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Writing the articles
Details
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• Unicameral
• One representative from each state
• Powers of congress
Congress has the power to Declare war or sign peace
treaties
Reasons for the Articles of Con.
Weaknesses of Articles:
• Fear of supreme power of taxing
• National government no ability to
tax individuals
• Fear of one person with too much power
• No executive branch
• Bad experiences with courts
• No national court system
• Fear of government regulation of trade
• No power to regulate international
commerce
• No standing army
Revolution: no time to argue over government structure
Land Ordinence of 1785
Process of dividing land in NW territory
Outlined a plan around the land to set up
rectangles for agriculture
Includes support for schools. 1/16 of money
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from land sales would go to public schools in
the region.
Northwest Ordinence of 1787
Process of statehood. Each state would be
equal.
Slavery illegal north of Ohio River
Domestic Affairs under the Articles
Economic depression currency problems, no uniform trade policy, inflation,
overproduction. Farmers hurt.
Rhode Island printing money like crazy runaway inflation. State declared it is legal
tender to be payed for debts.
Massachusetts
Take a different approach, they refuse to print any money. Very high tax burden. They
haven’t done anything about econimic problems.
Shays rebellion – revolutionary war vet, daneil shay, leads a bunch of armed farmers.
The state mulissia is called out, and they put down the rebellion. Although the problem is
not solved
Road to the new constitution
Mt. Vernon conference, 1785.
Men from virgina and Maryland, discussing commerce and such, want to coordinate
economic policies.
Annapolis Convention, 1786.
Alexander Hamilton for a very powerful central government. Gets all the states to get
together in philidephia. Need to come up with a new constitution.
Philidephia, 1787 aka The constitutional convention
Purpose of the Convention:
How powerful should the gov become. Want to balance
liberty and power. Rhode island is scared they will loose
rights because they are smallio, and they stay home.
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Overview of the delegates
55 delegate from 12 states. Average age was 42. 39 served in congress, 8 signed
declartion independence, 17 were slave owners.
Big Names: Ben Franklin (81), George Washington presided,
Not there: Patrick Henry, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, Sam Adams
Secret proceedings: this was a rule, they would close themselves off. This way they
could say what they meant without pressure, and no trying to show off to a gallery.
James Madison. From Virginia, 36 years old. Brilliant. Prepared.