Chapter 19 Blood Sample Questions

1.

A healthy adult male individual contains about ___ liters of blood. Your Answer: 5-6 The average volume of circulating blood in males is about 5 to 6 liters and about 4 to 5 liters in females.

2.

A major plasma protein that maintains the blood osmotic pressure is Your Answer: albumin. Albumin constitutes 60% of plasma protein and primarily functions in maintaining water balance between blood and body tissues.

3.

Blood group O Correct Answer: is a universal donor because they can give blood to all other groups. Group O red blood cells contain neither the A nor the B antigen.

4.

Diapedesis refers to Correct Answer: the escape of leukocytes from blood vessels into tissue spaces. To protect the body from foreign invasion, WBC need to leave circulation and move out of capillary vessels into tissue space, a process called diapedesis.

5.

During the life cycle of red blood cells, Correct Answer: RBCs are unable to synthesize proteins, grow, or undergo mitotic division. A mature RBC has lost its nucleus and other cellular organelles and is unable to perform functions associated with that loss. Therefore the life cycle is about 120 days.

6.

Granulocytes do NOT include Correct Answer: monocytes. Monocytes lack granules in their cytoplasm and are agranulocytes.

7.

Mature red blood cells in the circulating blood are filled with Correct Answer: hemoglobin molecules. Red blood cells are filled with hemoglobin molecules.

8.

Pernicious anemia may result from Your Answer: (blank)

9.

Renal dialysis patients usually suffer from anemia because Correct Answer: their kidneys stop sending the chemical required to stimulate the red bone marrow to cause RBC to mature faster. The kidneys produce the hormone erythropoietin that stimulates RBC production.

10.

The final step in clot formation is Correct Answer: fibrinogen fibrin. The conversion of soluble plasma fibrinogen into an insoluble fibrin completes the clotting process.

11.

The most numerous leukocyte is the Correct Answer: neutrophil. Neutrophils make up 40-70 % of the leukocyte population.

12.

The terms biconcave and anucleated apply to Your Answer: red blood cells. RBCs are biconcave to create more surface area efficient for gas transport

13.

When red blood cells transport respiratory gases Your Answer: oxygen binds to the heme portion while carbon dioxide binds to the globin portion. Oxygen binds to the heme portion to form oxyhemoglobin and carbon dioxide binds to the globin portion to form carbaminohemoglobin.

14.

Which leukocyte contains histamine in its granules? Correct Answer: Basophils The granules in basophils contain histamine.

15.

Which of the following is a protective function of blood? Your Answer: (blank)

16.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of blood? Your Answer: The pH of blood varies between 7.15 to 7.25. Blood has the same pH as the majority of bodily tissues.

17.

Which of the following statements about platelets is INCORRECT? Your Answer: The life span of platelets is 30 to 60 days. The life span of platelets is between 5-10 days.

18.

Which property do white blood cells have in common? Correct Answer: WBC are nucleated and have a protective function. WBC retain their nuclei and help protect the body against foreign invaders.

19.

Which statement is NOT a factor in stimulating the production of erythropoietin by the kidneys? Your Answer: (blank)

20.

Individuals with malaria have a better chance of surviving if they have the following type of anemia. Correct Answer: Sickle-cell anemia RBCs infected with malaria stick to walls of blood vessels and lose potassium causing the parasite to die.

21.

Which of the following types of white blood cells kills parasitic worms; destroys antibody complexes; and inactivates some inflammatory chemicals of allergy? Correct Answer: Eosinophil Eosinophils do all of the described actions.

22.

Which of the following is a function of neutrophils? Correct Answer: Phagocytize bacteria Neutrophils phagocytize bacteria.

23.

Which of the following is a function of erythrocytes? Correct Answer: Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide RBC (erythrocytes) transport gases.

24.

Which of the following is a function of basophils? Correct Answer: Release histamine during allergic reaction Basophils release histamine and other mediators of inflammation.

25.

Which of the following would NOT normally be found in circulating blood? Your Answer: Normoblast Normoblasts are an immature RBC and are not normally found outside of the red bone marrow.

26.

Which of the following is a function of lymphocytes? Correct Answer: Destruction of virus containing cells Lymphocytes are specific immune system cells that destroy the body's invaders.

27.

Which of the following is a function of fibrinogen? Correct Answer: Polymerization Fibrinogen is a protein that polymerizes to help form a clot.