OPA604

FPO

FET-Input, Low Distortion OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER

FEATURES
q q q q q q LOW DISTORTION: 0.0003% at 1kHz LOW NOISE: 10nV/Hz HIGH SLEW RATE: 25V/s WIDE GAIN-BANDWIDTH: 20MHz UNITY-GAIN STABLE WIDE SUPPLY RANGE: VS = 4.5 to 24V

APPLICATIONS
q q q q q q PROFESSIONAL AUDIO EQUIPMENT PCM DAC I/V CONVERTER SPECTRAL ANALYSIS EQUIPMENT ACTIVE FILTERS TRANSDUCER AMPLIFIER DATA ACQUISITION

q DRIVES 600 LOAD q DUAL VERSION AVAILABLE (OPA2604)

DESCRIPTION
The OPA604 is a FET-input operational amplifier designed for enhanced AC performance. Very low distortion, low noise and wide bandwidth provide superior performance in high quality audio and other applications requiring excellent dynamic performance. New circuit techniques and special laser trimming of dynamic circuit performance yield very low harmonic distortion. The result is an op amp with exceptional sound quality. The low-noise FET input of the OPA604 provides wide dynamic range, even with high source impedance. Offset voltage is laser-trimmed to minimize the need for interstage coupling capacitors. The OPA604 is available in 8-pin plastic mini-DIP and SO-8 surface-mount packages, specified for the 25C to +85C temperature range.

(7) V+

(+) (3) () (2)

Distortion Rejection Circuitry(1)

Output Stage(1)

(6) VO

(5)

(1)

(4) V NOTE: (1) Patents Granted: #5053718, 5019789

International Airport Industrial Park Mailing Address: PO Box 11400 Tel: (520) 746-1111 Twx: 910-952-1111 Cable: BBRCORP

Tucson, AZ 85734 Street Address: 6730 S. Tucson Blvd. Tucson, AZ 85706 Telex: 066-6491 FAX: (520) 889-1510 Immediate Product Info: (800) 548-6132

1992 Burr-Brown Corporation

PDS-1161C

Printed in U.S.A. May, 1995

SPECIFICATIONS
ELECTRICAL
TA = +25C, VS = 15V unless otherwise noted. OPA604AP, AU PARAMETER OFFSET VOLTAGE Input Offset Voltage Average Drift Power Supply Rejection INPUT BIAS CURRENT(1) Input Bias Current Input Offset Current NOISE Input Voltage Noise Noise Density: f = 10Hz f = 100Hz f = 1kHz f = 10kHz Voltage Noise, BW = 20Hz to 20kHz Input Bias Current Noise Current Noise Density, f = 0.1Hz to 20kHz INPUT VOLTAGE RANGE Common-Mode Input Range Common-Mode Rejection INPUT IMPEDANCE Differential Common-Mode OPEN-LOOP GAIN Open-Loop Voltage Gain FREQUENCY RESPONSE Gain-Bandwidth Product Slew Rate Settling Time: 0.01% 0.1% Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise (THD+N) OUTPUT Voltage Output Current Output Short Circuit Current Output Resistance, Open-Loop POWER SUPPLY Specified Operating Voltage Operating Voltage Range Current TEMPERATURE RANGE Specification Storage Thermal Resistance(2), JA VO = 10V, RL = 1k G = 100 20Vp-p, RL = 1k G = 1, 10V Step G = 1, f = 1kHz VO = 3.5Vrms, RL = 1k RL = 600 VO = 12V 11 80 12 80 CONDITION MIN TYP 1 8 100 50 3 MAX 5 UNITS mV V/C dB pA pA

VS = 5 to 24V VCM = 0V VCM = 0V

80

25 15 11 10 1.5 4 13 100 1012 || 8 1012 || 10 100 20 25 1.5 1 0.0003

nV/Hz nV/Hz nV/Hz nV/Hz Vp-p fA/Hz V dB || pF || pF dB MHz V/s s s %

VCM = 12V

15

12 35 40 25 15 5.3

V mA mA V V mA C C C/W

4.5

24 6 +85 +125

25 40 90

NOTES: (1) Typical performance, measured fully warmed-up. (2) Soldered to circuit boardsee text.

