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Problem 6A
MOMENTUM
PROBLEM

The worlds most massive train ran in South Africa in 1989. Over 7 km long, the train traveled 861.0 km in 22.67 h. Imagine that the distance was traveled in a straight line north. If the trains average momentum was 7.32 108 kgm/s to the north, what was its mass?
SOLUTION

Given:

Unknown:

x = 861.0 km to the north t = 22.67 h kgm pavg = 7.32 108 to the north s vavg = ? m = ?

Use the definition of average velocity to calculate vavg, and then substitute this value for velocity in the definition of momentum to solve for mass. (861.0 103 m) x m vavg = = = 10.55 to the north t (22.67 h)(3600 s/h) s pavg = mvavg kgm 7.32 108 pavg s m = = = 6.94 107 kg vavg m 10.55 s

ADDITIONAL PRACTICE
1. In 1987, Marisa Canofoglia, of Italy, roller-skated at a record-setting speed of 40.3 km/h. If the magnitude of Canofoglias momentum was 6.60 102 kgm/s, what was her mass? 2. In 1976, a 53 kg helicopter was built in Denmark. Suppose this helicopter flew east with a speed of 60.0 m/s and the total momentum of the helicopter and pilot was 7.20 103 kgm/s to the east. What was the mass of the pilot? 3. One of the smallest planes ever flown was the Bumble Bee II, which had a mass of 1.80 102 kg. If the pilots mass was 7.0 101 kg, what was the velocity of both plane and pilot if their momentum was 2.08 104 kgm/s to the west? 4. The first human-made satellite, Sputnik I, had a mass of 83.6 kg and a momentum with a magnitude of 6.63 105 kgm/s. What was the satellites speed?
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Holt Physics Problem Workbook

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5. Among the largest passenger ships currently in use, the Norway has been in service the longest. The Norway is more than 300 m long, has a mass of 6.9 107 kg, and can reach a top cruising speed of 33 km/h. Calculate the magnitude of the ships momentum. 6. In 1994, a tower 22.13 m tall was built of Lego blocks. Suppose a block with a mass of 2.00 g is dropped from the top of this tower. Neglecting air resistance, calculate the blocks momentum at the instant the block hits the ground.

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Problem 6A

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Momentum and Collisions

Chapter
Additional Practice 6A

Givens
1. v = 40.3 km/h p = 6.60 102 kg m/s 2. mh = 53 kg v = 60.0 m/s to the east ptot = 7.20 103 kg m/s to the east

Solutions
6.60 102 kg m/s p m = = = 59.0 kg v (40.3 103 m/h)(1 h/3600 s) ptot = mh v + mp v 7.20 103 kg m/s (53 kg)(60.0 m/s) ptot mhv mp = = v 60.0 m/s 7.20 103 kg m/s 3.2 103 kg m/s 4.0 103 kg m/s mp = = = 67 kg 60.0 m/s 60.0 m/s

II
3. m1 = 1.80 10 kg m2 = 7.0 10 kg ptot = 2.08 104 kgm/s to the west = 2.08 104 kgm/s 4. m = 83.6 kg p = 6.63 105 kgm/s
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2.08 10 kgm/s 2.08 10 kgm/s ptot v = = = 2 1 2.50 102 kg m1 + m2 1.80 10 kg + 7.0 10 kg v = 83.2 m/s = 83.2 m/s to the west

p 6.63 105 kgm/s v = = = 7.93 103 m/s = 7.93 km/s m 83.6 kg

5. m = 6.9 107 kg v = 33 km/h 6. h = 22.13 m m = 2.00 g g = 9.81 m/s2

p = mv = (6.9 107 kg)(33 103 m/h)(1 h/3600 s) = 6.3 108 kg m/s

mgh = 2mvf 2 vf = 2gh p = mvf = m 2gh = (2.00 103 kg) (2)(9.81 m/s2)(22.13 m) p = 4.17 102 kg m/s downward

Additional Practice 6B
1. m = 9.0 104 kg vi = 0 m/s vf = 12 cm/s upward F = 6.0 103 N mvf mvi (9.0 104 kg)(0.12 m/s) (9.0 104 kg)(0 m/s) t = = F 6.0 103 N (9.0 104 kg)(0.12 m/s) t = = 1.8 s 6.0 103 N

Section TwoProblem Workbook Solutions

II Ch. 61