Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Hiroshi Nagashima
Phot ography by Ken j i M i u r a
CONTENTS
lntroJttction 7
PART I
SIMPLE ACCENTS ---- 11
PART II
PART Ill
PART IV
Twists & Curls 12
Decorative Knots 16
Refreshing Accents 20
Food Cups 24
Cucumber Carving 28
Radish Garnishes 36
KATSURA-MUKI --
A Traditional Japanese Pattern
CUTOUTS----
Square Cuts 54
Pentagonal Cuts 58
Free Cuts 68
Eggplant Fancy 76
Advanced Cuts 80
FRUITS
RECIPE NOTES & TOOLS 97
Index 11 0
Recipe Not es 98
Tools 108
--41
- 53
89
NTRODUCTION
n Japan, taste and visual appeal walk hand in hand to the table.
Home cooks and professional chefs alike pay attention to presenta-
tion because they consider it a large part of the dining experience.
Visual appeal heightens the eating experience, whether in a five-star res-
taurant or at home. A key element of this approach is mukimono-the
decorative food garnish that delights the eye by adding a final flourish
to a dish.
Although the art of Japanese food decoration has yet to escape the
confines of Japan's island culture, with this book I hope to change all
of that. I hope to bring this new and exciting \Yay of treating t()od into
your kitchen. Food art gives me imn1ense pleasure and it can do the
same for you. It can change the way you look at your ~ ' d a i l y bread.'' It
can bring a new level of enjoyment and appreciation into your kitchen.
You will delight in its playful elegance and visual appeal, and those you
feed will be astonished by your creations.
This book is all about bringing creativity into your food practices
and making cooking fun again. If working with food is already an inspir-
ing activity, the garnishes and decorations in these pages will lead you
in new directions. They will allow you to add flourishes to your cooking
repertoire in a manner you never considered. They will lend a whimsical
7
chJrm to , our in some instances, ,lll understated elegance in ot h-
ers. imporrantly, they \\'ill jumpstart your curiosity and send you
on- on new, unexplored tangents.
The more than sixty garnishes range in scale fion1 simple-tnade in
sccoth.ls-to elaborate, with every imaginable level in bet\vccn. tvlany
arc easily mastered. Others require practice ::md skill. You'll find poten-
tial uses t()r most of them. All of them will shine on special occasions. I
I've tested then1 over and over again. If you are presenting your
meal on a single plate with two or three iten1s, choose a garnish appro-
priate in color, shape, and taste for the collective food display. I dis-
cuss how colors work on the plate and ho\v to combine them in various
places throughout the book. If you are serving courses, select a garnish
for each round-appetizer, soup or salad, main course, dessert. As far
as tools go, most garnishes require only a sharp knife and possibly a fe,,
everyday utensils. A handful require specialized implements.
But this collection of edible garnishes represents only the beginning
of your culinary journey. For over and above everything else, Tbe Decora-
tive of japanese Food Carving is an idea book. These pages O\rerflow
with suggestions and inventive ideas you can use as springboards to
e\'en more daring, more inventive decorations or food combinations. In
each of these projects, along \Vith the Recipe Notes at the back, you'll
find a place to flex your culinary muscles and challenge your cooking
skills.
For starters, I offer further suggestions for n1ost of the garnishes.
Instead of a daikon radish, use a carrot. Instead of a lemon, use a lime or
an orange or a pink grapefruit. Instead of the Japanese pun1pkin I chose
because I wanted readers to become aware of its natural sweetness, use
a local squash or a green pepper or something else _you notice close at
hand. You, too, should think in terms of expanding the basic idea of
each decoration by trying it on new f(>Ods around you.
8
Next, every garnish in this book can decorate dozens of dishes, not
just the one selected. For cxan1plc, I chose to incorporate the Flutter-
ing Plun1 Blosson1 on page 62 in a salad, but this delicate garnish could
easily be sprinkled over a leafy green salad, arranged along the edge of
a fish or steak dinner, set elegantly alongside a slice of cake or, perhaps,
floated in a pitcher of lemonade or iced tea. The combinations are end-
less, subject only to the limits of your imagination.
