Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Avenues of Research
The Internet, Libraries, ATIP and FOI, Interviews
Resources
Research - Places to Get Started, Research - Corporations,
Research - Government, News Sites, Activist Resources,
Misc Research Institutions
Prepared May 2000 by Megan from the Vancouver local of TAO Communications. To get
more copies of this document or receive further information, please contact TAO-VAN at
vancouver@tao.ca or take a look at our website, http://vancouver.tao.ca. My thanks go out to
the folks at Corp Watch in Britain whos DIY Guide to Corporate Research was copied in part
in this document. This document is anti-copyright which means that you should feel free to copy
and distro it however you would like in part or in full.
INTRODUCTION
Too often, research is the last task activists think of when they engage in a campaign, usually
coming only at the point that someone sits down to write a leaflet or a press release and then
discovers that the one thing missing is the information required to really condemn the company or
other agency being targeted. Being a good activist means knowing and using all available tools -
including solid research skills.
Having good research in the beginning helps activists However, the basics in this pamphlet hold true for
in a number of ways. It helps us choose targets for many places. Legislation like that which exists in
action, it assists us in unearthing information about BC and in Canada exists in many western industrial-
what we are fighting, and it can aid us in being ized countries including the United States and
confident when arguing our case to the public and to Britain. You can do your own research to figure out
other activists. Doing research into law enforcement what exists where you are and how to use it. If there
agencies can allow us to follow patterns of investiga- is a local civil liberties association -they usually will
tion and documentation, thus assisting our ability to be able to help you determine what information
strategize as a movement. rights exist for citizens and how to exercise them.
Other places that may be able to give you assistance
This handbook is meant to give you - the activist - a would be local libraries, university libraries, and
short tour through the world of research and help you your own municipal and provincial (or state) govern-
identify methods and means by which you can get the ments.
information that you need in order to not only fight -
but win the struggles that face us today. Researching Security Note: If you are conducting your
corporate and government information need not be research with the aim of carrying out an
difficult - but does require good organization and illegal action - be very careful that you do
documentation along the way. There are a number of not leave a paper trail that could lead the
strategies that you may employ in gaining access to police to you as a suspect. Make sure, for example,
the information that you seek - its up to you to that any requests for info to government agencies are
determine what is necessary. untraceable, that you search web sites using proxies,
and that you dont become so conspicuous while
This particular document focuses mainly on Canadian searching that you become noticeable to others.
regulations - including the Freedom of Information There is security information available at a couple of
and Privacy Act (BC) and Access to Information the web sites mentioned in our resource section -
legislation due to my familiarity with these pieces of please read through these web pages if you are
legislation. Near the back of this guide, there are considering using your research for activities that
other internet resources mentioned where further info could get you in trouble (if caught!)
is available.
BASIC RESEARCH GUIDELINES
There are a few simple rules that apply no matter what type of research you are doing and and
will assist you in ensuring that your research is accurate, thorough and well documented.
1) KNOW WHAT YOU ARE LOOKING FOR: in many places, in the form of campaign material
When you are doing research - and especially when from another organisation, news and magazine
you are filing requests to the government for info - articles (watch the business section of your local
you need to know exactly what you are looking for. paper for all sorts of interesting info on your favourite
Being too vague can either result in getting too much local corp.), comments made on the evening news by
useless info - or not getting any at all. Often, if you government or corporate figures.... Dont forget to
start out vague, the process of doing the research will ask others who are involved in different aspects of the
help you narrow your searches down to the actual info movement - better-funded research groups like the
that you need. When filing official requests (espe- Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives or the
cially those that cost money) - be very sure of what Council of Canadians (as examples) may already have
you want before you do to avoid wasting both time and some information that they would be willing to share
cash in the process. with you that you could use to create a better re-
search plan at the very least.
