FEM Analysis for Creep Deformation Behavior in Forged Notched Components of L-polylactic Acid

MUHAMMAD HILMI JALIL

Applied Medical Engineering Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Japan 1. Introduction Biodegradability of L-Poly-lactic acid (PLLA) allows it to be used as suture thread, bone screw and so on. However, when applied, we need to note a creep deformation of the component since a tension and/or compression loading could be generated in the material. Additionally, a stress riser usually exists in such components and induces fracture of the components. So, it is important to consider creep deformation behaviors, and a proper material constitutive equation for creep deformation is required. We chose the projection method as a material constitutive equation. In this study, by focusing on PLA properties which strengths can be improved by elongation process and molecular orientation, notch was make using forging. Then, we investigated the effects of processing method on creep deformation behavior, rupture life, etc. In addition, creep deformation simulation is carried out based on the -projection method for forging notch specimen and the validity of this simulation is examined. 2. Material and test specimen The specimens for the experiment are made from [Mitsui Chemical Inc; LACEA H400, molecular weight 240000(g/mol), pellet type]. This PLA pellet will be molded into a dimension of 10mm length x 60mm width x 2mm thick by using an Injection Molding Machine. The molding temperature for this study is 190C while injection pressure is 8 MPa. The specimen is notched with radius R=2.5cm, via forging process at temperature 70C by using press machine and mold. The shape and dimension of smooth specimen and notched specimen is shown at Fig.1 (a) and (b). Creep test is done under default temperature of 36C. Stress applied for smooth specimen is 24.5~32.7 MPa, and notched specimen is =22, 25 and 30 MPa. than one side cutting notched specimen( ). Additionally, in low stress condition, lots of case happened where facture occurred at places other than notch bottom.
40

Nominal Stress , MPa

30

Forging

20

Cutting
10 1 10
: One side forging notched specimen : One side cutting notched specimen

102

103

104

105

Creep Rupture Time tr , min

Fig.2 Creep rupture time.

4. FEM model and result For simulation, we used generic analysis software, ANSYS. In consideration of the symmetry of a specimen, 1/2 model was adopted as the 2-dimensional FEM simulation using 8nodes isoperimetric elements. The number of elements and nodal points in the mesh division are 160 and 489, respectively. Material properties used in this simulation are attained from tensile test result of smooth specimen under 70C. 5. Creep deformation simulation of smooth specimen Equation of -projection method used in the analysis is show as Eq.1 below. (1) Given, c is creep strain, t is time, and 14 is material constants. Fig.3 shows comparison between calculated and experimental creep curves. From graph, excluding early stage, every degree of nd rd compression shows a large margin in 2 and 3 creep region.
0.05 0.04

c 1 1 e t 3 e t 1
2 4

True Strain t

0.03 0.02 0.01 0 0 20 40 60 Time t[min]

T=36 =24.5MPa

(a)Smooth specimen.

(b) Notched specimen.

Fig .1 Shape and dimensions of specimens.

:=0.0 Experiment :=0.0 Analysis :=0.1 Experiment :=0.0 Analysis :=0.3 Experiment :=0.0 Analysis

3. Creep test result of forging notched specimen Creep rupture time is shown at Fig.2. From graph, we understand that one side forging notched specimen() have a longer rupture time

80

100

Fig.3 Comparison between calculated and experimental creep curves..

Result, Conclusion, Reference, Abbreviation