry Huskey (reader/printer) and Jack Davis (accumulators).

Computer History Computer History Computer History


Year/Enter Inventors/Inventions Description of Event

Konrad Zuse – Z1
1936 First freely programmable computer.
Computer

John Atanasoff & Clifford


Berry Who was first in the computing biz is not
1942
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ABC Computer always as easy as ABC.


Howard Aiken & Grace
Hopper
1944 The Harvard Mark 1 computer.
Harvard Mark I
Computer
John Presper Eckert & John
1946 W. Mauchly 20,000 vacuum tubes later…
ENIAC 1 Computer
Frederic Williams & Tom
Kilburn
Baby and the Williams Tube turn on the
1948 Manchester Baby
memories.
Computer & The
Williams Tube
John Bardeen, Walter No, a transistor is not a computer, but this
1947/48 Brattain & Wiliam Shockley invention greatly affected the history of
The Transistor computers.
John Presper Eckert & John
First commercial computer & able to pick
1951 W. Mauchly
presidential winners.
UNIVAC Computer
International Business
Machines IBM enters into The History of
1953
IBM 701 EDPM Computers .
Computer
John Backus & IBM
The first successful high level programming
1954 FORTRAN Computer
language.
Programming Language
Stanford Research Institute,
The first bank industry computer – also
1955 Bank of America, and
MICR (magnetic ink character recognition)
(In Use 1959) General Electric
for reading checks.
ERMA and MICR

Jack Kilby & Robert Noyce


1958 Otherwise known as ‘The Chip’
The Integrated Circuit

Steve Russell & MIT


1962 Spacewar Computer The first computer game invented.
Game
Douglas Engelbart
Nicknamed the mouse because the tail
1964 Computer Mouse &
came out the end.
Windows

1969 ARPAnet The original Internet.

Intel 1103 Computer The world’s first available dynamic RAM


1970 Memory chip.
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Faggin, Hoff & Mazor


1971 Intel 4004 Computer The first microprocessor.
Microprocessor

Alan Shugart &IBM


1971 Nicknamed the “Floppy” for its flexibility.
The “Floppy” Disk

Robert Metcalfe & Xerox


1973 The Ethernet Computer Networking.
Networking

Scelbi & Mark-8 Altair &


1974/75 The first consumer computers.
IBM 5100 Computers

Apple I, II & TRS-80 &


1976/77 Commodore Pet More first consumer computers.
Computers
Dan Bricklin & Bob
Frankston Any product that pays for itself in two
1978
VisiCalc Spreadsheet weeks is a surefire winner.
Software
Seymour Rubenstein & Rob
1979 Barnaby Word Processors.
WordStar Software
IBM
From an “Acorn” grows a personal
1981 The IBM PC – Home
computer revolution
Computer
Microsoft
From “Quick And Dirty” comes the
1981 MS-DOS Computer
operating system of the century.
Operating System

The first home computer with a GUI,


1983 Apple Lisa Computer
graphical user interface.

Apple Macintosh The more affordable home computer with a


1984
Computer GUI.

Microsoft begins the friendly war with


1985 Microsoft Windows
Apple.

Computer GK, Computer Related GK, Cyber World, Discoveries and Inventions

2nd generation Processors from Intel for visibly smart


performance
Posted by admin On April - 18 - 2011

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The 2nd generation Intel® Core™ processor family brings visibly


smart performance to your business PCs—delivering benefits you can
readily see and appreciate. Users can be more productive. PCs and
laptops can be better protected. Your operation can be a smooth-
running machine. Clearly, 2nd generation Intel Core processors are
the smart choice for business.

Intelligence runs in the family


Smart performance is a trait of every member of the 2nd generation
Intel Core processor family. That’s because every 2nd generation Intel
Core processor features remarkably intelligent technologies. Examples?

Intel® Turbo Boost Technology 2.0 automatically dials up the processor clock speed when
demanding tasks require additional power, then dials down to save energy whenever possible.¹
Intel® Hyper-Threading Technology (Intel® HT Technology) and other innovative Intel®
technologies enable four-way (or eight-way) processing that makes multi-tasking between business
applications quick and effortless.

And smart performance is literally on display in 2nd generation Intel® Core™ processors, as they offer
stunning visual performance due to built-in visuals . There’s no need for dedicated graphics cards (or the
added cost and power requirements that come with them).

