Dot Product: Cross Product Squared Vector Proj of Cartesian Coordinates: Differential length Differential surface Differential volume

Gradient Divergence Curl Laplacian Unit Vector Derivatives

(vector) (normal vector) A A= However A X A = 0 (Vector cross Vector) A(vector) b(scalar) dl = dx + dy + dz (vector) dsx = dydz; dsy = dxdz; dv = dxdydz (scalar)

dsz = dxdy (vector)

In Cartesian all derivatives for unit vectors equal 0 because it is an orthogonal coordinate system

Cylindrical Coordinates: Differential length Differential surface Differential volume Gradient Divergence Curl Laplacian Unit Vector Derivatives Spherical Coordinates: Differential length Differential surface Differential volume Gradient Divergence Curl Laplacian *

dl = d + d + dz ds = ddz; ds = ddz; dsz = dd dv = dddz

( (

) )

; all others equal 0.

dl = dr + r d + r sin d dsr = r2 sindd; ds = r sin drd; ds = r drd dv = r2 sindrdd

+ * +

* *

+ +

Unit Vector Derivatives

; ;

Geometric Relations Between Coordinates and unit vectors for three coordinate systems CARTESIAN CYLINDRICAL SPHERICAL

CYLINDRICAL

CARTESIAN

SPHERICAL

SPHERICAL

CARTESIAN

CYLINDRICAL

Figure 2.15 Interrelationship of space variables (x,y,z), (,,z), and (r,,)

Figure 2.15

Divergence of a vector field:

Divergence theorem: ; the volume integral of the divergence of a vector field equals the total outward flu of the vector through the surface that bounds the volume. Circulation of A around a contour:

Curl of a Vector field:

; curl is

if curl = 0 then the vector is conservative Stokess Theorem: ,

is path independent; over a closed surface S this equals 0.

Null Identities:

, the curl of the gradient of any scalar field is 0; , the divergence of the curl of any vector field is 0;

Impulse function:

( )

Helmholtzs theorem: to get a vector we need to know the div and curl Unknown Known , [ [ ] ]

Permittivity of space Charge =

For a cylinder For a sphere Charge density (C/m3) (C/m2) (C/m) Electric Field Intensity (aka Coulombs Law): (V/m) between two charges

( |

) |
( |

(V/m), E field of isolated pt charge at an arbitrary location

) |

system of discrete charges

due to continuous charge distribution volume charge surface charge line charge, converting we get

page 84, infinitely long straight line charge. (ie limits of integration are

Force on electric charge

F = qE,

(N)

Electric flux density (Electric displacement) Current Density Permeability of free space Speed of light Permittivity of free space

(C/m2) (A/m2) H/m =

in free space

(m/s)

Free Space Postulates aka Maxwells Equations: (free space) ;

Gausss Law:

; total outward flux of Efield over any closed surface equals charge enclosed divided by

Stokes Theorem: ; around a closed contour. The scalar line integral of the static electric field intensity around any closed path vanishes.

Electric Potential:
| |

(V) Electrostatic potential of a point charge referred to infinity electric potential at R due to system of n discrete charges . electric dipole moment (C m)charge magnitude times distance btwn charges
electric potential due to a volume charge distribution surface charge line charge,

(V) ,

Conductors in Static Electric Field Properties of conductors: inside a conductor Any charge is on the surface with charge density At the surface outside the conductor, E is perpendicular to the surface Conductor is an equipotential body V(b) V(a) = dV = 0 therefore each other at free space interface For Radius < Radius inside shell For Ri <r <Ro ( ) are perpendicular to

Dielectrics in Static Electric Field

, R is distance from elemental volume, P is polarization vector

 (C/m2) polarization surface charge density (C/m3) polarization volume charge density Electric flux density (electric displacement) (C/m2) (C/m3) Q= (C) (C/m2), Capacitances and Capacitors (Farads F) for a parallel plate capacitor (fig 3-20 on page 118) ; for a cylindrical capacitor

( )

Electrostatic Energy

(J) electric energy stored ina continuous distribution of charge

For a cylinder

Electrostatic Force:

(N) electric force on a body equals the gradient of the electrostatic energy in a body

Poissons Equation: Laplaces Equation Current density Equation of continuity Kirchhoffs Current Law Power Dissipation Joules Law Steady current density Resistance calculations