The art of Japanese food decoration extends back hundreds of years.
The tradition is long and grand. But then, as no\v, it took a \villing hand
and a fertile mind to \vork the knife and dress the table in a \\av that
captured the audience, \vhether they \vere six or sixty: In that respect,
not much has changed. In another respect, everything has changed. The
eager cook has so much more at his or her fingertips. An ever-gro,ving
selection of vegetables from around the \vorld can be found at your
grocers or at some of the specialty shops in to\vn. Carrots in hues from
yello\v to red to purple are no\v a\'ailable. Japanese radishes and cucun1-
bers have traveled across the seas. Using peppers and zucchini and other
vegetables of varying shapes and colors can be explored. And if you
can't find \Vhat you \Vant at your greengrocer's, you can acquire seeds
at your local nursery or online, and grc)\v it in your garden.
For the adventurous cook, truly these are blessed tirnes. So take the
ne\v techniques and ideas introduced here and run with then1! Trans-
form the way you think about food. Enhance vour kitchen skills. Play
. . .. .
with your n1cals-thcir presentation, the shapes of the f(>ods, and the
colors on which the eyes can feast. In short, with new \'igor and inspira-
tion, create, cat, and enjoy!
Hiroshi Nagashima
9
SI MPLE
Simple
WlSt
. 1 rls J'rondc a spl..tsh n( t' (llur tlwt
:till Cll .
1 thL o\erall.trr:tngcment, \\'htch
,lilt t .
hts the J'tl.tt c. I len-, they g.tnush three
in turn stlllllt l. . .
J , 1 )t't inns nC shnmp, t un:t, :md
1
ndntull.l p< . . . ,
J , which h.nc hetn st't 111 :1 v:tn:tt ton of the
rcu , , .
( ' ! )t'\' f)lttcrn introdund on page 4H. I hts
tnt?,
1
<
, ttion will enhance .lll\ u>mhination of
'
::" ..... , L't.l'J1 tlw J10rtions in the D.ukon Cups n . .l
. . .
ll
'Ill J CUJ1S 'Ht' C.l"ithr lifted\\ tth the fmgt'rS
:-on.t ) r . u .
,
111
d eaten
2 Cut off Vs-inch (3-mm) slivers at a
diagonal.
and adjust twist to make the
fmal shape.
Sashim1 Platter
3 Soak the slivers in water for 1 or 2
minutes. The carrot will absorb the
water and become more pliable.
1 Cut a 4-inch (1 0-cm) length of car-
rot in half lengthwise, then cut off a
length with a peeler.
Y
1
Wind a carrot sliver around a thin
stick (a chopst1ck works well).
r Asparagus and Potato Appetizer
Tube Curl
The Tube Curl brings this dish to
life with a simple, elegant flourish,
lending color and movement to
what would have otherwise been
a linear, bland-looking presenta-
tion. Try sprinkling Tube Curls
over a favori te salad or meat dish.
Depending on t he dish, consider
using cucumber, a red or yellow
carrot, or a firm vegetable of your
choice.
1 Cut a thin 2
1
/2-inch (6-cm) stnp from
a carrot with a peeler or knife Cut in
half lengthw1se and trim ends. Soak
in water for 1 to 2 minutes to soften.
2 One at a time, rol l the strips around
a thin stick at a slight angle, shift-
ing the carrot so the edges are not
aligned with the previous layer of
carrot as you roll.
3 j The fin1shed shape.
Japanese Knot
I Duck and Red Snapper on Daikon Steak
Oncl' again a glazed carrot garnish decorates rich foods
and tJntali1es the eye. This knot-shaped garnish was
inspired by an ancient traditional way of sending notes
or missives. Once written, the paper was folded into a
long rectangular shape, then knotted to form the dis-
tincti\T pentagonal lozenge at the center. This charm-
ing garnish adds a splash of color to any main course,
and here enlivens the more subdued tones of this dish.
It can be made with any similarly textured vegetable,
including turnip and daikon.
