1.

Weather Forecast in The Australian Bureau of Meteorology

The diagram below shows how the Australian Bureau of Meteorology collects up-to-the-minute information on the weather in order to produce reliable forecasts. Write at least 150 words.

SAMPLE ESSAY: The figure shows the process which is used to collect up-to-the-minute information on the weather by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology. There are four stages in the process. Firstly, information is collected through various channels including satellite, radar and drifting buoy. The data then goes through the analysis and forecasting stage. Next, in the stage of preparing the broadcast, all the analysis and information from various sources in the second stage will be collected and processed by computers. Finally, it is broadcasted to different media such as television and radio. Looking at the second stage, there are three different ways to present the data collected from satellite, radar and drift buoy. Satellite photos are created by satellite stations. Radar screens and synoptic charts are created by radar stations and drift buoys respectively. The information

collected by radar stations can also come from satellites and drift buoys can receive information from both satellites and radar stations.

2. Production Of Coloured Plastic Paper Clips

The flowchart illustrates the production of coloured plastic paper clips in a small factory. Write a report for a university tutor describing the production process. Write at least 150 words.

SAMPLE ESSAY: The process of manufacturing plastic paper clips is depicted by the flowchart, including four steps: producing, durable checking, color-based separating as well as checking, and packing and delivering. In the first step, material is input into the producing machine to make three kinds of paper clips, which are blue, yellow and red. The product later will be checked for strength by machine in the second step before being shorted by the colors handily. All failures shall be rejected. People shall divide molted clips into two groups as mixed and single color. The third step includes a checking program for separated mixture and single color paper clips. Products, which werent placed in right group, shall be resent to shorting process to be separated again. After complete

checking procedure, paper clips will be packed and dispatched to distribution places as the last step of producing.

3. A Central Heating System

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. The diagram below shows how a central heating system in a house works. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. You should write at least 150 words.

SAMPLE ESSAY: This diagram provides an overview of a domestic central heating system. It shows how the tank, boiler and pipes ensure a constant flow of hot waterto both the radiators and the taps. The cold water enters the house and is stored in a water storage tank in the roof. From there it flows down to the boiler, located on the ground floor of the house. The boiler, which is fuelled by gas or oil, heats up the water as it passes through it. The hot water is then pumped round the house through a system of pipes and flows into the radiators, located in different rooms. The water circulates through the radiators, which have small tubes inside them to help distribute the heat, and this warms each of the rooms. Some of the water is directed to the taps to provide hot water for the house. Once the water has been through the pipes and radiators, it is returned to the boiler to be reheated and circulated round the house again.

4. HYDROELECTRIC DAM
The diagram shows how electricity is generated by a hydroelectric dam. Write a 150-word report for a university lecturer explaining how the process works.

SAMPLE ESSAY: (8 alm) The diagram illustrates the basic principles of hydroelectric power. The process requires the construction of a large dam connected to a powerhouse. The dam creates a large reservoir and the powerhouse is where the electricity is generated. First of all, water trapped in the reservoir behind the dam is forced through an intake. It then flows into a narrow chamber called a penstock, where the resulting high pressure turns a turbine. The turbine is connected to a generator in the powerhouse above, and this is where the movement of the turbine is converted into electricity. The resulting electricity leaves the powerhouse via cables that carry it over long distances to where it can be used. It is interesting to note that a hydroelectric dam creates no harmful byproducts and relies entirely on natural forces to produce electricity. After the turbine stage, water flows out through a second channel and into a river. The process is renewable, thanks to the water cycle in nature.

5. The Brick Manufacturing Process

The diagram illustrates the process that is used to manufacture bricks for the building industry. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.

Write at least 150 words.

SAMPLE ESSAY: The diagram illustrates the way in which bricks are made for the building industry. Overall, there are seven stages in the process, beginning with the digging up of clay and culminating in delivery. To begin, the clay used to make the bricks is dug up from the ground by a large digger. This clay is then placed onto a metal grid, which is used to break up the clay into smaller pieces. A roller assists in this process. Following this, sand and water are added to the clay, and this mixture is turned into bricks by either placing it into a mould or using a wire cutter. Next, these bricks are placed in an oven to dry for 24 48 hours. In the subsequent stage, the bricks go through a heating and cooling process. A kiln heats them at a moderate and then a high temperature (ranging from 200c to 1300c), followed by a cooling process in a chamber for 2 3 days. Finally, the bricks are packed and delivered to their destinations.