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3) The Urogenital Diaphragm (UG diaphragm, aka deep pouch or deep space)
The UG diaphragm fills a defect in the pelvic diaphragm.
Fascia of the UG diaphragm is composed of two layers
a. the superior fascia
b. the inferior fascia, also know as the perineal membrane
Note: Anything inferior to the inferior fascia is in the Superficial Pouch.
Muscles of the UG Diaphragm are between these two fascial layers
a. the sphincter urethra muscle
b. the deep transverse perineal muscle
Note: The urethra and vagina (in females) pass through the UG
diaphragm. The rectum does NOT pierce the UG diaphragm.
Note: The superficial space is continuous with the anterior abdominal wall because
the inferior fascia is continuous with Scarpa’s fascia.
5) The deep pouch is enclosed by the superior and inferior fascias of the UG
diaphragm.
In males, the deep pouch contains:
a) membranous urethra
b) sphincter urethra
c) bulbourethral gland’s (Cowper’s)
d) deep transverse perineal muscle
1. Anterior Division
a) Umbilical artery
* Gives rise to superior vesicular branches which supply the bladder; later
obliterates and runs along the anterior abdominal wall as the umbilical ligament.
b) Obturator A.
* can come off the umbilical artery or directly off of the internal iliac artery.
c) Internal Pudendal A.
d) Inferior Gluteal A.
e) Middle Rectal A.
f) Uterine and vaginal artery
2. Posterior Division (just remember these 3, any others are part of the anterior division)
a) Iliolumbar A.
b) Lateral sacral A.
c) Superior gluteal A.
Know the relationship between the ureter and the uterine artery. The ureter passes
under the artery, as emphasized many times: “Water (ureter) runs under the bridge
(uterine artery).”
Blood supply of the ureter:
abdominal—medial to lateral supply—renal branches
pelvis – lateral to medial supply – internal iliac artery, then vesicular, uterine,
vaginal branches.
Dr. Bolender concluded the lecture with tips for the pelvis dissection. He said to follow
c.12 in the dissection guide.
1. remove the skin to reveal the gluteus maximus
2. cut the gluteus maximus away from the sacrotuberous ligament, but don't cut the
ligament.
3. the ischiorectal fossae is between the ischial tuberosity and the coccyx
4. the pudendal n.,a.,v. run together leaving the greater sacrosciatic foramen and entering
the lesser sacrosciatic foramen..
5. insert a tampon into the anus to give support during the dissection.