Th1s garnish can be made with a
second layer of vegetable such as
da1kon. If you choose to use a
second vegetable, prepare as in
step 1, trim to the same size, then
beg1n knot as shown.
3 I Push end through loop and ...
1
Cut a thm, 4
1
/2-inch (11-cm) length
from a carrot then cut mto
1
h-mch-
wide (1.3-cm) strips. Soak in a strong
saltwater solution (3 tbsp salt to 1 cup/
240 ml water) for 1 to 2 m1nutes.
... pull and shape to finish. R1nse
off the saltwater
17
Knotted Ribbon
Here a thick, juK \ slice of daikon radt sh creates an
island, breaks up the solid red field , and a pl at -
form to displa) .1 sampling of 'cgct.1hlc - including the
edible Knotted Ribbon garnish. The .wd c.1rrot
add visu.1l appeal to\\ hat \\ould orhcrwisc havc been a
fc.>rgettablc presentation. Notice, too, ho\\ t hc orange
of the carrot nice!) bridges the red of the soup and the
startlmg '' of the radish. Tr) this technique
'' ith other \oups to confound the expectations of your
diners.
I Beet Soup
Cut a 6-inch length (15 em) of
carrot, sltce off thm lfa-mch strands
(2-3 mm), then soak in saltwater
(3 tbsp salt to 1 cup/240 ml wat )
for 1 to 2 minutes. er
2 Bring one end around and over t he
other to make a loop, then push the
strand through the loop.
3
1
Pull the strand from the middle to
form the final loop as the knot
t1ghtens.
'-t The finished garn1sh. Be sure to rinse
off the saltwater. Part of the charm
of this decoration lies in 1ts uneven
ends.
1 I From the end of a lemon ...
Simple Square
PerhJps the eJsiest of all the garnishes, the Simple Square can be fash-
ioned from a fruit or vegetable of your choice. As such, it has endless
possibilities. Use one or more squares made from the peel of a lemon,
orange, or lime for a cup of tea, or as an accent alongside a piece of pie
or a scoop of ice cream. On the next page larger squares made from
cooked zucchini do double duty (as do many of the garnishes in this
book), in this case as the meal's veggie and as a decorative bed for
Spiny Lobster.
2 ... shave off a section
of the peel, leaving the
pulp behind.
3 I Cut into squares.
Covered Food Cup
A t.mtalizing mouthful of game meat set on a \\t:dgt.: of
m:lkes f<Jr ,isually pleasing :md zest)' opent.:r to any meal or p.trty.
'Tn this set piece with lightl y grilled chicken or fish, or any seaf(>od
f:w:>ritc such as shrimp, scallop, or crab. Just a sprig of parsley or
other lc:
1
t)r green brings this t(>Od cup to lite. (;roup togt.:ther on a
pbtter ((>r a centerpiece dispbv. Try oranges and lemons and mix
<ltH.l match, depending on the t(HH.l topping.
Roast Duck on a Half Lime
1
Trim the bottom of a lime
so it will stand on 1ts own.
2 ' From the top, trim away
sl1ghtly less than 1!4 of
the lime
Food Cup with
Twist
The curling twist of this garnish not only pro\ides a
dramatic flair for this seafood appetizer, but also adds
a \'ivid third color to this tender senring of lightly
seasoned calamari with salmon caviar (zkurtt). Again,
any food that would benefit
from a splash of lime works
wel l wit h t his decoration,
including grilled chicken
and most seafood.
Calamari Topped with Salmon Roe
3 Make an incis1on
1
/s inch
(3 mm) from the top,
leavmg 1f4 mch (6 mm)
at the back end.
1 I Follow steps 1 and 2 of
the Covered Food Cup,
then on the top side cut
away the peel and pith as
shown, following the lip
of the lime three-quarters
of the way around.
... slip the end through
loop to complete.
Y
1
Lift flap to insert food.
2 Make a loop with the
peel, then ...
The finished garnish
25
Tulip Cup
The deep reservoir of the Tulip Cup lends itself to
endless food combinations, from appetizers to salads to
a small, palate-cleansing scoop of sorbet. Choose some-
thing that blends visually with the lemon. Tulip Cups
are also perfect for shrimp cocktails, avocado salad, or
many other meal starters. Try making these cups with
limes, oranges, or pink grapefruit, or a festive combina-
tion of two or three colors.
