U . S. A LANGUAGE COURSE PLACEMENT TEST TOEFL FORM -1 READING COMPREHENSION Directions for questions 1-100.

You will hear questions on the test tape Select the correct answer a, b, c, or d and mark your answer sheet DO NOT WRITE ON THE TEST BOOKLET
1) Since The Opening of St. Lawrence Seaway in 1959 made Milwaukee a major port, both its population and area have increase greatly . a) popularity b) accessibility c) number of residents d) level of culture 2) The grasshopper as an insect That Can leap a bout twenty times The length of its own body a) Jump b)see c)hear d)call 3) In violin making, The choice of The wood is crucial. a) grain b) selection c) resonance d) shape 4) Mast sound vibrations arrive at the eardrum by way of the auditory canal . a) search for b) reach c) tickle d) whisper to 5) Sequoya, a Native American who was born about 1770, formed an alphabet of eighty - six letters that enabled him to put the oral Cherokee language into writing. a) secret b) complex c)spoken d) ancient 6) As photographic techniques have become more sophisticated, the scope of their application has expanded enormously . a) diversely b) flagrantly c) appealingly d) tremendously 7) A goal of modern dance often is to express the dancer's innermost feelings and emotions. a) slightest b) rarest c) most personal d) most difficult 8) A cup of whole milk provides roughly one hundred sixtysix calories of energy. a) discreetly b) approximately c) barely d) coarsely 9) Once started, a chain reaction sustains itself without further outside influence. a) endless. b)measurable. c) interruptive. d) additional. 10) Honey guides, or indicator birds collaborate with honey badgers in seeking out bee colonies. a) work together b) travel north c) live d) compete

11) During the 1800 's and early 1900 's new academic disciplines such as chemistry and physics made great headway. a) sacrifice b) forefront c) preconceptions d) progress 12) In swimming, a more exact coordination of muscles is required than in other sports. a) a swifter b) a more precise c) a more automatic d) an easier 13) Soot sticks to anything it touches a) points to b) blackens c) clings to d) streaks 14) For most allergies, the best treatment is elimination of the bothersome substances from the sensitive person's environment. a) unnatural b) dangerous c) irritating d) surrounding 15) Glaciers terminate where the rate of ice loss is equivalent to the forward advance of the glacier. a) stop b)turn c) crack d) rotate 16) Sharpshooter Annie Oakley performed astonishing feats of marksmanship as the star of Buffalo Bill's wild west Show beginning in 1885. a) astute b) astounding c) archaic d) articulate 17) Because it withstands the effects of high temperatures, rhenium is a valuable ingredient in certain alloys. a) discharges b) reduces c) resists d) withholds

18) The bleaching of laundry by sunlight is at least partly a photochemical process. a) airing b) drying c) whitening d) scrubbing 19) The stories of Sarah Orne Jewett are considered by many to be more authentically regional than those of Bret Harte . a) blatantly b) genuinely c) intentionally d) thoroughly 20) The most pressing problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources. a) puzzling b) controversial c) terrifying d) urgent 21) Diffusion is the spontaneous spreading of matter caused by the random movement of molecules. a) patternless b) whirling c) constant d) rampant 22) The firm of Bonnin and Morris in Philadelphia was probably the first American company to manufacture porcelain . a) silverware b) crystal c) china d) linen 23) The attack on Fort Sumter near Charleston provoked a sharp response from the North, which led to the American Civil War. a) demanded b) elicited c) expedited d) defied

24) The Food and Drug Administration chassifies as a cosmetic any product whose single purpose is to improve a person's appearance. a) obvious b) simple c) exclusive d) assumed 25) Natural silk is obtainedby unraveling (he thin threads of the cocoons spun by the caterpillars of the silkworm moth. a) unwinding b) unleashing c) undulating d) undertaking 26) The Klondike was the scene of one of the most colossal gold rushes the world has ever known. a) location b) view c) event d) landscape 27) The rose may grow as a low bush or as a tree, depending on how it is pruned . a) planted b) nourished c) watered d) trimmed 28) Samuel Morse requested from the Congress of the United States an appropriation to construct an experimental telegraph line. a) guidance b) funding c) property d) power 29) The amenities of civilization are left behind when an individual embarks on a camping trip in a remote area. a) activities b) rules c) comforts d) signs 30) The upside- down catfish is the only fish that habitually swims on its back.. a) rhythmically b) intermittently c) customarily d) casually