The information provided herein is believed to be reliable; however, BURR-BROWN assumes no responsibility for inaccuracies or omissions. BURR-BROWN assumes no responsibility for the use of this information, and all use of such information shall be entirely at the users own risk. Prices and specifications are subject to change without notice. No patent rights or licenses to any of the circuits described herein are implied or granted to any third party. BURR-BROWN does not authorize or warrant any BURR-BROWN product for use in life support devices and/or systems.

OPA604

PIN CONFIGURATION
Top View
Offset Trim In +In VS 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

DIP, SOIC
No Internal Connection +VS Output Offset Trim

Power Supply Voltage ........................................................................ 25V Input Voltage ............................................................... (V)1V to (V+)+1V Output Short Circuit to Ground ................................................ Continuous Operating Temperature ................................................... 40C to +100C Storage Temperature ...................................................... 40C to +125C Junction Temperature .................................................................... +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) AP .......................................... +300C Lead Temperature (soldering, 3s) AU ............................................ +260C

ORDERING INFORMATION
MODEL OPA604AP OPA604AU PACKAGE 8-Pin Plastic DIP SO-8 Surface-Mount TEMP. RANGE 25C to +85C 25C to +85C

ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE SENSITIVITY

Any integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Burr-Brown recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage. ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet published specifications.

PACKAGE INFORMATION
MODEL OPA604AP OPA604AU PACKAGE 8-Pin Plastic DIP SO-8 Surface-Mount PACKAGE DRAWING NUMBER(1) 006 182

NOTE: (1) For detailed drawing and dimension table, please see end of data sheet, or Appendix D of Burr-Brown IC Data Book.

OPA604

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES

TA = +25C, VS = 15V unless otherwise noted.

TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE vs FREQUENCY 1

VO = 3.5Vrms 1k

TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE vs OUTPUT VOLTAGE 0.1 See Distortion Measurements for description of test method.
VO 1k

0.1
THD + N (%)

Measurement BW = 80kHz See Distortion Measurements for description of test method.

THD + N (%)

0.01 f = 1kHz Measurement BW = 80kHz 0.001

0.01

G = 100V/V

G = 10V/V 0.001 G = 1V/V 0.0001 20 100 1k Frequency (Hz) 10k 20k

0.0001 0.1

10

100

Output Voltage (Vp-p)

OPEN-LOOP GAIN/PHASE vs FREQUENCY 120 100 80 60 40 G 20 0 20 1 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M Frequency (Hz) 180 1 1 135 90 Phase Shift (Degrees) 100 0 1k

INPUT VOLTAGE AND CURRENT NOISE SPECTRAL DENSITY vs FREQUENCY 1k

Voltage Noise

100

10

10

Current Noise 10 100 1k Frequency (Hz) 10k 100k

1 1M

INPUT BIAS AND INPUT OFFSET CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE 100nA 10nA

10nA

INPUT BIAS AND INPUT OFFSET CURRENT vs INPUT COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE 1nA

Input Offset Current (pA)

Input Bias Current (pA)

Input Bias Current (pA)

Input Bias Current

1nA

100

1nA

Input Bias Current

100

100 Input Offset Current

10

100 Input Offset Current 10 15

10

10

1 75

50

25

25

50

75

100

0.1 125

10

10

1 15

Ambient Temperature (C)

Common-Mode Voltage (V)

OPA604

Input Offset Current (pA)

10nA

1nA

Current Noise (fA/ Hz)

45 Voltage Gain (dB)

Voltage Noise (nV/ Hz)

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES

TA = +25C, VS = 15V unless otherwise noted.

(CONT)

INPUT BIAS CURRENT vs TIME FROM POWER TURN-ON 1nA

Common-Mode Rejection (dB)
120

COMMON-MODE REJECTION vs COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE

VS = 24VDC

Input Bias Current (pA)

110

100

VS = 15VDC

100

10

VS = 5VDC

90

1 0 1 2 3 4 5 Time After Power Turn-On (min)

80 15

10

10

15

Common-Mode Voltage (V)

POWER SUPPLY AND COMMON-MODE REJECTION vs FREQUENCY 120

Power Supply Rejection (dB)

AOL, PSR, AND CMR vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 10M

Common-Mode Rejection (dB)

+PSR

120

100 80 PSR 60 40 20 0 10

110
AOL, PSR, CMR (dB)

CMR 100 PSR AOL

CMR

90

80

70 5 10 15 Supply Voltage (VS) 20 25

100

1k

10k

100k

1M

Frequency (Hz)

GAIN-BANDWIDTH AND SLEW RATE vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE 28 33

28

GAIN-BANDWIDTH AND SLEW RATE vs TEMPERATURE 30 Slew Rate

Gain-Bandwidth (MHz)

Gain-Bandwidth (MHz)

24

Slew Rate (V/s)

20

25

20 Gain-Bandwidth G = +100

20

16

21

16

15

12 5 10 15 Supply Voltage (VS) 20

17 25

12 75

50

25

25

50

75

100

10 125

Temperature (C)

Slew Rate (V/s)

Gain-Bandwidth G = +100

Slew Rate

29

24

25

OPA604

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES

TA = +25C, VS = 15V unless otherwise noted.