1 Insert three skewers just
above the halfway point
of the fruit to form a
triangle.
Make two more cuts to
form the last 2 petals and
complete the triangle.
2 Make a steep curving cut
from one skewer to the
next to form a lip of the
tulip petal.
Lf Remove the peel and
make a shallow cut on
the underside of each
petal to define the
shape.
Set skewers in fruit as shown I
just above the halfway point.
Marinated Salmon with Olive and Onion
Pumpkin Jewel Box
This edible g:trnish takes advant age of th<.: Japanese pump-
kin':- The outer green .s kin has hcen
reeled otr and the inside filled with ri sotto, ll1l popular
L .
. J tl pin<T it.s winus. The Dancmg Crane works well on any salad
brr .tp :-> ::.->
I
.
1
J,, .
1
nnin course of meat, ftsh, or poultry. Here, when
or a Lh..
. I ,d .
1
top a cht>rr\ tomato for a simple finger food, the bird
prt L 1<.: .
. ,
1
s r
1
ken one step further.
unage
1
In a 1-inch (2.5-cm) length of
cucumber, make a series of fine
cuts, leaving the last Va inch (3 mm)
untouched. For even cutting, lay
skewers or chopst1cks on each side
of the cucumber to stop the blade.
2 1
Make an incision through two-thirds
of the section. Soak in a weak saltwa-
ter solution (1 tbsp salt to 1 cup/
240 ml water) for 1 minute, then rinse
and wrap in a cloth to draw off the
rest of the water.
Leaf Boat Canape
Hne the decorative garnish is half of t he offering. With its light
and relatively neutral tast e, the Japanese cucumber provides a won-
derful base for any food combination you could t hi nk of. whether
. ' '
it involves seafood, meat, poultry, cheese, or e\en, say, a vegetable
pate. Try making this garnish with raw or parboi led carrot.
Cucumber and
Tomato with
Orange Dressing
Gent ly spread and shape to create
the Dancing Crane.
Crab and Cucumber Canape
Topped with Salmon Roe
l
Cut a cucumber in half
then mto
2
-lnch (S-cm) lengths.
Ftnely score each piece
stoppmg about 1..13 1nch'
(
3
rnm) from the bottom.
Set skewers or chopsticks
along the s1des of the
cucumber to stop the
blade, If necessa
2 1
Cut in half lengthwise,
then soak in a weak salt-
water solution for 1 or
3
Shape each side of the
boat to make the narrow
point of the bow.
Lt
I
Bring the two halves
together and finish
shaping.
2 mtnutes, then rinse and
dry as in step 2 of the
Dancing Crane.
Cucumber Rings an_d
Vegetable Twigs
\\' hen one is cnconlp,l:,Sl'll in the di sh it opens the door t o
a second lr:1rnish, in thi s c:1"c \ Tc!.!.CUihl c T wiu_:,. The C uc umber Rings add
,- . (.J "- '
m<n'CI1H.:' nt :1 hue to the crepes. The multicolored twigs contrib-
ute .1 pby(ul touch :111d :1 r:1inbo\\ o( n:llur:tl colors. For a colorful salad
or dish, consider stringmg
together ,1 sm.dl chain of rings or
\'Cl<ic t \\'ilrs <ncr the ton.
t t" n r
1
2
32
Cut a 1-inch (2.5-cm) length from the
top of a cucumber, about V4 inch
{5 mm) Cut off a %-inch-wide
(5-mm) stnp from the side.
2 nc
Slors as shown c tf
nea y to tne top as anu 3.
2 Make an 1nc1sion m 2 of the rings.
I D1nner Crepes with Japanese Eel
Spread the side pieces and . ..
Cut a 1-inch (2.5-cm) length f
cumber and punch out th
0
cu-
. h e center
Wit a round cookie cutte
I
r, punch
or app e corer. Cut into 4 nng ,
s.
