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info/latexsystem-en
A To use L TEX is one thing, an very qualitative introductions exist for that. But A what do you need for installing a L TEX system on Windows? What do I do with MiKTEX, why do I need Ghostscript, whats Texmaker, and why many people favor Emacs, and above all, how does everything t together? The information often has to be collected from various different sources, and sometimes some parts seem not to match, while one only has searched in the wrong place. This tutorial shall save the search an show step by step what you need and how to setup and use the individual components.
I am always happy on suggestions and notes on possible errors. When reporting, please always include the version number: Revision: 1529 Date: 2009-06-12 22:22:28 +0200 (Fr, 12 Jun 2009) This translation is at the beginning of its lifecycle. There will denitely be mistakes. I will do my best to nd and x them. If you feel to do so, give me hints how to improve. Many thanks to a number of readers for suggestions and corrections. This document exists in HTML as well as in PDF 1.51 . The correct URLs are: http://schlosser.info/downloads/latexsystem-en.pdf for the PDF version and http://schlosser.info/latexsystem-en for the HTML-page. A German version is available: http://schlosser.info/latexsystem
1 Adobe
Contents
1 Intention 2 3.2 3.3 3.4 2 Overviewing the used Software Packages 3 A 2.1 L TEX Distribution: MiKTEX 3 2.2 Editor 3 2.2.1 Texmaker 3 2.2.2 Emacs + RefTeX + AUCTeX + Ispell 4 2.3 Graphics in Postscript with Ghostscript 4 2.4 HTML translation 5 2.5 Summary 5 2.6 Licensing 5 3 Installation and Conguration 6 3.1 Download and install MiKTEX 6 Graphics Preparation and Conversion 6 Congure Texmaker 7 Congure Emacs 7 3.4.1 AUCTEX + RefTEX 8 3.4.2 Ispell 8 Setup of the File Types 8 Install latest TeX4ht 9 Installation complete 10
4 Usage 10 4.1 TeX4ht usage 10 4.2 Graphics conversion 11 5 If something fails 11 6 Prospect 12
1 Intention
A L TEX is not just a program but a language and a methodology of describing documents A and gets used via a L TEX system. With that not only scientic papers can be prepared, but also excellent letters, presentation and much more. For all that have not worked with free software so far it may be strange in the beginning to have to integrate different components to a system on their own, and some will not easily have the heart to do so. For this I present my own environment that I use to generate from A L TEX Postscript and PDF as well as HTML. A This is not a introduction to L TEX, there are some excellent documents available in the net as well as books are. For beginners the best will be the Not so short introduction to A A L TEX 2 , delivered with approximately every L TEX distribution in <texmf>/doc/guides/ lshort-german/, or to be downloaded from CTAN.org2 . Essential also is the UK TEX FAQ, to be obtained from the UK TeX Archive3 . Then we should mention l2tabu, that lists obsolete commands and packages and their alternatives. Not to forget is the documentation of the KOMAScript bundle, a widespread class library, that answers additionA ally a lot of typographic questions. It can be found in every better L TEX distribution in <texmf>/doc/latex/koma-script/. If you have severe problems with installation although using this tutorial, or have anA other question related to L TEX, should not write to me personally but search in the Internet
2 CTAN
is the abbreviation for Comprehensive TeX Archive Network, the complete collection of TEX related software. 3 Fairbairns, Robin: TeX Frequently Asked Questions. http://www.tex.ac.uk/faq.
2 Overviewing the used Software Packages and the FAQ. In case of continuous confusion you can post in the newsgroup comp.text.tex4 . Most questions can be answered there, and also concerning Windows installation this is preferrable, because answers are for everyones benets and numerous competent users and developers read along. A last important note: This tutorial is not a substitute for the original documentations of the particular programs and building blocks 5 . In case of errors or warnings, consult the documentation of the particular program. This tutorial exclusively cares for the mentioned programs. Sections concerning E MACS, as an example, cannot be transferred for XEmacs without special care. More recent versions of programs usually are no problem (without guarantee).
