Pump Training Slides Slides 1 - 20

Pump Design Part I
Engr. Bolakale Uthman
This document is for exclusive use only. Copying without permission of DeltaAfrik is not permitted
Page 1
Training Agenda: Pumps
Introduction Type of pumps Assessment of pumps Energy efficiency opportunities
Page 2
Common Pump Terminology
Capacity Total Head (H) Shutoff Head Rise to Shutoff Minimum Recirculation Best Efficiency Point Runout Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) Brake Horsepower
Page 3
Introduction
What are Pumping Systems?

Objective of pumping system Transfer liquid from source to destination Circulate liquid around a system
Page 4
Introduction
What are Pumping Systems

Main pump components
Pumps Prime movers: electric motors, diesel engines, air system Piping to carry fluid Valves to control flow in system Other fittings, control, instrumentation
End-use equipment
Heat exchangers, tanks, hydraulic machines
Page 5
Introduction
Pumping System Characteristics

Head
Resistance of the system Two types: static and friction
source Static head destination
Static head
Difference in height between source and destination Independent of flow
Static head
Flow
This document is for exclusive use only. Copying without permission of DeltaAfrik is not permitted Page 6
Introduction

Static head consists of
Static suction head (hS): lifting liquid relative to pump center line Static discharge head (hD) vertical distance between centerline and liquid surface in destination tank
Static head at certain pressure

Head (in feet) = Pressure (psi) X 2.31 Specific gravity
Introduction

Friction head
Resistance to flow in pipe and fittings Depends on size, pipes, pipe fittings, flow rate, nature of liquid Proportional to square of flow rate Closed loop system only has friction head (no static head)
Friction head
Flow
Page 8
Introduction

In most cases: Total head = Static head + friction head
System curve System curve
System head
Static head
Friction head
System head
Friction head Static head
Flow
Flow
Page 9
Introduction

Pump performance curve Relationship between head and flow
Flow increase System resistance increases Head increases Flow decreases to zero
Flow Head
Performance curve for centrifugal pump
Zero flow rate: risk of

pump burnout
Introduction

Pump operating point
Duty point: rate of flow at certain head Pump operating point: intersection of pump curve and system curve
Head
Pump performance curve
System curve
Pump operating point
Static head
Flow
Introduction

Pump suction performance (NPSH)
Cavitation or vaporization: bubbles inside pump If vapor bubbles collapse Erosion of vane surfaces Increased noise and vibration Choking of impeller passages Net Positive Suction Head NPSH Available: how much pump suction exceeds liquid vapor pressure NPSH Required: pump suction needed to avoid cavitation
Typical Pump Curve
Shutoff Head
Best Efficiency Point
Brake Horsepower Rise to Shutoff
System Curve
Runout
Minimum Recirculation
NPSH required
Hf
Hs NPSHr at runout NPSHr at rated condition

Fundamental Types of Pumps

Types of Pumps Centrifugal Pumps
Steam Pumps Any of the pumps can have one or several impellers, which may be; Power Pumps Metering Pumps Diaphragm Pumps Simplex, with single cylinder Duplex, with two cylinders Triplex, with three cylinders Quadruplex, with four cylinders Quintuplex, with five cylinders Multiplex, with many cylinders Gear Pumps Vane Pumps Screw Pumps Progressive Cavity Pumps Lobe Pumps
PD Pumps
Axial Flow
Reciprocating Pumps
Mixed Flow
Open Closed Semi-Open Single Suction Double Suction
Rotary Pumps
Radial Flow
End Suction Pumps In-line Pumps Vertical Volute Pumps Axially (Horizontally) Split Pumps Multi-staged Centrifugal Pumps Vertical Turbine Pumps
Page 15
Approximate Upper limit of Pressure and Capacity by Pump Class
Page 16
Type of Pumps
Positive Displacement Pumps

For each pump revolution
Fixed amount of liquid taken from one end Positively discharged at other end
If pipe blocked
Pressure rises Can damage pump
Used for pumping fluids other than water
Page 17
Type of Pumps
Positive Displacement Pumps

Reciprocating pump
Displacement by reciprocation of piston plunger Used only for viscous fluids and oil wells
Rotary pump
Displacement by rotary action of gear, cam or vanes Several sub-types Used for special services in industry
Type of Pumps
Dynamic pumps
Mode of operation
Rotating impeller converts kinetic energy into pressure or velocity to pump the fluid
Page 19
Type of Pumps
Centrifugal Pumps
How do they work?
Liquid forced into impeller Vanes pass kinetic energy to liquid: liquid rotates and leaves impeller Volute casing converts kinetic energy into pressure energy
(Sahdev M)

Pump Training Slides Slides 1 - 20

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Исходное описание:

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Pump Training Slides Slides 1 - 20

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Pump Design Part I

Engr. Bolakale Uthman

Training Agenda: Pumps

Introduction Type of pumps Assessment of pumps Energy efficiency opportunities

Common Pump Terminology

What are Pumping Systems?

What are Pumping Systems

Pumping System Characteristics

Pumping System Characteristics

Static head at certain pressure

Pumping System Characteristics

Pumping System Characteristics

Friction head Static head

Pumping System Characteristics

Performance curve for centrifugal pump

Zero flow rate: risk of

Pumping System Characteristics

Pump operating point

Pumping System Characteristics

Typical Pump Curve

Best Efficiency Point

Brake Horsepower Rise to Shutoff

Hs NPSHr at runout NPSHr at rated condition

Fundamental Types of Pumps

Open Closed Semi-Open Single Suction Double Suction

Approximate Upper limit of Pressure and Capacity by Pump Class

Positive Displacement Pumps

Used for pumping fluids other than water

Positive Displacement Pumps

Вам также может понравиться