(CONT)

SETTLING TIME vs CLOSED-LOOP GAIN 5 VO = 10V Step RL = 1k CL = 50pF 30

MAXIMUM OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING vs FREQUENCY

VS = 15V Output Voltage (Vp-p) 1000 20

Settling Time (s)

3 0.01% 2 0.1% 1

10

0 1 10 100 Closed-Loop Gain (V/V)

0 10k 100k Frequency (Hz) 1M 10M

SUPPLY CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE 7

LARGE-SIGNAL TRANSIENT RESPONSE

Supply Current (mA)

VS = 24VDC 5

Output Voltage (V)

VS = 15VDC

+10

FPO
Bleed to edge
10

VS = 5VDC

3 75 50 25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Ambient Temperature (C)

5 Time (s)

10

SMALL-SIGNAL TRANSIENT RESPONSE

60

SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE

Output Voltage (mV)

+100

Short-Circuit Current (mA)

ISC+ and ISC 50

40

100

30

20

1s Time (s)

2s

75

50

25

25

50

75

100

125

Ambient Temperature (C)

OPA604

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES

TA = +25C, VS = 15V unless otherwise noted.

(CONT)

POWER DISSIPATION vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE 0.5

Total Power Dissipation (W)
1.4

MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION vs TEMPERATURE

0.45

Power Dissipation (W)

0.40 0.35 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 6 8 10 12 Typical high-level music RL = 600

Worst case sine wave RL = 600

1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 Maximum Specified Operating Temperature 85C

J-A = 90C/W Soldered to Circuit Board (see text)

No signal or no load

14

16

18

20

22

24

25

50

75

100

125

150

Supply Voltage, VS (V)

Ambient Temperature (C)

APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
OFFSET VOLTAGE ADJUSTMENT The OPA604 offset voltage is laser-trimmed and will require no further trim for most applications. As with most amplifiers, externally trimming the remaining offset can change drift performance by about 0.3V/C for each 100V of adjusted offset. The OPA604 can replace many other amplifiers by leaving the external null circuit unconnected. The OPA604 is unity-gain stable, making it easy to use in a wide range of circuitry. Applications with noisy or high impedance power supply lines may require decoupling capacitors close to the device pins. In most cases, a 1F tantalum capacitor at each power supply pin is adequate.
+VCC

Op amp distortion can be considered an internal error source which can be referred to the input. Figure 2 shows a circuit which causes the op amp distortion to be 101 times greater than normally produced by the op amp. The addition of R3 to the otherwise standard noninverting amplifier configuration alters the feedback factor or noise gain of the circuit. The closed-loop gain is unchanged, but the feedback available for error correction is reduced by a factor of 101. This extends the measurement limit, including the effects of the signal-source purity, by a factor of 101. Note that the input signal and load applied to the op amp are the same as with conventional feedback without R3. Validity of this technique can be verified by duplicating measurements at high gain and/or high frequency where the distortion is within the measurement capability of the test equipment. Measurements for this data sheet were made with the Audio Precision System One which greatly simplifies such repetitive measurements. The measurement technique can, however, be performed with manual distortion measurement instruments. CAPACITIVE LOADS The dynamic characteristics of the OPA604 have been optimized for commonly encountered gains, loads and operating conditions. The combination of low closed-loop gain and capacitive load will decrease the phase margin and may lead to gain peaking or oscillations. Load capacitance reacts with the op amps open-loop output resistance to form an additional pole in the feedback loop. Figure 3 shows various circuits which preserve phase margin with capacitive load. Request Application Bulletin AB-028 for details of analysis techniques and applications circuits. For the unity-gain buffer, Figure 3a, stability is preserved by adding a phase-lead network, RC and CC. Voltage drop

7 2 3 4
(1)

OPA604 5

6 1 50mV Typical Trim Range

VCC

NOTE: (1) 50k to 1M Trim Potentiometer (100k Recommended)

FIGURE 1. Offset Voltage Trim. DISTORTION MEASUREMENTS The distortion produced by the OPA604 is below the measurement limit of virtually all commercially available equipment. A special test circuit, however, can be used to extend the measurement capabilities.