2.2 Editor
The distribution is only responsible to transform an input to an output. The input itself is created with the editor of your choice. My choice is GNU E MACS. Besides that I want to mention T EXMAKER. 2.2.1 Texmaker
A For keeping the beginning with L TEX as simple as possible, I recommend T EXMAKER as 6 , differing from my personal setup. Editor For pure mouse oriented users T EXMAKER is likely to be the more comfortable Editor of the both mentioned here. T EXMAKER is well updated and convenient to use, because besides graphical menus for most mathematical symbols and all relevant commands it shows so called tool tips during typing of commands. Pre-dened output proles and
4 Search
can be performed, instead of using a news client like Thunderbird, with the web interface on http: //groups.google.com/group/comp.text.tex 5 Regarding this, see my post in de.comp.text.tex (in German) 6 Formerly this section recommended T E X NIC C ENTER . Because of its development seemingly ceased, and the better stability of T EXMAKER I decided for a change
for What-you-see-is-what-you-get: Already at edit time you see the document or parts of it in a way that is similar to the nal result. 9 Kastrup, David: Revisiting WYSIWYG paradigms for authoring LaTeX. TUGboat, 23 November 2002 Nr. 1.
2 Overviewing the used Software Packages From all Windows applications with their le formats, e. g. existing Word- or PowerPoint drawings, Bitmaps or vector les like CorelDraw, Postscript can be generated without problems even if the application does not support this directly. It becomes possible by printing through a Postscript printer driver into a le, particularly the driver for the Apple Color LaserWriter 12/600. For viewing existing Postscript les and to make small changes you need G HOSTSCRIPT with its graphical front-end GS VIEW. A With these rst three components the primary task of L TEX can be solved perfectly: The generation of printer- and camera-ready, perfectly typesetted documents.
2.5 Summary
The included package sizes mean the download sizes, not the space needed for installation.
Program MiKTEX Texmaker GNU Emacs AUCTeX Ispell Win32 Ghostscript GSview TeX4ht ImageMagick
Resource http://www.miktex.org http://www.xm1math.net/texmaker/ http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/ http://www.gnu.org/software/auctex/ http://schlosser.info/latex http://ghostscript.com/releases/ http://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gsview/ http://www.cse.ohio-state.edu/~gurari/TeX4ht/mn.html http://www.imagemagick.org
2.6 Licensing
All of the programs mentioned in this tutorial are at least free of charge, in most cases even free software11 . All licenses state that the distribution is allowed. Most of them allow furthermore to change the source code, whereas some of them prohibit commercial sale.
10 For
usage see documentation in <texmf>/doc/html/tex4ht. Free as free speech, not free beer. See the pages of the Free Software Foundation at http://www.fsf.org.
3 Installation and Conguration Despite the basic free-of-chargeness you have the possibility to reciprocate the individual projects nancially. See the projects web pages.
12 Schenk,
3 Installation and Conguration From now on every Windows application can produce Postscript les, simply by using the new printer. The generated lewhich should be given the le extension .ps instead of the default .prncan be viewed in GS VIEW and converted to EPS. For automatic further processing it is best to install G HOSTSCRIPT, obtained from http://ghostscript.com/releases/. Nothing special to bear in mind (simply Enter until nished). Because of the possible wish to view Postscript le for checkup, get and install GS VIEW from http://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/gsview/, the graphical front end of G HOSTSCRIPT. During the installation, do set the directory to C:\Programme\Ghostscript, too, and also as program group specify the same as suggested during the installation of G HOSTSCRIPT. It exceedingly useful to add G HOSTSCRIPT to the search path. So again, in Start Settings Control Panel System Advanced Environment Variables add to the variable PATH the respective directory, e. g. C:\Programme\Ghostscript\gs8.54\bin, separated by a colon. Attention: No spaces before or after entries of the PATH variable! In order to simplify work in the long run I recommend to setup an EPS Printer, for this I have a short tutorial, too13 .
But Google Trans will do a fair job, I had a look on it. 14 Environment variables allow to set paths or generally strings independent of particular applications, and use them with all applications. 15 To be accessed much faster by keyboard shortcut Windows key+break, by the way. 16 I recommend to create such a HOME directory on another partition that the system partition and set the environment variable accordingly. Keeping data and settings on one partition and separatedly programs on another allows to get more rapidly and without loss of data a working system after a serious crash.
