POLYTECNICHNIC UNGKU OMAR MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARMENT

COURSE CODE TASK LECTURER Submitted by : : : : Student Matrix No: 01DKM10F2019 01DKM10F2018 01DKM10F2017 01DKM10F2021

JJ308 ENGNEERING LABORATORY 2

DATE: 15/02/2012 Procedures (20%) Result Graph/Analysis (40%) Discussion/Conclusion (30%) Report Presentation (10%) OVERALL MARKS (100%) Name & Signature ( Date: )

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LEARNING OUTCOMES At the end of this experiment, the students should be able to; 1.1 1.2 Determine the coefficient of discharge, Cd of venturi meter. Know the experimental techniques for fluid mechanics.

2.0

APPARATUS/EQUIPMENT 2.1 Venturi meter apparatus 2.2 Stop watch

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SAFETY AND HEALTH 3.1 Read the experimental instructions carefully. 3.2 Keep your workspace clean and tidy.

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THEORY

A venturi meter is a device which has been used for many years to measure the discharge or flow rate along a pipe line. The fluid flows in the pipe line are led through a contracted section of a throat, which has a smaller cross-sectional area than the pipe. Therefore the velocity of the fluid flows through the throat is higher than that in the pipe. The increasing of the velocity is accompanied by the fall of pressure, the magnitude of which depends on the flow rate. By measuring the pressure drop, the discharge can be calculated. Beyond the throat, the fluid decelerates into a slowly diverging section of the pipe (sometimes referred to as a diffuser) in order to recover as much of the kinetic energy as possible.

5.0

PROCEDURES 5.1 Record the diameter of the pipe and the neck of the venturi meter as shown. 5.2 Switch on the pump and slowly open the inlet valve. 5.3 Slowly adjust the inlet valve to get the appropriate or maximum level at the flow meter. 5.4 Record the water level depth (pressure pillar) in the piezometer tube 1(h2) and piezometer tube 2 (h1 ). 5.5 Close the outlet control valve. Measure the times taken for 5 litre increment in the water level at the discharge measurement. 5.6 Open fully the outlet control valve.

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5.8

Repeat procedures 5.3 to 5.5. Resume with a lower water level and record h1, h2 and time for each of the flow rate values. At the end of the experiment, switch off the pump and also the control flow valve.

6.0

RESULTS/DATA Diameter of pipe, D Diameter of neck, d = = 26mm 16mm

Table 1: Water volume and piezometer readings PIEZOMETER No. WATER VOLUME TIME(t) READING LITER m (s) h1 h2 1 5 0.005 6 365 115 2 5 0.005 8 320 135 3 5 0.005 10 280 155 4 5 0.005 15 245 178 5 5 0.005 20 230 190 Calculation data: Diameter of pipe, D Diameter of neck, d

= =

0.026m 0.026m

Table 2: Discharge and different of head pressure Water Quantity Discharge Different of No. head pressure Volume(V) Time(t) = 1- 2 (m/s) (m) (s) (m) 1 0.005 6 0.25 2 0.005 8 0.185 3 0.005 10 0.125 4 0.005 15 0.067 5 0.005 20 0.04

(m) 0.5 0.43 0.35 0.26 0.2