Greater performance enables seamless security


Security shouldn’t get in the way of user productivity. And that’s another reason why the exceptional
performance of 2nd generation Intel Core processors is so important. It enables security applications and
protocols to run efficiently and unobtrusively in the background. In many cases, users won’t even know
their PCs are actively being secured. And that’s the way it should be.

New PCs for Your New Compute Environment


IT is changing at warp speed, and PCs must keep pace. That’s why 2nd generation Intel® Core™
processors bring smart performance and new capabilities to secure mobility, online rich media, and
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business operations optimization.

Computer GK, Computer Related GK

Computer Knowledge Question and Answer Series Continues


Posted by admin On March - 17 - 2011

1. The port number used by SMTP is:

25

2. A packet filter is a type of

Firewall

3. Which among the following utilities can detect a bad sector?

CHKDSK and SCANDISK

4. In 100BASE-T, ‘T’ stands for:

Twisted pair

5. A head crash is said to occur when the read-write head of a hard disk drive:

Touches the magnetic media

6. Category 5 cable includes —twisted pairs in a single cable jacket.

7. The port number used by the HTTP protocol is

80

8. In PowerPoint presentations, individual pages are called:

Slides

9. _________ is a powder used in laser printers to form the images on a paper.

Toner

10. Worms and Trojan Horses are examples of:

Malware

11. ___________ Printers work by selectively heating regions of special heat-sensitive paper.

Thermal
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12.The ISI mark is given by:

BIS

13. The laser printer was invented at:

Xerox

14. A flaw in a system whereby the output is unexpectedly dependent on the sequence or timing of other
events is called a:

Race condition

15. A 56k modem can transfer data at up to bits per second over the phone line.

56000

16. The original implementation of the C programming language was standardized by :

ANSI

17. ________Is a signaling method that handles a relatively wide range of frequencies.

Broadband

18. Power-on-self-test is built into the:

BIOS

19. PowerPoint can embed content from other applications through:

OLE

20. The latest release of Microsoft Windows is called:

Vista

21. GRUB is an:

Boot loader

22. __________Is a family of programmable interrupt controller chips.

8259

23.card allows television signals to be received by a computer.

TV tuner

24. ________Is an IEEE 1394 implementation.

Fire Wire
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25 ‘Windows protection error’ messages may result from:

Damage to the system registry

26 Sound Blaster line of audio cards were made by :

Creative Technology Ltd.

27 Indiscriminate sending of unsolicited bulk messages is known as :

Spamming.

28. The ‘blue screen of death’ may occur due to:

All the above

29. FAT manages files in contiguous groups of sectors called:

Clusters

30. The utility which can be used to clean the windows registry is:

regedit

Computer GK, Computer Related GK

Computer GK Series-Computer General Knowledge for Exams


Posted by admin On March - 13 - 2011

Who is credited with the creation of WWW


Answer : Tim Berners-Lee

Which of the following is not a web browser


Answer :HTML

MIME is associated with the following


Answer :E mail

The mode of communication in which transmission can be bidirectional. But in only one direction at a
time is called
Answer :Half Duplex

Error detection at the data link layer is achieved using


Answer :CRC codes

In Serial communication, start and stop bits are used for


Answer :Synchronization

In a transmitter, the unmodulated signal is known as

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Answer :Baseband signal

In a computer network, routing issues are handled in


Answer :Network Layer

In a computer network, functions of dialog management and synchronization are taken care of in the
Answer :Session’s layer

Which of the following topologies has the highest reliability


Answer :Mesh

In data communications, bauds signify ———- rate


Answer :Signaling

ADSL is abbreviation for


Answer :Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line

The topmost layer in the ISO model that needs to be implemented in an intermediate node is the ———–
layer

Answer :Network

VPN denotes a

Answer :Virtual Private Network

Data rate of a ring network is 20Mbps and signal propagates at 200m/µsec. The number of bits that can be
placed on the channel of length 200km is

Answer :20000bits

The frequency range over which coaxial cables are typically used is

Answer :106 to 108 Hz

In internet, the well known port 21 refers to the application

Answer :FTP

The maximum data rate possible through a noise free 4 kHz binary channel is

Answer :8000 bps

The transparency provided in a distributed system where users cannot tell how many copies of a resource
exist is termed as

Answer :Replication transparency

Which of the following configurations can be said to be tightly coupled

Answer :Shared memory multiprocessors

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In distributed systems, RPC stands for

Answer :Remote Procedure Call

Assume there are 4 file servers each with a 0.95 chance of being up at any instant. Probability of at least
one being available is

Answer :1-(.05)4

Which of the following category of classification of multiple computer systems is not generally used in
practice

Answer :MISD

. In a distributed system, to ensure that concurrent transactions do not interfere with each other, the
transactions must have the following specific property

Answer :Serializability

Translation Lookaside Buffer(TLB) is also called

Answer :Associative Memory

In Internet Standards Terminology, RFC refers to

Answer :Request For Comments

. Which of the following denotes a network management protocol in an internet

Answer :SNMP

IEEE 802.11 is an IEEE standard for

Answer :Wireless LAN

Computer GK

How to Get GK bytes via SMS to your Mobile?