3 Installation and Conguration into the programs directory, resulting in a directory like e. g. C:\Programme\emacs. In exactly this directory then unzip the archive auctex-11.85-e22.2-msw.zip, overwriting at least one le. Most unzippers ask before doing that. For easier starting E MACS, in directory C:\Programme\emacs\bin run the installer addpm. exe and accept the settings. This creates a shortcut in the Windows start menu. With this, Emacs is ready to run. 3.4.1 AUCTEX + RefTEX The integration of AUCT E X with R EF T E X has to be activated separatedly. For this, start E MACS and use it to create the conguration le .emacs within you HOME directory (UNIX shortcut name ~) with C-x C-f ~/.emacs RET17 . Here you add the following lines: (add-hook 'LaTeX-mode-hook 'turn-on-reftex) (setq reftex-plug-into-AUCTeX t) (require 'tex-mik) Then save the le by C-x C-s, close Emcas with C-x C-c, and the setup is completed. The installation was successful, if when opening a .tex le in the menu bar new entries Preview and LaTeX appear. If you want faster and smaller preview images, you have to get an additional graphics library from XXXX. A When being in PDF mode (C-c C-t C-p), you now can call Preview-L TEX with C-c Cp C-d.
3.4.2 Ispell I SPELL can be installed quite easily by means of my distribution18 . The suggested directory can be accepted condently. Additionally the program gets o added to the search path. Attention: the environment variable HOME must already exist in advance.
Then we can assign several le name extensions to this type. We do this for .tex and .ltx by typing
So translates to: Ctrl-x, Ctrl-f, type /.emacs, press Enter. The / means the le to be located within your HOME directory 18 Schlosser, Joachim: Ispell compiled for Windows. http://schlosser.info/latex. 19 I know that the command window could be suppressed by calling emacsclientw.exe. Unfortunately a bug leads to an error message at the rst call. This also is true for the command line version, but it does not distract the user because it has not to be acknowledged.
17 The shortcut C-x stands for the keyboard combination Ctrl-x, other keys equivalent.
3 Installation and Conguration assoc .tex=Emacs.Document assoc .ltx=Emacs.Document From then on double clicking a .tex le leads to execution of E MACS. T EXMAKER can do this setting on its own, you get asked at rst start of the program. The assoc command I additionally execute for the le name extensions .sty, .cls, .lco and .bib. Now E MACS is completely congured and you can start working with the most powerful A L TEX editor. These were the last steps for conguring a system for generation of printer and camera ready documents in PDF or Postscript. If you do not want to generate HTML, you are basically done here.
link Log of modications at the bottom of the page. Windows Binaries. http://imagemagick.org/script/binary-releases.php#windows. 22 Besides the regular T E X4 HT distribution there exists a package with a M I KT E X adapted version. I have no experience with that, but I do not consider a special version necessary.
4 Usage Finally adapt the conguration le of T E X4 HT. For this, open the le c:\tex4ht\texmf\ tex4ht\base\win32\tex4ht.env, search the line tc:\path\tfm! and replace it by the following23 : tc:\Progra~1\MikTeX~1.7\fonts\tfm! T E X4 HT is now installed and can be used. If you want to employ the O PEN O FFICE . ORG export of T E X4 HT, a Zip packer has to be available in the system. I apply I NFO -Z IP24 for this, but only copy the le zip.exe to a directory already covered by the search path. After rst use of oolatex.bat, if you discover that the generated le is corrupt, you can remedy by editing again the le c:\tex4ht\texmf\tex4ht\base\win32\tex4ht.env and replace the tags <oo-alt> and </oo-alt> by <oo> bzw. </oo> and vice versa, for activating an alternative processing.
4 Usage
The generation of outputs is normally directed by the editor programs, there are buttons and/or keyboard shortcuts for this. For the usage of the E MACS add-ons I refer to their documentation. The access may be bitter, it is really worthwile.
