Chapter 21 Study Guide and Answers

1. What did the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 do? Banned slavery in the Northwest territory; no slavery north of the Ohio River. 2. What was the problem with admitting Missouri to the Union? It wanted to be admitted as a slave state but most of was north of where the Ohio River would have been if it went that far west. 3. What question was raised in regards to the problem with Missouri? Should slavery be allowed in the Louisiana Territory? 4. Who controlled more votes in the House of Representatives, the North or the South? The North had more in the House. 5. Who had more votes in the Senate? They had an equal amount of votes in the Senate. 6. What were the main points of the Missouri Compromise ? Missouri would be admitted as a slave state. Maine would be admitted as a free state. The 3630 divided free from slave territory. 7. What was its major accomplishment? It quieted the slavery debate for a while. 8. What was the gag rule? A rule enacted by Congress to ignore the petitions of the abolitionists to ban slavery in Washington D.C. 9. How did John Quincy Adams try to end slavery? He tried to pass a bill through Congress that would make any slave born after 1845 free. 10. What did Southerners compare to helping a slave escape? Like robbing a bank. 11. What was the Underground Railroad and who was its most prominent leader? Safe routes that escaped slaves would follow to make it to the North, Canada, Mexico, or Florida. Harriet Tubman 12. What were the four main points involved in the Compromise of 1850? CA was admitted as a free state. Slave trade was banned in Washington, D.C. New Mexico and Utah Territory was open to slavery. Strong fugitive slave law 13. Why was slavery an issue in deciding whether or not to admit California to the Union? Didnt want to upset the balance of Free states and slave states. 14. Which part of the Compromise of 1850 created the biggest controversy? The Fugitive slave law 15. Who wrote Uncle Toms Cabin? What was it about? What was the purpose of the book? Harriet Beecher Stowe

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A cruel slaveholder named Legree and his slave named Uncle Tom. To turn people away from slavery What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act. It allowed the Kansas-Nebraska Territories to decide for themselves (popular sovereignty) if they wanted slavery, despite the fact that it was north of the 3630. What led newspapers to speak of Bleeding Kansas in 1856? Because of the bloodshed that took place there as a result of conflict between antislavery and pro-slavery forces. Who was Dred Scott and what were the two major outcomes of the Dred Scott decision? He was a slave that was taken from Missouri to Wisconsin, and then returned to MO 2 years later. He then sued for his freedom b/c of the time he lived in free territory. Blacks are not citizens and therefore cannot sue in federal court. Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional and slavery would be allowed in all of the territories. What did John Brown hope to accomplish in his raid at Harpers Ferry? How was he viewed by abolitionists? He hoped to seize weapons and munitions in order to arm slaves in the South in hopes that they would revolt and win their freedom. He was viewed as a hero by the abolitionists. In the Election of 1860, which party nominated Abraham Lincoln? What became clear by the election of 1860 (the election of 1860 showed how)? Republican How divided the nation was over the slavery issue. How did Lincoln feel about slavery? He was against slavery. He was willing to let the southern states keep their slaves, but he was totally opposed to letting slavery expand into the territories. What turned the secession crisis into a civil war? When South Carolina began shelling Ft. Sumter.