EEG AMPLIFIER

MINI PROJECT REPORT FOR BM2304 BIO-MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION LAB SUBMITTED BY, ARUN SRINIVAS P (31509121010) DEEPAK N (31509121014) GANESH KUMAR K (31509121017) NAVATHEJ G (31509121028) BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING SSN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KALAVAKKAM ANNA UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI 600 025 OCTOBER 2011

A COST EFFECTIVE EEG AMPLIFIER USING INA118P

MINI PROJECT REPORT FOR BM2304 BIO-MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION LAB SUBMITTED BY ARUN SRINIVAS P (31509121010) DEEPAK N (31509121014) GANESH KUMAR K (31509121017) NAVATHEJ G (31509121028) BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING SSN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KALAVAKKAM ANNA UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI 600 025 OCTOBER 2011

ANNA UNIVERSITY BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this is the bonafide record of the mini project work done for the BM2304 BIO-MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION LAB By ARUN SRINIVAS P (31509121010) DEEPAK N (31509121014) GANESH KUMAR K (31509121017) NAVATHEJ G (31509121028) Of Department of Bio-Medical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai. During the academic year 2011-2012

Staff In-Charge

Head of Department

Submitted for the University Examination held at Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering on..

Internal Examiner

External Examiner

CONTENTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. AIM..5 BASIC IDEA...5 OBJECTIVE.......5 BLOCK DIAGRAM...6 HARDWARE CIRCUIT8 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION.9 OUTPUT16 CONCLUSION...........................17 REFERENCES............................18

LIST OF FIGURES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Block Diagram6 Electrode Placement...7 Hardware Circuit ...8 INA118P..10 LF 356..12 Frequency Response of Band pass filter...13 7. LM 32414 8. Output on DSO..16

A COST EFFECTIVE DIGITAL EEG AMPLIFIER USING INA118P

AIM:To design an EEG amplifier using INA118P to amplify real-time EEG signal obtained from a subject. BASIC IDEA:To amplify a low range EEG signal, we need an amplifier having the gain of around 10,000.For this purpose, we are using INA118P having gain of 10,000. OBJECTIVES:* To amplify EEG signal from microvolt to the range of volts. *Also, signals whose frequency greater than 33.86Hz while obtaining the EEG signal is removed using Low pass filter.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:Instrumentation E Amplifier Non-Inverting Amplifier Band Pass Filter

EEG

Fig.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM

EEG signal obtained from the patient is first amplified with the help of Instrumentation amplifier, INA118P. Then, the amplified EEG signal is fed to the NonInverting amplifier, LF356. In order to remove the noise, we are using Band pass filter having the cut-off frequencies 1Hz and 40Hz.

EEG ELECTRODES:Small metal discs called electrodes are placed on the scalp in special positions. These positions are identified by the recordist who measures the head using the International 10/20 System. This relies on taking measurements between certain fixed points on the head. The electrodes are then placed at points that are 10% and 20% of these distances. Each electrode site is labeled with a letter and a number. The letter refers to the area of brain underlying the electrode. Even numbers denote the right side of the head and odd numbers the left side of the head.

Fig.2 ELECTRODE PLACEMENT

HARDWARE CIRCUIT:-

Fig.3 HARDWARE CIRCUIT

CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION:EEG amplifier has 3 blocks. They are as follows: *Instrumentation Amplifier, *Non-Inverting Amplifier & *Band pass filter.

Instrumentation Amplifier: An instrumentation amplifier is a type of differential amplifier that has been outfitted with input buffers, which eliminate the need for input impedance matching and thus make the amplifier particularly suitable for use in measurement and test equipment. For this purpose, we are using INA118P.

INA118P: INA118P is a low power, general purpose instrumentation amplifier offering excellent accuracy. Its versatile 3-op amp design and small size make it ideal for a wide range of applications. FEATURES: Low Offset Voltage: 50mV max Low Drift: 0.5mV/C max Low Input Bias Current: 5nA max High CMRR: 110dB min Wide Supply Range: 1.35 to 18V

Fig.4 INA 118P

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Non-Inverting Amplifier:An operational amplifier in which the input signal is applied to the ungrounded positive input terminal to give a gain greater than unity and make the output voltage change in phase with the input voltage. In this case, we use LF356 as an amplifier.

LF356: It is monolithic JFET input operational amplifiers to incorporate well matched, high voltage JFETs on the same chip with standard bipolar transistors. This amplifier feature low input bias and offset currents/low offset voltage and offset voltage drift, coupled with offset adjust which does not degrade drift or common-mode rejection.

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FEATURES:Low input bias current: 30pA Low Input Offset Current: 3pA High input impedance: 1012W Low input noise current: 1nA High CMRR: 100 dB Large dc voltage gain: 106 dB

Fig.5 LF 356

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Band Pass Filter:A band-pass filter is a device that passes frequencies within a certain range and rejects frequencies outside that range. Analogue electronic band-pass filter is an RLC circuit (a resistorinductorcapacitor circuit). These filters can also be created by combining a low-pass filter with a high-pass filter. An ideal band-pass filter would have a completely flat pass-band and would completely attenuate all frequencies outside the pass-band. We designed Band pass filter using LM324.

Fig.6 Frequency response of Band pass filter

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LM324:Internally frequency compensated for unity gain Large DC voltage gain 100 dB Wide bandwidth 1 MHz Wide power supply range: *Single supply 3V to 32V *Dual supplies 1.5V to 16V Very low supply current drain (700 A) Low input biasing current 45 nA Low input offset voltage 2 mV Low input offset current: 5 nA

Fig.7 LM 324

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WORKING:EEG is obtained from the brain using EEG electrodes. Then, EEG is fed as input to instrumentation amplifier, INA118P. INA118P has very high open loop gain and high CMRR of 110dB. Resistor across pins 1&8 is varied to get maximum amplification. This will amplify the given EEG signal. For further amplification, non-inverting amplifier using LF356 is used. Here, amplification factor is based on feedback resistor, Rf and input resistor, Rin. So, we need to alter Rf and Rin in order to obtain high amplification .To avoid interference of noise, Band pass filter, designed using LM324 having cut-off frequencies 1Hz and 40Hz is employed.

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OUTPUT:-

Fig.8 OUTPUT

Channel 1 represents the output of INA118P whose peak to peak amplitude is around 400mV. Channel 2 represents the output of LF 356 whose peak to peak amplitude is around 9V.

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CONCLUSION:*Thus, the low amplitude range EEG signal is amplified to high amplitude range EEG. *Also, interference of noise in amplified EEG signal is removed. And, thus the noise-free EEG is obtained.

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REFERENCE:1. http://teknomage.wordpress.com/ 2. Joseph J. Carr and John M. Brown, Introduction to Biomedical Equipment Technology, Pearson Education, 2004. 3. John G. Webster, Medical Instrumentation Application and Design, John Wiley and sons, New York, 2004 4. Leslie Cromwell, Biomedical Instrumentation and measurement, Prentice hall of India, New Delhi, 2007. 5. http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/ina118.pdf 6. www.biopac.com/eeg-electroencephalogramamplifier

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