24 Info-Zip.
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for the conversion. This generates XHTML, separate les for two levels of sections, no special font information but basic logical formatting, non-scaled graphics and helpful hyperlinks. If you like to have a more precise reproduction of the fonts, skip the option NoFonts, which of course leads to bigger les. For a monolithic le specify a 0 instead of 2.
5 If something fails
If anything does not work or behaves apparently wrong, it is no debacle. Often the reason is a forgotten environment variable. So you rst should check whether all environment variables suggested by this tutorial are set appropriately. If one misses or has a wrong
25 See
also Schlosser, Joachim: EPS Writer fr Windows. http://schlosser.info/epswriter. Only in German, sorry.
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6 Prospect
A value, it is possible that a succeeding installation failed, especially that of P REVIEW-L TEX. So do it again. Another popular source of defect: les in wrong places. Go through the tutorial again and check and correct if necessary. If needed, risk a look to the installation manual of the particular package to nd more hints. Of course it cannot be ruled out that my tutorial contains an error. If you nd everything in the right place and still not working, ask me and include the version number of the tutorial. Maybe I made some assumption that is not general, or a new version of a package works different and this text is outdated.
6 Prospect
A With all the possibilities offered by the numerous L TEX packages always bear in mind: do not loose yourself in gadgets. Choose simple layouts and structure, especially if you plan to publish also in HTML. This tutorial is far away from covering all subtleties of the document environment. With help of this article nevertheless it should be possible for a reasonably Windowsexperienced user to begin relatively quick with editing and typesetting texts. I did discover A L TEX not until 2002 for myself and do not want to miss it anymore. Everyone willgetting involvedbe inspired of the advantages of letting typeset texts in high quality rather that having to be annoyed by the insufciencies of a word processor. If this document helps appeasing the timidity of installing and using such a system and A by that lowers the inhibition threshold of the access to L TEX, it has fullled its purpose.
ImageMagick Windows Binaries. http://imagemagick.org/script/ binary-releases.php#windows Info-Zip. http://www.info-zip.org Brachet, Pascal: Texmaker. http://www.xm1math.net/texmaker/ Fairbairns, Robin: TeX Frequently Asked Questions. http://www.tex.ac.uk/faq Gnther, Karsten: LaTeX Ge-packt. mitp Verlag, November 2001 Goosens, Michel/Rahtz, Sebastian: The LaTeX Web Companion. Addison-Wesley, Juli 1999 Gurari, Eitan: TeX4ht. http://www.cse.ohio-state.edu/ ~gurari/TeX4ht/mn.html
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Literatur und Programme Gurari, Eitan: TeX4ht Bug Fixes. http://www.cse.ohio-state.edu/ ~gurari/TeX4ht/bugfixes.html
A LT
Knuth, Donald E.: The Texbook. Addison-Wesley, Mai 1986 Lamport, Leslie: Das LaTeX-Handbuch. Addison-Wesley, Juni 1995
Jrgens, Manuela: EX Fortgeschrittene Anwendungen. FernUniversitt Gesamthochschule in Hagen, Oktober Neukam, Frank/Kohm, Markus/Kielhorn, Axel: Das 1995 (A/027/9510). Technischer KOMA-Script Paket. September 2002, Bericht http://www.fernuni-hagen. package documentation de/zmi/katalog/A027.shtml Zugriff am 19.06.2008 Schenk, Christian: MikTeX. http://www.miktex.org A Jrgens, Manuela: L TEX eine Einfhrung und ein bichen mehr . . . . Schenk, Christian: The MiKTeX FernUniversitt Gesamthochschule in Installation Procedure. 2004 Hagen, Mrz 2000 (A/026/0003). http://www.dante.de/help/ Technischer Bericht documentation/miktex/ http://www.fernuni-hagen.de/zmi/ Schlosser, Joachim: EPS Writer fr katalog/A026.shtml Zugriff am Windows. 19.06.2008 http://schlosser.info/epswriter Kastrup, David: Revisiting WYSIWYG Schlosser, Joachim: Ispell compiled for paradigms for authoring LaTeX. Windows., Version 3.1.20 TUGboat, 23 November 2002 Nr. 1, http://schlosser.info/latex 5764
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