Cc c tnh k thut c bn ca v tinh VINASAT-1

Vo lc 05h17 ngy 19/4/2008 (gi H Ni) v tinh u tin ca Vit Nam VINASAT-1 c a ln qu o ph (parking orbit) bng tn la y Arian-5 t bi phng trn o Kourou - Guiana thuc Php. Sau VINASAT-1 c iu khin t b trn qu o chuyn tip (transfer orbit) v n 09h ngy 24/4/2008 ln v tr 1310E sau thc hin cc php o kim tra v tinh trn qu o (In Orbit Test) sau s a v v tr 1320E (ng) sn sng cho vic bn giao a vo khai thc.

VINASAT-1 cung cp cc dch v: o to t xa; Truyn hnh DTH; Truyn hnh hi ngh; Knh thu ring dnh cho thng tin di ng; Truyn d liu cho cc ngn hng; ng truyn dn cho nh cung cp dch v Internet (ISP); Dch v in thoi vng su vng xa...

1. Vi nt v iu khin v tinh trn qu o

V tinh VINASAT1 lm vic trn qu o a tnh (mi trng c rt t khng kh do p sut rt thp, trng lng khng n nh) v th vic iu khin v bo dng rt kh khn. m bo lm vic n nh trn qu o a tnh, phi lm sao gi v tinh n nh ti v tr ca n trn qu o a tnh thng dng hai loi: v tinh n nh thn hoc v tinh n nh quay; VINASAT1 l loi v tinh n nh thn, cn gi l n nh 3 trc (ROLL, PITCH, YAW) lm vic theo nguyn l con quay. Lu , v tinh n nh thn gn lin vi mt h thng ta gm 3 trc u xut pht t tm v tinh, trc YAW (trc hng tm) hng vo tm tri t, trc PITCH vung gc vi trc YAW v hng ti hng Nam, trc ROLL vung gc vi hai trc PITCH v YAW v hng dc theo vector tc chuyn ng ca v tinh, tc quay ca cc bnh xe theo ba trc tng ng s lm thay i trng thi bay ca v tinh.

B cm bin (sensor) PITCH v ROLL (dng tia hng ngoi hoc tn s v tuyn) pht hin sai s ca trc PITCH v ROLL a v b x l, sau b ny a ra cc lnh iu khin bnh xe trc PITCH v ROLL. Cm bin trc YAW pht hin sai s trc YAW a n b x l iu khin bnh xe trc ny, ngoi ra cm bin YAW cn c chc nng ca con quay hi chuyn l cm nhn s thay i qun tnh trong hng mt phng ca trc quay.

Cn t nht 3 bnh iu khin v tinh quay theo 3 trc, cc bnh lm nhim v n nh v tinh trong khng gian v hiu chnh v tr qu o ca v tinh bng cch thay i tc quay; Khi cc bnh quay n tc ti hn m vn khng iu khin c v tinh v v tr qu o ng th b x l kch hot cc ng c y phn lc t nhiu ni trn v tinh lm vic a v tinh v v tr ng trn qu o.

H thng o xa trn v tinh thu thp cc d liu t cc b phn cu thnh sau x l v pht v tri t; Cc b cm bin gim st hot ng v tinh cung cp d liu v: nhit , in p, dng in, p sut,... cho h thng o xa; Tn hiu t cc b cm bin t th (dng bay) v my o gia tc c pht v tri t; Trm o xa v iu khin v tinh trn mt t nhn cc tn hiu , x l v pht lnh iu khin ln v tinh theo yu cu khai thc.

2. Cu trc h thng vin thng trn v tinh a tnh

Cc b phn c bn ca phn vin thng trn v tinh VINASAT-1 c m t trn Hnh 1 bao gm: ng ln v ng xung c th nh sau:

ng ln (Uplink): l tuyn pht t trm mt t ln v tinh. im kt cui ng ln v tinh l anten thu (Receive Antenna - Uplink) v tinh, thu tn hiu t trm mt t pht ln (rt nh cng vi tp m tch lu sau khi truyn qua khng gian di khong 36.000 km) sau c b khuch i tp m thp (LNA - Low Noise Amplifier, c tp m ni rt thp) khuch i tn hiu (bao gm c tp m thu c) ln mc cn thit ri a n cc b lc (filter), tip theo tn hiu c lm cho yu i hoc mnh ln (Atten/Amp) tu theo yu cu khai thc ri a n h thng x l (Proccessing).

ng xung (Downlink): Tn hiu u ra ca Proccesing c a n b Atten/Amp lm yu i hoc mnh ln tu theo yu cu ri a n cc b lc ly cc tn hiu mong mun a n b khuch i cng sut ln (High Power Amplifier) ri a ra anten pht (Transmit Antenna) pht tn hiu xung mt t.

Ton b h thng suy hao, khuch i ca ng ln v ng xung cng h thng dch tn (Freq Trans) c iu khin v a n h thng Proccessing.

Hnh 1: Mt ct v tinh

3. Mt s thng s k thut c bn:

V tinh VINASAT-1 c phng ln qu o ph v iu khin ln v tr 132o E trn qu o a tnh v cch b mt tri t khong 35768 km; Tui th ti thiu 15 nm (c th t n 20 nm); n nh v tr trn qu o a tnh theo kinh v v : +/0,050 v hot ng n nh trong sut thi gian sng ca v tinh.

a/ Bng tn C m rng (C-Extended):

- Tng s b pht p: 08 b, mi b pht p lm vic bng tn c rng 36 MHz

- ng ln (Uplink):

Tn s pht Tx: 6.425-6.725 MHz

Phn cc tn hiu: thng ng (Vertical) v phn cc nm ngang (Horizontal)

- ng xung (Downlink):

Tn s thu Rx: 3.400-3.700 MHz

Phn cc tn hiu: Nm ngang (Horizontal), Thng ng (Vertical)

- Mt dung lng bo ha (SFD): - 85 dBW/m2

- Vng ph sng bao gm: Vit Nam, ng Nam , Trung Quc, Triu Tin, n , Nht Bn v Australia.

Tn hiu truyn qua khng gian b suy hao cng ln tn s cng cao v ngc li, do tit kim nng lng trn v tinh ngi ta s dng tn s ng xung (Downlink) thp hn tn s ng ln (Uplink).

Bng 1: EIRP v G/T ca Bng tn C Thnh ph H Ni H Ch Minh Hi Phng Nng Nha Trang Qui Nhn Hu Cn Th Nam nh Vinh M Tho Cam Ranh Vng Tu Phnompenh Bangkok Chiang Mai Singapore Alor Star Kota Kinabalu Jakarta Medan Kupang YANGON MANILA Zamboanga Banda Seiri Begawan Chittagong Beijing Dalian Quc gia Vit Nam Vit Nam Vit Nam Vit Nam Vit Nam Vit Nam Vit Nam Vit Nam Vit Nam Vit Nam Vit Nam Vit Nam Vit Nam Campuchia Thi Lan Thi Lan Singapore Malaysia Malaysia Indonesia Indonesia Indonesia Myanmar Philippines Philippine Brunei Bangladesh Trung Quc Trung Quc EIRP (dBW) 44.2 43.7 44.2 44.2 43.9 44.0 44.3 43.5 44.2 44.3 43.6 43.8 43.6 43.7 43.5 43.7 41.1 42.0 41.7 39.0 41.0 40.6 43.1 41.4 40.5 G/T (dB/K) -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.8 -0.7 -0.2 -2.1 -2.4 -0.7 -2.6 -1.1 -2.4 -2.6 -1.8 -1.4 -1.4 -2.2

Shanghai

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