31) Many statistics related to the economy are published quarterly . a) every month b) every three months c) twice a year d)once a year 32) The shop steward, the first level officer in a labor union, is elected by its members. a) paid b) advised c) consulted d) chosen 33) According to most geologists, the universe is now about 15 billion years old. a) only b) at present c) barely d) without question 34) Although they usually prey on , small mammals and birds, golden eagles have also been known to band together and attack large animals. a) swoop down b) devise nests c) form groups d) sing harmoniously 35) The flower is the most attractive most colorful, and most fragrant part of many plants. a) pretiest b) rarest c) softest d) strongest 36) Elizabeth Blackwell founded an academy to train women physicians in 1868. a) a philosophy b) a clinic c) a school

d) a company

37) Parsley is cultivated throughout much of the world. a) seen b) grown c) dried d) cooked 38) A snowstorm is officially pronounced a blizzard when the wind is 35 miles per hour, the temperature is 20 F or less, and visibility is severely limited . a) arbitrarily b) formally c) frankly d) internally 39) A ford is a place where it is possible to cross a creek or river. a) trench b) gorge c) ravine d) stream 40) Roget's Thesaurus. a collection of English words and phrases. was originally arranged by the ideas they express rather than by alphabetical order. a) restricted b) as well as c) unless d) instead of 41) Male lions remain aloof form the day - to - day activities of their families. a) upwind of b) separate form c) exhausted from d) bored with 42) Various remote - control devices, including automatic valves in pipelines, are activated by radio signals. a) mechanisms b) message c) responses d) beams 43) Since fingernails can be easily clipped, they are a convenient resource for those who wish to measure levels of trace elements in the body. a) gathered

b) treated c) trimmed d) cleaned 44) Techniques that create an atmosphere of suspense are commonly used by Filmmakers to arouse their audiences. a) excite b) harass c) appease d) arrest 45) The Morrill Act of 1862 authorized the states to use federal lands for the establishment of colleges that would offer programs hi agriculture and the mechanical arts. a) challenged b) persuaded c) empowered d) invited 46) Mounting evidence indicates that acid rain is damaging historic sites in Boston and Philadelphia. a) Hanging b) lentative c) Increasing d) Irrefutable 47) The captain of a ship has the absolute right to jettison cargo when necessary. a) discard b)sell c) destroy d)add 48) With the dawn of space exploration. the notion that atmospheric conditions on Earth may be unique in the solar system was strengthened. a) beginning b) continuation . c) expansion d) outcome 49)One of Californias most acute problems is an inadequate water supply . a)unusual b) persistent c) unexpected d) critical

50) Salt has been a respected commodity for much of recorded time. a) flavoring b) preservative c) remedy for illness d) article of trade 51) According to a belief prevalent in many places, a small forked stick referred to as a "divining rod" is able to locate subterranean springs. a) held sacred b) broadly accepted c) documented d) detected 52) In (he Mesozoic period, the upward thrust of great jock masses created the Rocky Mountains and the Alps. a) collision b) angle c)push d) erosion 53) Although poisonous, many alkaloids are valuable as medicines, and some can suppress coughing. a)check b)cause c) demonstrate d) worsen 54) Cotton cloth has been found among the ruins left by some early American Indians. a) fabric b) clothing c) tapestry d)thread 55) Grandma Moses, a popular. spent her life in a tranquil little farming community. a) a lovely b) a serene c) an isolated d) a snobbish 56) Throughout the year 1979, there was a sharply rising rate of inflation in the United States. a) grimly b) steeply c) constantly d) roughly

57) Speech difficulties may sometimes be overcome if a person is shown where to place the tongue and teeth to make sounds. a) identified b) minimized c) surmised d) surmounted 58) Classical acting is characterized by an eternal quest for a balance between the natural and the stylized. a) redundancy in b) conflict of c) quality in d) pursuit of 59) It has been said that the essayist Henry David Thoreau was out spoken and usually put forth little effort to please others. a) talkative b) annoying c) blunt d) alienated 60) Contemporary hearing aids can be so minuscule that they fit within the frame of a pair of eyeglasses. a) tiny b) light c) decorative d) flexible 61) Walt Whitman was the great emancipator of the form and spirit of American poetry. a) master b) liberator c) enthusiast d) designer 62) Since the rhinocerous does not perspire, it cools off by wallowing in mud or water. a) fighting b) swimming c) rolling d) drinking 63) Every year each household in the United States discards approximately a (on of trash. a) filler b) garbage c) paper