OPA604

across RC will reduce output voltage swing with heavy loads. An alternate circuit, Figure 3b, does not limit the output with low load impedance. It provides a small amount of positive feedback to reduce the net feedback factor. Input impedance of this circuit falls at high frequency as op amp gain rolloff reduces the bootstrap action on the compensation network. Figures 3c and 3d show compensation techniques for noninverting amplifiers. Like the follower circuits, the circuit in Figure 3d eliminates voltage drop due to load current, but at the penalty of somewhat reduced input impedance at high frequency. Figures 3e and 3f show input lead compensation networks for inverting and difference amplifier configurations. NOISE PERFORMANCE Op amp noise is described by two parametersnoise voltage and noise current. The voltage noise determines the noise performance with low source impedance. Low noise bipolar-input op amps such as the OPA27 and OPA37 provide very low voltage noise. But if source impedance is greater than a few thousand ohms, the current noise of bipolar-input op amps react with the source impedance and

will dominate. At a few thousand ohms source impedance and above, the OPA604 will generally provide lower noise. POWER DISSIPATION The OPA604 is capable of driving a 600 load with power supply voltages up to 24V. Internal power dissipation is increased when operating at high power supply voltage. The typical performance curve, Power Dissipation vs Power Supply Voltage, shows quiescent dissipation (no signal or no load) as well as dissipation with a worst case continuous sine wave. Continuous high-level music signals typically produce dissipation significantly less than worst case sine waves. Copper leadframe construction used in the OPA604 improves heat dissipation compared to conventional plastic packages. To achieve best heat dissipation, solder the device directly to the circuit board and use wide circuit board traces. OUTPUT CURRENT LIMIT Output current is limited by internal circuitry to approximately 40mA at 25C. The limit current decreases with increasing temperature as shown in the typical curves.

R1

R2 SIG. DIST. GAIN GAIN 1 R3 OPA604 VO = 10Vp-p (3.5Vrms) 10 100 101 101 101 R1 500 50 R2 5k 5k 5k R3 50 500

Generator Output

Analyzer Input

Audio Precision System One Analyzer(1)

RL 1k

IBM PC or Compatible

NOTE: (1) Measurement BW = 80kHz

FIGURE 2. Distortion Test Circuit.

OPA604

(a)

(b)

CC 820pF RC OPA604 ei 750 CL 5000pF CC = 120 X 1012 CL ei 2k RC = CC = 10 R2 4CL X 1010 1 CL X 103 RC R2 eo CC 0.47F RC CL 5000pF OPA604 eo

(c)
R1 10k R2 10k CC 24pF RC OPA604 ei 50 CL R2 25 CL 5000pF eo ei CC 0.22F R1 2k RC 20

(d)
R2 2k

OPA604

eo CL 5000pF

CC =

RC =

R2 2CL X 1010 (1 + R2/R1) CL X 103 RC

CC =

(e)
R2 e1 2k R1 ei 2k RC 20 CC 0.22F RC = R2 2CL X 1010 (1 + R2/R1) RC = CC = CL X RC 103 CC = OPA604 eo CL 5000pF e2 2k CC 0.22F R3 2k R1

(f)
R2 2k

RC 20 OPA604 eo CL 5000pF

R4 2k R2 2CL X 1010 (1 + R2/R1) CL X 103 RC

NOTE: Design equations and component values are approximate. User adjustment is required for optimum performance.

FIGURE 3. Driving Large Capacitive Loads.

OPA604

R4 22k C3 R1 VIN 2.7k 22k C1 3000pF 10k C2 2000pF fp = 20kHz OPA604 VO R2 R3 100pF

FIGURE 4. Three-Pole Low-Pass Filter.

R1 VIN 6.04k R2 4.02k

R5 2k

OPA604

VO

C3 1000pF

R2 4.02k
1

OPA2604
2

Low-pass 3-pole Butterworth f3dB = 40kHz

OPA2604

C1 1000pF

R4 5.36k See Application Bulletin AB-026 for information on GIC filters.

C2 1000pF

FIGURE 5. Three-Pole Generalized Immittance Converter (GIC) Low-Pass Filter.