3 I Li nk 2 rings to make a chain.
Y ... tuck 1 side under to finish Veg-
etable Twig, t hen soak 1n water for
2 or 3 minutes.
Cork crew
......... dae praiah u incorporated into the
1tuftiap with their
ddl pt'Dith caD be
._. rok 11 cucumber while mew-
......... br-.d to make spiral-
lllgawt.aaw ......
Cucu n ber Basket
' !'his ch n ming baske t shape is inspired hy
the traditionc:ll b.unboo basket, a sight
once comnwn throughout Japan. Here
the cucumber boats carry sardines
in two Jitlt.-rcnt sauces- tomato and
orange. 'Vhcthcr using seafood, poul-
tr), meat, or, s.1y, slivers of mushroom,
the challenge for the cook is to fill the
basket-; "ith complementary sauces
that create a picturesque mosaic of color.
1
Start with a 3-inch (7 .S-cm) length of
cucumber. Cut a 1!.3-inch-wide (8-mm)
handle in the center of the cucum-
ber. The blade should penetrate
about one-third of the cucumber.
2
1
Turn the cucumber cylinder on its
side and trim away the top half of
basket on both sides of the handle.
Carefully carve out the underside of
the handle, hollowing out one side
and then ...
5 ... turning the basket around and
finishing the other. This is delicate
work, so proceed cautiously.
Make incisions to mark out the inte-
nor of the basket and then ...
. . . carefully scoop out to make a
cavity.
3
6
J Sardines in Two Sauces
Trim the bottom so the basket will be
stable.
Decorate the handle, supporting the
underside with a finger if necessary.
9 I The finished basket .
35
Jewe ed Radish
All three of the radish garnishes hLTC are simple to
tllakc. Of the three, perhaps the Jeweled Radish is the
most elegant. The et1cctive usl' of the startling con-
trast between the red skin .md the white flesh is what
gives the garnish its charm. The tl'chnique is equally
attractive with other \'egetables or fruits t hat offer
such colorful contrasts. Note ho\v the green top has
been pruned back but not discarded for an additional
tlourish.
1
1
Trim the bottom of a radish, then
with a fine-edged knife or cuttmg
instrument make a V-shaped cut in
the center of the radish to create
one facet of the mirror ball.
Continue around the center of the
radish until you have completed one
row of cuts.
Make a second row at the top of the
rad1sh.
Complete the cutting with a third
row along the bottom.
5 Trim excess leaves from the top
greenery to finish, or cut away
1
completely if desired.
Rosebud
The Rosebud is another ch:trrning radish
(Tarnish that rew.uds the .11 tent ivc cook with
tT!'C<ll fiH ctfi)rt. It is simple
t"
to
111
:
1
kc, :md with scant pr:H:tice you 'II he :thlc
to whip up a whole bouquet in no t imc t(n
an eye-catching culintry lor a salad,
:
1
longsidc a main dish, or sprinkled among
1
l1c)\dful o( vcggics.
c ' '
Cut away a portion of the radish on
all 4 sides as shown.
Cut a th1rd petal for all sides.
2 Make a cut behind the trimmed por-
tion to form a petal of the Rosebud
Leave room between each of the
4 sides for a second set of petals.
Repeat with the remaining 3 sides.
Make two V-shaped cuts at the top
of the Rosebud to form a cross.
Make cuts to form the first row of
interior petals for all 4 sides.
Trim or remove the leafy greens at
the base to finish.
39
KATSURA-MUKI
A Traditional Japanese Pattern
1 Cut a 4- to 6-inch (1 0- to 15-cm)
length from the widest part of a
daikon rad1sh. Hold the rad1sh w1th
your left hand and slide the edge of
a sharp knife evenly into the daikon.
While rotating the daikon, cut away
the skm and tough outer portion.
Discard and then slip the knife into
the trimmed daikon ...
Cut slowly and steadily.
2 ... and while rotating the daikon
with your left fingers and guiding it
with your thumb, cut a thin, continuous
sheet of daikon (about 1/16 inch/1 mm)
by gently moving the knife up and
down in a sawing motion. Move the
b lade up and back in 1!2-inch (1-cm)
Increments. The rotating should do
most of the cutting. Work to find
your own rhythm.
