CONTROLLING VARIABLES/Y4/SET 1

CONTROLLING VARIABLES YEAR 4 1. Daniel carries out an investigation. He uses two young trees of the same size. One of the young trees is wrapped with transparent plastic. Then both young trees are placed in the open.

The observations that are recorded after one week are as follows. 1. Young tree P wilts 2. Young tree Q is fresh a) In this investigation.. i) What is changed? _______________________________________________________ ii) What is observed? _______________________________________________________ b) What is kept the same? _______________________________________________________

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2. A group of pupils carried out a fair test about the number of marbles that can fill inside a box. The bar chart below shows the result.
Number of marbles that can be filled

40 30 20 10
Size of box

30

60

90

120

a) State the things in this fair test that are: i) changed : __________________________________________ ii) observed : _________________________________________ iii) kept the same : _____________________________________

3. Diagram below shows the rate at which water is observed by four materials which are dipped in coloured water for 10 minutes.
tissue newspaper plastic glass

Coloured water Level of water absorbed

CONTROLLING VARIABLES/Y4/SET 1

a) In this investigation.. i) What is changed? ________________________________________________________ ii) What is observed? ________________________________________________________ iii) What is kept the same? ________________________________________________________

4. Diagram below shows the placement of the planets.

Planet K Planet M

Planet J

Planet L

Planet J is the hottest while planet M is the coldest. a) Based on the information give, state i) What is changed _____________________________________________________ ii) What is measured ______________________________________________________

CONTROLLING VARIABLES/Y4/SET 1

5. Picture below shows two different methods of ploughing in paddy fields.

Picture P The results are recorded below :

Picture Q

Picture P: 7 days to complete ploughing Picture Q: 3 days to complete ploughing. a) State two information that is gathered in this investigation. i) ______________________________________________________ ii) ______________________________________________________

CONTROLLING VARIABLES/Y4/SET 1

CONTROLLING VARIABLES : YEAR 5 1. The bar chart below shows the result of a fair test on the growth of microorganisms on food.
Number of mould spots on the bread

20 16 12 8 4

................................................... ........................................ ............................. ................... ........

1 a) In this investigation, state... i) what is observed

Week

_______________________________________________________ ii) what is changed _______________________________________________________ iii) what is kept the same _______________________________________________________

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2.

The figure shows the apparatus and results of an investigation to study the relationship between the direction of a source of light and the length of the shadow formed.

a) In this investigation, state i) what is being changed ___________________________________________________________ ii) what is being measured ___________________________________________________________ ii) what is kept the same ___________________________________________________________ 3. A group of pupils carried out an investigation on drying a piece of cloth. Table 1 shows the result of the investigation. Temperature of surrounding ( oC ) Time taken for the cloth to dry ( hours) 5 Table 1 4 3 1 30 40 50 60

CONTROLLING VARIABLES/Y4/SET 1

a) Based on the investigation above, state i) What is changed ? __________________________________________________ ii) What is observed? __________________________________________________ iii) What is kept the same ? __________________________________________________

4. Table 1 shows the observation about the shadow formation of object X.

Time Direction of shadow

8.00 a.m. West

10.00 a.m. West

12.00 p.m. Between west and east 1

1.00 p.m. East

Length of shadow (m)

9 Table 2

a) In this investigation, identify what is... i ) change ii ) observe : __________________________________________ : __________________________________________

iii ) Kept the same : __________________________________________

5. A pupil intends to investigate the stability of 4 toy cars when they move

CONTROLLING VARIABLES/Y4/SET 1

around a bend. The toy cars, shown in the figure, have the same base areas but different heights.

a) State two information that can be gathered in this investigation. i) ________________________________________________ ii) ________________________________________________ b) In the investigation, what is kept the same ? __________________________________________________

CONTROLLING VARIABLES YEAR 6

glass cover

Glass container

rat

W
Figure 1

1. Figure 1 show the apparatus used in a study. In container W is one rat, in container X are two rats and in container Y are three rats. It was found that the rats in container Y died the fastest while the rat in container W was the last to die.

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a) State two information variables that need to be collected from this experiment. ________________________________________________________

2. Three bricks that are the same are pulled up the inclined planes P, Q and R with the same amount of force. Table shows the time taken to reach the top. Inclined plane P R Time taken (s) 10 6 3

Table 1

a) State two factors that need to be taken into account. _____________________________________________________ b) What variable must be kept the same? ____________________________________________________

Figure 2

3. Fish P and fish Q are freshly caught from the river. Fish P is kept in the fridge while fish Q is left in the cupboard in the kitchen. The next day, it is found that fish P is still fresh but fish Q is already smelly. a) In this investigation, state the thing that is. i) Changed : ___________________________________________

CONTROLLING VARIABLES/Y4/SET 1

ii)

Observed : ___________________________________________ b) What is kept the same in this experiment? _____________________________________________________

X
Rock
Figure 3

4. Figure 3 shows a lever system set up to move a rock. Table 2 shows the force needed to lift the rock. Force applied X Y Z
Table 2

Force needed (N) 20 15 10

a)

In this investigation, state the thing that is: i) changed : _____________________________

ii) measured : ______________________________ b) What variable must be kept the same? ____________________________________________________ 5. Figure 3 shows the force needed to drag a load on two different surfaces. The time taken to drag the load over a distance of 2 metres is 15 seconds.

Figure 3

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a) What are the two things that should be kept the same to make this test fair? i) ______________________________________________________ ii) ______________________________________________________ Answers : CONTROLLING VARIABLES YEAR 4 1. a) i) The presence of air ii) The conditions of the young trees after a week

b) Type of plants / condition of the plants before experiment / size of plants / type of soil / presence of sunlight 2.a) i) Size of box ii) Number of marbles that can be filled. iii) Size of marbles i) The type of material ii) The absorption of water by each material iii) Type of water / size of material / time taken to immerse the material i) Location of the Planet from the Sun ii) Temperature of the Planets i) Type of technology used ii) Time taken to complete ploughing

3.a)

4.a) 5.a)

Answers: CONTROLLING VARIABLE YEAR 5 1.a) i) Number of mould spots on the bread

ii) Number of week iii) Types of bread 2.a) i) the position of a source of light

ii) the length of the shadow formed. iii) The height/ shape of the wooden block

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CONTROLLING VARIABLES/Y4/SET 1

3.a)

i) temperature of surrounding ii) time taken for the cloth to dry. iii)Types of cloth/thickness of cloth

4.a)

i) Time of investigation / period of time ii) Direction of shadow and length of shadow iii) Length of pole / place of investigation

5.a)

i) the height of the toy cars ii) the stability of the toy cars. c) the base area of the toy cars.

Answers : CONTROLLING VARIABLES - Year 6 1. 2. a) The number of rats and lifespan a) i) The height of the inclined plane ii) The time taken to reach the top. b) Size / mass / weight of the brick / amount of force applied 3. a) i) The place where the fish is placed ii) The condition of the fish b) Type of fish / The freshness of the fish before experiment 4. a) i) The distance of force from the fulcrum ii) Amount of force needed b) The weight / mass of the rock 5. a) i. The type of the surface areas ii. The number of pupils needs to drag the load

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