Posted by admin On March - 7 - 2011

GeneralKnowledgeToday.com Presents Daily Gk SMS Program

Get GK and Current affairs Via SMS to your Mobile /Receive GK Bytes daily by SMS on your Mobile

To receive Daily FREE GK SMS Alerts, sms SUB GKCURRENTAFFAIRS

Sub (space) GKCURRENTAFFAIRS to 9870807070

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Computer GK, News and Announcements

Computer Awareness-Computer Knowledge Question Series


Posted by admin On December - 22 - 2010
1. A group of attribute/field in a database is known as a______.

a) Record b) File c) Database d) Entry e) None

2. A ______ describe a category of information in a table of database.

a) Record b) File c) Entry d) Field e) None


3. A goal of data mining includes which of the following?

a) To confirm that data exists

b) To create a new data warehouse

c) To analyze data for expected relationships

d) To explain some observed event or condition

e) None of the above

4. The correct hierarchical order, smallest to largest, for the following database terms is:

a) File, Field, Record, Database

b) File, Record, Field, Database

c) Record, Field, File, Database

d) Field, Record, File, Database

e) None of the above

5. In RDBMS , DBA is responsible for:

a) Physical database design

b) Defining conceptual models and schema

c) Defining security and integrity rules

d) Defining backup and recovery mechanisms

e) All the above

6. When data changes in multiple lists and all lists are not updated, this causes _______.

a) Duplicate data

b) Data redundancy

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c) Data inconsistency

d) Information overload

e) None

7. Which of the following programming method is used to minimize data errors when data

is transferred over a network?

a) Checksum b) Checkbit c) Cryptography d) Encryption e) None

8. Which device act as a traffic cop over a network?

a) Modem b) Hub c) Switch d) Router e) None

9. How many layers are present in Open System Interconnection (OSI) model of network

architecture?

a) Five b) Six c) Seven d) Eight e) None of these


10. Which layer of OSI model, firstly make use of unit of data called “Packet”?

a) Datalink Layer

b) Transport Layer

c) Network Layer

d) Presentation Layer

e) None

11. Communication between computers is established, maintained and terminated by _____ .

a) Network Layer

b) Session Layer

c) Application Layer

d) Presentation Layer

e) None

12. Which term identifies a specific computer on the web and the main page of the entire

site?

a) URL b) Hyperlink c) Web site address d) Domain name e) None of these

13. The place where data or information is stored for a short time is

a) Memory b) Control Unit c) Buffer d) ALU e) None

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14. The section of CPU which selects, interprets and sees to the execution of program

instructions?

a) ALU b) Control Unit c) Register Unit d) Processing Unit e) None

15. Which program is used to convert assembly language to machine language?

a) Compiler b) Interpreter c) Linker d) Assembler e) None

16. The process of finding errors in software’s source code

a) Debugging b) Compiling c) Testing d) Running e) None

17. A computer programmer

a) can draw only flowchart

b) can enter data quickly

c) does all the thinking for a computer

d) can operate all type of computer equipment

e) None

18. Primary Memory of a personal computer consists of

a) RAM only

b) ROM only

c) Hard Disk only

d) Both (a) and (b)

e) All (a), (b), and (c)

19. A Trojan horse is

a) An ad ware program

b) A virus disguised as a useful program.

c) A program that blows up every time you use it

d) A spy ware which steal information over internet

e) None

20. Which one of the following is not true?

a) HTTP Protocol is used to view a web page in a browser

b) Android is Google’s operating system for mobile devices

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c) GHz is the measurement used to determine the speed of processor

d) WAN requires the same technology as LAN

e) All are true

Computer GK, Computer Related GK

CAD and CADD


Posted by admin On November - 25 - 2010

Computer-aided design (CAD), also known as computer-aided design and drafting (CADD), is the
use of computer technology for the process of design and design-documentation. Computer Aided
Drafting describes the process of drafting with a computer.