5 1 With pract1ce, you'll be able to cut a
I
consistently thin, translucent sheet.
Cut until the d1ameter of t he da1kon
1 sect1on 1s reduced to 1 inch (2.5 em).
3 The thumb of your left hand wi ll slide
over the blade. Pull it back, rotate,
and cont1nue to cut.
6 Carefully role up the daikon shee_t .
Seal it in plastic wrap to prevent 1t
1
from drymg out.
NOTE: When thinly cut, a large daikon
radish with a diameter of 4 inches {1 0 em)
will yield a daikon sheet of 16 to 22 yards
(15 to 20m)!
43
White Lily
This garnish evokes an immediate sense of elegance
when set in a tall flute glas<;, which also serves to
maint.un the flower's shape. Consider other appet
11
-
crs or a scoop of, say, crab salad. A well-chosen
leaf completes the image.
1 I Roll out a strip of daikon. 2 Roll up one side . ..
'
3
1
to form the Lily. The
second layer should stop
at the back of the flower.
'-+ Cut flower from the strip.
5 The shape should look
like th1s. Repeat and
make as many flowers as
you need.
6 Run the edge of a knife
under the top point to
pull out the lip of the
flower and finish the
shape.
I Vegetable and Cheese St1cks
7 The finished form.
1
Mo
:1 ng Glory
\\'1th 1 pu..,h, a It\\ snips, .md J sprig n( grccnl"ry,
these rolled' egct.1blc cups .Ire 1 into
the verY im.t1!C of a J\1orning 1\ dd ,t pl.tl t el
.
or more del or.tt j,re .tl .md ) ou lt,t\ l' .1 s ltl ll -
r.
1
hlc or \\ith more llo\\CI's, .1
.
ccn tcrpiu:c.
1
\ v:tri:ttion o( t his garnish :1ppt. trs o r1
J
):wc 13 minu:; the (i n:d snips to dtlinc:tt c tht pct.tl s
r-
of (he tl o\\ cr.
From a tightly rolled daikon sheet
(page 43) cut off a
1
/2-inch-thick
(1.3-cm) round.
2 Push out gently at the center,
being careful to spread the layers
evenly . . .
3 I to make the Morning Glory base.
Make four shallow cuts at the lip to
complete a pent agonal flower.
5 Th fmt hed flower
48
I
Papaya and Salmon Roll, Asparagus and Prosc1utto
Roll, Tuna Sash11ni and Japanese Long On1ons
Zu -chi
with Pad
le
T he z ucchini
1
s .lllothcr c .unplc of .1 fooJ g.tt-
nish t h.
1
t nuJc "ith little ctlort but Jclights \\ it h
- ,,
it s seeming C(lmplcxit y: A\.1\. I cnlort ul
is done here, and the t o litl>.
Thl" fim- .md cook's challenge-is in
finding an appropri.He t lw
t(Jnd nf his or her choice.
I Sushi Balls with Sprig of Ginger
. . . trim the top and bot-
tom.
Cut the top and bottom
into thirds as shown.
Zucchini Rolls
Here the Zucchini Rolls provide an edible
decorative base for tasty morsels of beef, but
of course the idea lends itself to numerous
possibilities. An ongoing theme in these pages
is to combine a succulent morsel of food with
something simple yet substantial such as
zucchini. Use your imag-
ination to provide
additional toppings,
or to supplant the
zucchini with a
new vegetable.
1
1
Peel the zucch1ni.
Cross two outside strips .
Repeat on the other end.
Trim ends of the zucchini
then cut into 1-inch-thick
(2.5 em) discs.
Prime R1b Cubes over Sauteed Zucchini
50
2 I Cut it into long stnps.
3 Stack and ...
7 I The f inished Boat.
Cut to make sw1rling
pattern.
3 I Saute or serve raw
CUTOUTS
Diamonds
rhe Rough
111
,,,_ ut \'l'l'l't.l bk e.Kh in
1\\tlfllllf, \. :""
I
.