d) fuel 64) A fundamental premise of a freeenterprise economic system is that all small businesses face difficult competition. a) confront b)mock c)lose d) appreciate 65) Cases of chronic diabetes were almost unheard-of in the 1920 's. a) eradicated b) documented c) unbearable d) unknown 66) The recycling of aluminum conserves ninety-five percent of the energy needed to make new metal . a) cleaning b) reprocessing c) reselling d)crushing 67) Bread has been a staple of the human diet since prehistoric. a) great delicacy b) basic part c) fastener d) highlight 68) The behavior of a crystallized material, such as silicon or germanium, is very closely related to its atomic arrangement. a) suspiciously b) secretly c) moderately d) intimately 69) Ralph Bunche won a Nobel Prize in 1950 for his peacemaking efforts as a United Nations diplomat. a) requests b) attempts c) offers d) trips 70) The habitat of an animal should be large enough to yield a copious supply of food. a) a solid b) an indefinite c) a plentiful d) an elaborate 71) When a flounder first hatches, it looks like a typical fish. a) emerges from the egg b) matures

c) swims about d) rises from the bottom 72) The needlelike leaves of the giant redwood tree are diminutive , each scarcely a quarter of an inch long. a) pretty b) tiny c)wiry d) thorny 73) It is estimated that at one time there existed from one to two thousand American Indian languages and at least as many cultures, each different In some respect from all the others. a) cycle b) prospect c) aspect d) activity 74) In the past, the cotton fields of Louisiana were inundated annually by the Mississippi River. a) flooded b) eroded c) fertilized d)seeded 75) Because ion pumps contain no pumping fluid, they add far less contamination to a vacuum than the best diffusion pumps. a) much b)even c)no d) hardly 76) The works of novelist Joyce Carol Oates are moving chronicles of contemporary life in the United States. a) simultaneous b) controversial c) modern d) temperate 77) Ultimately people rely on science to gain an understanding of biological phenomena. a) In the final analysis b) In a predictable way c) Unthinkingly d) Religiously

78) In many areas, rainfall seeps through the soil and creates vast subterranean reservoirs. a) fossilized b) unprotected c) sublime d) underground 79) Gems are usually cut to bring out their natural luster and to remove any flaws. a) germs b) samples c) flakes d) defects 80) Roth woodpeckers and kangaroos prop themselves up with their tails. a) wake b)pick c)back d)hold 81) The tendency of the human body to reject foreign matter is the main obstacle to successful tissue transplantation. a) factor in b) impediment to c) occurrence in d) phenomenon of 82) Summer weather of ninety degrees or more has been reported off and on in Fort Yukon, Alaska. a) back and forth b) as of late c) now and then d) on the spot 83) The President of the United States may seek reelection during the fourth year of the first full term in office. a) decide against b) campaign for c) anticipate d) consider 84) Hypnotized individuals can be induced to act bizarrely. a) in harmful ways b) against their wills c) oddly d) emotionally

85) Soprano Matilda S. Jones s favorite excerpt was the cavatina from Robert Ie Diable by Meyerbeer. a) symphony b) short selection c) operatic concert d) accomplishment 86) Compound microscopes have two separate lenses or sets of lenses. a) split b)equal c) detachable d) distinct 87) In the early days of baseball, the game was played by young men of means and social position. a) with skill b) with equipment c) with money d) with ambition 88) Deceptively simple in design, the sculptural works of lsamu Nogachi incorporate a broad range of textures, sizes, and Captors . a) Misleadingly b) Generally c) Noticeably d) Exceptionally 89) Our Sun is a commonplace star. 2) an average b)a nearby c) a centrally located d) an unusually bright 90) A postage stamp has been issued to pay tribute to Helen Keller and her teacher, Anne Sullivan. a) accentuate b)redeem c) honor d) reimburse 91) At (he end of the last ice age, the Earth's climate began to change. a) biological balance b) rotation c) weather conditions d) geography

92) Tanagers are birds that are six to eight inches long and are usually found in the forests where they feed on insects, fruits, and flowers. a)hunt b)cat c) keep d)see 93) Clark Gable gave a comic performance in the movie Happened One Night. a) sophisticated b) clever c) discreet d) funny 94) Electrical appliances such as toasters or hair dryers are designed to take advantage of the ability of an electric current to heat e wire. a) reinstall b) make use of c) augment d) make sense of 95) Some varieties of shorthorns, the most common breed of beef cattle are in fact hornless. a) credibly b) actually c) reportedly d) potentially 96) Moving continuously, a glacier gathers the rocks and other materials in its path. a) buries b) crushes c) collects d) freezes 97) Proper exercise plays a significant role in the rehabilitation of patients with various back ailments. a) operation b) recovery c) casting d) relaxation 98) For most people (be decision to wed is generally surrounded by social constraints. a) marry b) emigrate c) choose a job d) have children

99) Composer Philip Glass created singlehandedly a new musical genre with both classical and popular appeal . a) by himself b) at one time c) manually d) boldly 100) Hibernation is a state of inactivity in which some animals pass the winter. a) prepare for b) wait for c) miss d)spend