10k

10k

7.87k VIN + 100pF

OPA2604

OPA604

VO G=1

7.87k 100kHz Input Filter

OPA2604 10k 10k

FIGURE 6. Differential Amplifier with Low-Pass Filter.

OPA604

10

100

10k

NOTE: (1) C1

COUT 2 Rf fc

G = 101 (40dB) OPA604 Piezoelectric Transducer 1M(1) NOTE: (1) Provides input bias current return path.

RF = Internal feedback resistance = 1.5k fC = Crossover frequency = 8MHz 10 5 PCM63 20-bit 6 D/A 9 Converter C1(1)

OPA604

VO = 3Vp To low-pass filter.

FIGURE 7. High Impedance Amplifier.

FIGURE 8. Digital Audio DAC I-V Amplifier.

OPA604 A2 I2 R4 OPA604 A1 VIN R2 I1 R3 51 IL = I1 + I2 51

VOUT R1 VOUT = VIN (1+R2/R1)

Load

FIGURE 9. Using Two OPA604 Op Amps to Double the Output Current to a Load.

11

OPA604

SOUND QUALITY
The following discussion is provided, recognizing that not all measured performance behavior explains or correlates with listening tests by audio experts. The design of the OPA604 included consideration of both objective performance measurements, as well as an awareness of widely held theory on the success and failure of previous op amp designs. SOUND QUALITY The sound quality of an op amp is often the crucial selection criteriaeven when a data sheet claims exceptional distortion performance. By its nature, sound quality is subjective. Furthermore, results of listening tests can vary depending on application and circuit configuration. Even experienced listeners in controlled tests often reach different conclusions. Many audio experts believe that the sound quality of a high performance FET op amp is superior to that of bipolar op amps. A possible reason for this is that bipolar designs generate greater odd-order harmonics than FETs. To the human ear, odd-order harmonics have long been identified as sounding more unpleasant than even-order harmonics. FETs, like vacuum tubes, have a square-law I-V transfer function which is more linear than the exponential transfer function of a bipolar transistor. As a direct result of this square-law characteristic, FETs produce predominantly even-order harmonics. Figure 10 shows the transfer function of a bipolar transistor and FET. Fourier transformation of both transfer functions reveals the lower odd-order harmonics of the FET amplifier stage.
FFT
VO

I1 800A R1 75 (+) J1 () J2 J3 R2 75 R5 500

R6 500 R7 4k J4 Distortion Rejection Circuitry

I2 200A

J5

Output Stage

R10 10k

Q1

Q3

Q2

Q4 R11 10k R3 1k R4 1k R8 3k R9 3k

THE OPA604 DESIGN The OPA604 uses FETs throughout the signal path, including the input stage, input-stage load, and the important phase-splitting section of the output stage. Bipolar transistors are used where their attributes, such as current capability are important, and where their transfer characteristics have minimal impact. The topology consists of a single folded-cascode gain stage followed by a unity-gain output stage. Differential input transistors J1 and J2 are special large-geometry, P-channel JFETs. Input stage current is a relatively high 800A, providing high transconductance and reducing voltage noise. Laser trimming of stage currents and careful attention to symmetry yields a nearly symmetrical slew rate of 25V/s. The JFET input stage holds input bias current to approximately 50pA or roughly 3000 times lower than common bipolar-input audio op amps. This dramatically reduces noise with high-impedance circuitry. The drains of J1 and J2 are cascoded by Q1 and Q2, driving the input stage loads, FETs J3 and J4. Distortion reduction circuitry (patented) linearizes the openloop response and increases voltage gain. The 20MHz bandwidth of the OPA604 further reduces distortion through the user-connected feedback loop. The output stage consists of a JFET phase-splitter loaded into high speed all-NPN output drivers. Output transistors are biased by a special circuit to prevent cutoff, even with full output swing into 600 loads.

VBE = 1kHz + DC Bias

IC

IC V (mA) BE

log (VO)
fO 2fO 3fO 4fO 5fO

0.65 VBE (V)

1 2 3 4 5 Frequency (kHz) VGS = 1kHz + DC Bias

1
VGS

FFT

ID (mA)
ID

VO

log (VO)
fO 2fO 3fO 4fO 5fO

1 VGS (V)

1 2 3 4 5 Frequency (kHz)

FIGURE 10. I-V and Spectral Response of NPN and JFET.

OPA604

12