2) MAKE A RESEARCH PLAN: Doing solid
research requires good organisational skills. Dont 5) DOCUMENT EVERYTHING: Nothing is worse
start with the more complex search methods first - than getting challenged on your sources and then not
plan out what you need to know and the various ways being able to remember where you dug up a particu-
that you are going to get it. Start with web sites and larly decent piece of information. Make sure that you
other publicly accessible information such as annual write down where you got all of your information
reports and press releases and then move into (well - unless you went to illegal means to get it -
searches that may cost money such as Access to dont write that down of course), so that if challenged,
Information (ATIP) requests. Interviews and other you can back your statements up with a source (print,
person-to-person information gathering are best saved interview, etc.). In the case that you are using
until the end. comments from individuals who wish not to be named
you should refer to them in your notes with a pseudo-
3) GIVE YOURSELF AMPLE TIME: Dont start nym. This ensures that your sources are protected in
doing your research when you need it done - try to the event that your notes are seized by the police or
give yourself as much time as possible. ATIP and FOI otherwise fall into the wrong hands.
requests can take between one and three months to
complete, even web research and other easier routes Security Note: The only time that the
take time (and usually more than you expect). For document-everything-approach goes out the
complete research you dont want to end up rushing window is if you are using the research for
over leads that may take time to follow up, but will illegal activities. In the event that the police
result in good and usable information. search your house, that research dossier could be used
to tie you to the incident in question. A good standard
4) LOOK FOR LEADS and ASK OTHERS: Look when conducting research for the purpose of breaking
for leads in the form of other information already out the law is to destroy everything completely (leaving
there instead of starting from scratch. Leads appear not trace of it) before the action occurs.
AVENUES OF RESEARCH
Some of the following information may seem straight forward to some of you - but for others,
using a web search engine or even entering a public library is an extremely foreign experience.
This is just a brief overview of places that you might begin your searches and some basic points on
methods and approach. Its up to you to determine what sources and material will work best.
Obviously - the complaint process is designed to deter Generally to access records - just request them
people from doing anything more than applying for the directly from the public body that you believe holds
original ATIP, since there is little one can do, short them. Write to the Information and Privacy Office of
of going to court, to make the government cough up the agency and describe the records as clearly and
the info no matter what the Commissioner decides. completely as possible and request access to them.
You should receive a response within 30 days - if
A partial list of some of the most commonly re- additional time is required by the agency it must tell
quested federal government access points (addresses you so and explain why. It also must tell you when
and telephone numbers) is at the back of this guide, a you can expect its full response.
more complete version exists online at the Justice A public body can not charge you for access to your
Department ATIP site - noted above. own information - it may, however, charge you for
access to non-personal information if it takes more
than three hours to find or prepare the records for
Freedom of Information and Privacy Act release. It also may charge you for the cost of copying
(FOIPA): Most provinces have a provincial counter- and sending records to you. If a public body intends to
part to the federal ATIP legislation. The following charge a fee for records, it must first give you a fee
refers specifically to the Freedom of Information and estimate. It also has the authority to excuse a fee.
Privacy legislation introduced in BC in 1993 - but You have the right to complain to the Information and
similar information is available for each province at Privacy Commissioner about a fee.
the Justice Department site listed above. Under the
FOIPA you have two major rights: 1) the right of For more information about the FOI request process
and where to make complaints - check out the
Information and Privacy Commissioners web site at: Bear in mind that companies contain many people. If
http://www.oipcbc.org/ one is unhelpful, you can always try someone else,
possibly with a different alias. Looking at the compa-
Although it seems like a giant hassle to make ATIP nys website beforehand, or even talking to a recep-
and FOI requests - it is often a really useful way to tionist, may give you an idea of how the companys
get some information from government agencies such structured, so who you want to speak to. Getting
as the RCMP and the Vancouver Police - among direct line numbers is always useful. On the other
others - that would not readily be available any other hand, if you ask two different people in a company for
way. Learning your information rights and learning the same information, they might both go to the same
how to use them are important steps in the research colleague for it. So be careful here.
process, and what you learn may prove to be invalu-
able. Always document your interviews, including time,
place, who you spoke to and their position, any alias
Security Note: Records are kept of all you used, major points, important quotes.
individuals filing ATIPS and FOIs - you can,
however, get away with making them using In interviews, open-ended questions allow the subject
an alias and a P.O. Box. Be careful however, to tell you more - you may get something unexpected.
that none of it is traceable to you if that is going to be Throw in a few dummy questions to put your subject
a concern in the future. at ease and if necessary cover your real interests.