CADD software, or environments, provide the user with input-tools for the purpose of streamlining
design processes; drafting, documentation, and manufacturing processes. CADD output is often in the
form of electronic files for print or machining operations. The development of CADD-based software is
in direct correlation with the processes it seeks to economize; industry-based software (construction,
manufacturing, etc.) typically uses vector-based (linear) environments whereas graphic-based software
utilizes raster-based (pixelated) environments.

Computer GK, Computer Related GK

Virtual Memory,ROM and RAM


Posted by admin On November - 25 - 2010

Virtual Memory

Virtual Memory is a feature of an operating system that enables a process to use a memory (RAM)
address space that is independent of other processes running in the same system, and use a space that is
larger than the actual amount of RAM present, temporarily relegating some contents from RAM to a disk,
with little or no overhead.

ROM

ROM – Read-only memory: On ROM, data is prerecorded for read only which can not be removed. ROM
is nonvolatile and it retains its contents regardless the computer is on or off. Most personal computers
contain a small amount of ROM that stores critical programs such as the program that boots the
computer. In addition, ROMs are used in calculators and peripheral devices such as laser printers, whose
fonts are often stored in ROMs. There are a few variations of ROM such as programmable read-only
memory(PROM), which is manufactured as blank chips on which data can be written with a special device
called a PROM programmer.

RAM

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RAM – Random access memory: whose contents can be accessed (read, write and remove) in any order.
This is in contrast to sequential memory devices such as magnetic tapes, discs and drums, in which the
mechanical movement of the storage medium forces the computer to access data in a fixed order. RAM is
usually used for primary storage in computers to hold active information such as data and programs.
Common forms of RAM are: SRAM (Static RAM) and DRAM (Dynamic RAM).

Computer GK, Computer Related GK, Cyber World

Cyber World-Windows Management Shortcuts


Posted by admin On September - 29 - 2010

Windows Management Shortcuts

* Win+Home: Clear all but the active window.


* Win+Space: All windows become transparent so you can see through to the desktop.
* Win+Up arrow: Maximize the active window.
* Shift+Win+Up arrow: Maximize the active window vertically.
* Win+Down arrow: Minimize the window/Restore the window if it’s maximized.
* Win+Left/Right arrows: Dock the window to each side of the monitor.
* Shift+Win+Left/Right arrows: Move the window to the monitor on the left or right.

You can also interact with windows by dragging them with the mouse:

* Drag window to the top: Maximize


* Drag window left/right: Dock the window to fill half of the screen.
* Shake window back/forth: Minimize everything but the current window.
* Double-Click Top Window Border (edge).

Taskbar Shortcuts

You can use any of these shortcut combinations to launch the applications in their respective position on
the taskbar, or more:

* Win+number (1-9): Starts the application pinned to the taskbar in that position, or switches to that
program.
* Shift+Win+number (1-9): Starts a new instance of the application pinned to the taskbar in that position.
* Ctrl+Win+number (1-9): Cycles through open windows for the application pinned to the taskbar is that
position.
* Alt+Win+number (1-9): Opens the Jump List for the application pinned to the taskbar.
* Win+T: Focus and scroll through items on the taskbar.
* Win+B: Focuses the System Tray icons

In addition, you can interact with the taskbar using your mouse and a modifier key:

* Shift+Click on a taskbar button: Open a program or quickly open another instance of a program.
* Ctrl+Shift+Click on a taskbar button: Open a program as an administrator.
* Shift+Right-click on a taskbar button: Show the window menu for the program (like XP does).
* Shift+Right-click on a grouped taskbar button: Show the window menu for the group.
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* Ctrl+Click on a grouped taskbar button: Cycle through the windows of the group.

Here s a few more interesting hotkeys for you:

* Ctrl+Shift+N: Creates a new folder in Windows Explorer.


* Alt+Up: Goes up a folder level in Windows Explorer.
* Alt+P: Toggles the preview pane in Windows Explorer.
* Shift+Right-Click on a file: Adds Copy as Path, which copies the path of a file to the clipboard.
* Shift+Right-Click on a file: Adds extra hidden items to the Send To menu.
* Shift+Right-Click on a folder: Adds Command Prompt Here, which lets you easily open a command
prompt in that folder.
* Win+P: Adjust presentation settings for your display.
* Win+(+/-): Zoom in/out.
* Win+G: Cycle between the Windows Gadgets on your screen.

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