Look for leads (eg other people) as well as answers.
What the subject doesnt want to talk about may
provide interesting leads.
Interviews:
Its up to you whether you tell the company who you
(this section was taken from the DIY really are. That may lead to them seeing you as an
guide to Corporate Research): enemy and not helping. If however, you have good
credibility and the company thinks you will publicise
I thought that these folks had a really good section on your findings, they may help you for fear that you will
Interviews and so decided just to append it here publish anyway, and their non-cooperation will make
instead of writing my own! that look worse.
Interviewing your target company should usually be If you tell them youre someone else, adopt an
saved until the end of your research at this stage identity of someone they actively want to talk to (ie
you have a much clearer idea of what you still need to its in their interests) a potential customer, client,
know, and how to find it out. You will also have as supplier, employee, journalist, local historian etc. It
good a case as possible, and its harder for them to lie often helps to flatter the company or the person youre
to you or squirm out of it. talking to, to make them feel good and relaxed. And
give them an opportunity to boast (eg I know your
Prepare for your interviews: brush up on your jargon company is one of the most efficient in the sector
and background knowledge; work out three or four yes weve massively streamlined our workforce; or
different ways in which you can squeeze out the your company has an excellent relationship with
information you require, and anticipate possible government
etc).
responses. Decide beforehand whether youre going to
leave your source friendly or hostile to you after the Generally its easier to be someone of low rank this
interview. is less threatening, and gives you an excuse for not
knowing the answer to all their questions (Ill have
to ask my boss / client). If you can throw in chatty
comments, that helps too (sorry about my voice, Ive
got this throat bug, I cant find my notes, our office
is just being re-decorated, when I took my daughter
to school this morning
, etc). Occasionally you
might find it useful to be more authoritative and
confident, and semi-intimidate your interviewee into
helping you.
________________________________________________
Boycott Shell
Research - Places to get started: http://www.essentialaction.org/shell
obviously - a site about Shell Oil and its legacy of
Best Guide to Canadian Legal Research international human rights abuse
http://legalresearch.org/ Sprawl-Busters
A really good primer on legal research tricks and http://www.sprawl-busters.com
techniques in Canada. Walmart: why it sucks so bad and how you can fight it
Search Engine Watch Project Underground
http://www.searchenginewatch.com/ http://www.moles.org
how search engines work and some good tips for a lot of info here on the oil and mining industries as
utilizing them to their full potential well as info on various campaigns
DIY Research from Corp Watch (Britain) PR Watch
http://www.corporatewatch.org/pages/res4.html http://www.prwatch.org
a good progressive research guide magazine that focuses on PR companies and their
Corporate Strategic Profile Research Guide latest strategies for major corporations
www.rh.edu/dept/library/courses/mgmt6650/ Rainforest Action Network
http://www.ran.org
lots of info on logging and other rainforest industries,
Research - Corporations: indigenous resistance and campaigns
Genewatch UK
Below are some of the many resources that exist to http://www.genewatch.org
help you research corporations and their plunder of genetic engineering and crop trial locations in Britain
the earth and our communities - there are tons of INFACT: Tobacco
resources out there - so look around if what you want http://www.infact.org/helpstop.html
isnt here. the tobacco industry and all its evils
Corporate Watch USA
Annual Report Gallery http://www.corpwatch.org
http://www.reportgallery.com has lots of info on different corporations and cam-
hundreds of annual reports online paigns
About.com Business Pages - Investor Research and Responsibility Centre
http://globalbusiness.about.com/ http://www.irrc.org
really - go check these out - there is soooo much even though you probably have no interest in invest-
information here including news pages and research ing - this place is a good one for looking up ethical
tips for looking into company backgrounds - if you are issues that corporations may be involved in....
trying to get info on a company - this is a good Public Citizen
starting place! http://www.citizen.org
McSpotlight Ralph Naders consumer/citizen watchdog group
www.mcspotlight.org
everything you could ever want to know about
McDonalds
Research - Government: Canadian Security Intelligence Service
P.O. Box 9732, Station T
Canadian Government Web Gateway Ottawa, Ontario K1G 4G4
http://www.canada.gc.ca General Enquiries: (613) 993-9620
this houses a complete listing of all federal govern- Fax: (613) 783-9363
ment web sites - lots of information is available right Communications Branch: (613) 231-0100
here - especially if you are just looking for general Access to Information / Privacy: (613) 231-0334
statistics and other basic info. Internet Site: www.csis-scrs.gc.ca
Below are a few of the federal enquiry points for Citizenship and Immigration Canada
ATIP - we selected out those departments that are Journal Tower South
probably the most likely ones people will want to do 365 Laurier Avenue West, 19th Floor
research under. Ottawa, Ontario K1A 1L1
General Enquiries: (613) 954-9019
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Access to Information / Privacy: (613) 957-6512
Sir John Carling Building Internet Site: cicnet.ci.gc.ca
930 Carling Avenue
Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C5 Communications Security Establishment
General Enquiries: (613) 759-1000 719 Heron Road
Publications: (613) 759-6610 Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K2
Library: (613) 759-7068 General Enquiries: (613) 991-7316
Access to Information / Privacy: (613) 759-6768 Internet Site: www.cse.dnd.ca
Internet Site: www.agr.ca
Correctional Service of Canada
Bank of Canada Sir Wilfrid Laurier Building
234 Wellington Street 340 Laurier Avenue West
Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0G9 Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0P9
General Enquiries: (613) 782-8111 General Enquiries: (613) 992-8423
Fax: (613) 782-7713 Toll-free: 1-800-665-8948
Public Information Service: (613) 782-7506 Access to Information / Privacy: (613) 992-8248
Toll-free: 1-800-303-1282 Internet Site: www.csc-scc.gc.ca
Access to Information / Privacy: (613) 782-8322
Internet Site: www.bank-banque-canada.ca Department of Foreign Affairs and International
E-mail: paffairs@bank-banque-canada.ca Trade
Lester B. Pearson Building
125 Sussex Drive
Canadian Human Rights Commission Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0G2
Canada Place General Enquiries: (613) 944-4000
344 Slater Street, 8th Floor Toll-free: 1-800-267-8376
Ottawa, Ontario K1A 1E1 Access to Information / Privacy: (613) 992-1425
General Enquiries: (613) 995-1151 Internet Site: www.dfait-maeci.gc.ca
Toll-free: 1-888-214-1090 E-mail: sxci.enqserv@extott09.x400.gc.ca
Access to Information / Privacy: (613) 943-9505
Internet Site: www.chrc.ca
E-mail: info@chrc.ca
Department of Justice Canada Natural Resources Canada
Justice Building 580 Booth Street
284 Wellington Street Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E4
Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0H8 General Enquiries: (613) 995-0947
General Enquiries: (613) 957-4222 Access to Information / Privacy: (613) 995-1236
Access to Information / Privacy: (613) 952-8361 Internet Site: www.NRCan.gc.ca
Internet Site: canada.justice.gc.ca E-mail: questions@NRCan.gc.ca
The below sites all contain intensive how-to informa- Obviously - there are libraries in every city - this is a
tion from how to hang off a billboard to how to set a short list of four that I have used regularly and that
fire or uproot crops. It is suggested that when visiting also have online components - you can figure out what
these sites, you do so through a proxy! exists in your own locality for doing research.
Contact TAO-Vancouver at
vancouver@tao.ca or
http://vancouver.tao.ca